No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Choledocholithiasis*

No abstract available.
Jaundice, Obstructive*

No abstract available.
Colon*

No abstract available.
Peptic Ulcer*

PURPOSE: To describe the appearance and average thickness of the internal anal sphincter with anal endosonography in healthy Korean adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 184 subjects(male: 96, female: 88) with no history of anorectal disease or surgery were studied with anal endosonography. The average thickness of internal sphincter was meas ured at the mid-anal canal. For the internal sphincter, which is often asymmetric, the thickness of each 4 part(12, 3, 6 and 9 o'clock direction) were measured in left lateral decubitus position. RESULTS: The anal wall was well visualized in 5 layers(mucosa, submucosa, internal anal sphincter, intersphincteric plane, external anal sphincter) with anal endosonography. The anal endosonogram showed the internal anal sphincter as a homogenous, well-defined, hypoechoic, circular band, and slightly asymmetric. The average thickness of the internal anal sphincter in the area of mid-anal portion was 2.0 0.3 mm(range: 1~3 mm). There was no sexual difference; however, a significant positive correlation with age was found in average thickness of the internal anal sphincter. The correlation with lean body mass was not found. CONCLUSION: The internal anal sphincter is well-visualized, best defined structure by anal endosonography. Average thickeness of the sphincter in Korean appeared to be the same as in the Western.
Adult* ; Anal Canal* ; Endosonography ; Female ; Humans

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Forehead* ; Methylmethacrylate*

More intraoperative and postoperative complications of diabetic vitrectomy may result in poor visual prognosis. Sixty eye (49 patients) underwent vitrectomy for complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Iatrogenic retinal breaks occurred in 6 (10%) of 60 eyes. Postoperative vitreous emorrhage was complicated in 13 (21%) of 60 eyes. Postoperative vitreous hemorrhage cleared spontaneously in one eye. Fluid-air exchange alone was successful in clearing the vitreous cavity in 4 eyes. Two eyes in which clearing does not occur in the postexchange period underwent repeated vitrectomy. Remaining 6 eyes required repeated vitrectomy. Choroidal effusion occurred in 4 eyes (7%) and resolved spontaneously within one week. Neovascular glaucoma occurred in 4 eyes (7%) and was treated with glaucoma implant surgery in 2 eyes, trabeculectomy with Mitomycin C in 1 ye, and cyclophotocoagulation in 1 eye. Retinal detachment developed postoperatively in 3 eyes (5%) and was treated successfully. Corneal epithelial defect persisting more than one week was present in 2 eyes (3%). Accidental mechanical lens damage occurred in one eye. The anatomical success rate was 98% (59 eyes). Visual acuity of 0.025 or better was obtained in 49 eyes (82%). Minimizing intraoperative complications as well as properly managing postoperative complications produced better surgical results.
Choroid ; Diabetic Retinopathy* ; Glaucoma ; Glaucoma, Neovascular ; Incidence* ; Intraoperative Complications ; Mitomycin ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Perforations ; Trabeculectomy ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy* ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

Gastric bezoars are large masses or concretions, composed with plant fiber, hair and miscellaneous foreign bodies, found in the stomach and occur usually as sequele of gastric surgery. We experienced 2 cases of fat bezoars which developed after drinking of melted beef fst. They had postprandial epigastric fullness and pain, those were relieved on supine and left recumbent position. Upper gastrointestinal series showed a large movable mass in the stomach in hoth cases. On gastrofibercopic examination, a large egg sized white bezoar was cordirmed in both cases and a gastrie ulcer at antrum associated in one case. In attempt to removal of the bezoars, we tried to break them, but failed because of its character. The patients were treated with pancreatic lipase containg digestives, Pancreon-F and Azintal. From one day after this treatment, symptoms were completely relieved. Five days later, we confirmed disappearance of bezoars by gastrofiberscopy. and upper gastrointestinal barium
Barium ; Bezoars* ; Drinking ; Foreign Bodies ; Hair ; Humans ; Lipase* ; Ovum ; Plants ; Stomach ; Ulcer