Although dural arteriovenous malformations(DAVM) involving the occipital lobe can be the cause of variable posi-tive visual phenomena, the mechanism of these visual disturbances is not fully understood. We report a 42-year-old man with a left occipital DAVM presenting headache and positive visual phenomena in the right hemianopic field. Occipital DAVM was not accompanied by parenchymal lesions in a brain magnetic resonance imaging. The cerebral angiography demonstrated the retrograde flow into the dilated occipital cortical veins as well as the left occipital DAVM having multiple arterial feeders and the drainage into the left transverse sinus. All clinical symptoms disap-peared after a transarterial embolization. Brain 99mTc-ECD single photon emission computed tomography also showed the improvement of hypoperfusion on the left occipital area after the embolization. We believe that the venous hyper-tension by occipital DAVM impeding the perfusion to the occipital lobe plays an important role in producing positive visual phenomena on the hemianopic field.
Adult ; Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Brain ; Cerebral Angiography ; Drainage ; Headache ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Occipital Lobe ; Perfusion ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; Veins ; Visual Fields*

Although dural arteriovenous malformations(DAVM) involving the occipital lobe can be the cause of variable posi-tive visual phenomena, the mechanism of these visual disturbances is not fully understood. We report a 42-year-old man with a left occipital DAVM presenting headache and positive visual phenomena in the right hemianopic field. Occipital DAVM was not accompanied by parenchymal lesions in a brain magnetic resonance imaging. The cerebral angiography demonstrated the retrograde flow into the dilated occipital cortical veins as well as the left occipital DAVM having multiple arterial feeders and the drainage into the left transverse sinus. All clinical symptoms disap-peared after a transarterial embolization. Brain 99mTc-ECD single photon emission computed tomography also showed the improvement of hypoperfusion on the left occipital area after the embolization. We believe that the venous hyper-tension by occipital DAVM impeding the perfusion to the occipital lobe plays an important role in producing positive visual phenomena on the hemianopic field.
Adult ; Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Brain ; Cerebral Angiography ; Drainage ; Headache ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Occipital Lobe ; Perfusion ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; Veins ; Visual Fields*

Heterotopic pregnancy, simultaneous intrauterine and extrauterine pregnancy, is an extremely rare case. The incidence of heterotopic pregnancy was about 1 to 30,000 pregnancies, but it has increased after wider use of assisted reproductive technology. The rising incidence presents a serious problem as the diagnosis of this potentially fatal condition is often missed. Careful pelvic examination combined with serial beta-hCG determinations, and transvaginal sonography to evaluate the adnexal region are necessary prerequisites for early diagnosis. We report a case of heterotopic pregnancy following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET) with a brief review of literature.
Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Gynecological Examination ; Incidence ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Heterotopic* ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted

No abstract available.
Hemorrhage* ; Kidney Transplantation*

No abstract available.
Cause of Death* ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Kidney*

No abstract available.
Hemorrhage* ; Kidney Transplantation*

Alveolar Process ; Dental Implants ; Hypesthesia ; Osteogenesis ; Osteogenesis, Distraction

Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) signaling participates in the synaptic plasticity, maintenance or regulation of adult brain. Although ErbB4, a key NRG1 receptor, is expressed in multiple regions in the adult animal brain, little is known about its localization in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains. We previously reported that ErbB4 immunoreactivity showed regional difference in the hippocampus of age-matched control. In the present paper, immunohistochemical characterization of the distribution of ErbB4 receptor in the hippocampus relative to pathology staging were performed in age-matched control (Braak stage 0, n=6) and AD (Braak stage I/V, n=10). Here, we found that ErbB4 immunoreactivity was significantly increased in apoptotic hippocampal pyramidal neurons in the brains of AD patients, compared to those of age-matched control subjects. In AD brains, ErbB4 immunoreactivity was demonstrated to colocalize with the apoptotic signal Bax in apoptotic hippocampal pyramidal neurons. These results suggest that up-regulation of ErbB4 immunoreactivity in apoptotic neuron may involve in the progression of pathology of AD.
Adult ; Alzheimer Disease ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Brain ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Neuregulin-1 ; Neurons ; Plastics ; Up-Regulation

PURPOSE: Thallous-201 chloride produced at Korea Cancer Center Hospital(KCCH) is used in detecting cardiovascular disease and cancer. Thallium impurity can cause emesis, catharsis and nausea, so the presence of thallium and other metal impurities should be determined. According to USP and KP, their amounts must be less than 2 ppm in thallium and 5 ppm in total. In this study, the detection method of trace amounts of metal impurities in [201Tl]TlCl injection with polarography was optimized without environmental contamination. MATERALS AND METHODS: For the detection of metal impurities, Osteryoung Square Wave Stripping Voltammetry method was used in Bio-Analytical System (BAS) 50W polarograph. The voltammetry was composed of Dropping Mercury Electrode (DME) as a working electrode, Ag/AgCl as a reference electrode and Pt wire as a counter electrode. Square wave stripping method, which makes use of formation and deformation of amalgam, was adopted to determine the metal impurities, and pH 7 phosphate buffer was used as supporting electrolyte. RESULTS: T1, Cu and Pb in thallous-201 chloride solution were detected by scanning from 300 mV to -800 mV. Calibration curves were made by using TlNO3, CuSO4 and Pb(NO3)2 as standard solutions. Tl was confirmed at -450 mV peak potential and Cu at -50 mV. Less than 2 ppm of Tl and Cu was detected and Pb was not detected in KCCH-produced thallous-201 chloride injection. CONCLUSION: Detection limit of thallium and copper is approximately 50 ppb with this method. As a result of this experiment, thallium and other metal impurities in thallous-201 chloride injection, produced at Korea Cancer Center Hospital, are in the regulation of USP and KP. Polarograph could be applied for the determination of metal impurities in the quality control of radiopharmaceuticals conveniently without environmental contamination.
Calibration ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Catharsis ; Copper ; Electrodes ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Korea ; Limit of Detection ; Metals, Heavy* ; Nausea ; Polarography* ; Quality Control ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Thallium ; Vomiting

Local or general anesthesia is essential for safe operation. Patients in good preoperative condition are relatively to tolerable to the operation, but the patients in poor preoperative condition have the high mortality and morbidity during and after the operation. Therefore, we should choose the anesthetic agents and methods, which cause little effect to the patient's life. Among the intraventricular blocks, bundle branch is the most common type, and left bundle branch block may progress to a more serious condition of complete heart block. Optimal anesthetic management of patients with cardiovascular disease requires a thorough knowledge of normal cardiac physiology, the circulatory effects of the various anesthetic agents, and the pathophysiology and treatment of these diseases. The authors successfully performed balanced anesthesia in operation of a 63 year old female patient who showed complete left bundle branch block pattern in a preoperative electrocardiographic tracing without any subjective symptoms.
Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics ; Balanced Anesthesia* ; Bundle-Branch Block* ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Block ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Physiology