No abstract available.
Angioplasty* ; Carotid Artery, Internal* ; Carotid Stenosis*

The results of neurophysiological studies in a 20 year-old man who had pathological jumps and falls following unexpected auditory stimuli is presented. He also had action induced hemidystonia and polymyoclonus involving fingers of the both hands. Somatosensory evoked potential study showed no giant cortical wave and jerk-locked back averaging electroencephalogram showed no jerk ,related cortical event. Polymyographic study after auditory stimuli showed electromyographic (EMG) bursts recruitment pattern consistent with hyprekplexia ai)d reticular reflex myocloniis. EMG bursts spread rostrally and caudally from the sternocleidomastoid muscle via a slowly conducting neuronal pathways. These findings are compatible. With hyperekplexia. Pathologically increased gain of the brainstem reticular formation seems to cause hyperekplexia.
Brain Stem ; Electroencephalography ; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory ; Fingers ; Hand ; Humans ; Myoclonus ; Neurons ; Reflex ; Reticular Formation ; Stiff-Person Syndrome* ; Young Adult

The authors report the problems of treatment in 37 consecutive cerebralarteriovenous malformations(AVM's) who underwent embolization, operation, combined treatment, or conservative care. The preoperative embolization is an integral part of the multidisciplinary treatment protocol for patients with cerebral AVM's. Life threatening intracerebral hematoma caused by bleeding from AVM's will be managed effectively with stereotactic Urokinase irrigation for urgently reducing the increased intracranial pressure and getting a time to change emergent to elective surgery. We also discussed the problems along the management of cerebral AMV's.
Clinical Protocols ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Intracranial Pressure ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is currently considered the most important exogenous factor in the genesis of gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. However, the optimum regimen for the eradication of H. pylori remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the eradication rate of H. pylori, the side effects, and the patients' compliance with regard to various drug regimens. We also analyzed factors influencing the eradication of H. pylori. One hundred and eighty patients were included and divided into four groups: 42 patients (Group I) received tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate (240 mg b.i.d.), metronidazole (250 mg t.i.d.) and amoxicillin (500 mg t.i.d.) for 14 days; 55 patients (Group 2) received omeprazole (20 mg b.i.d.) and amoxicillin (1000 mg b.i.d.) for 14 days; 36 patients (Group 3) were treated with omeprazole (20 mg b.i.d.), metronidazole (250 mg t.i.d.) and amoxicillin (500 mg t.i.d.) for 14 days; and 47 patients (Group 4) received omeprazole (20 mg q.d.) and amoxicillin (500 mg t.i.d.) for 14 days and then tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate(240 mg b.i.d.) and nizatidine (150 mg q.d.) for 14 days. The diagnosis of H. pylori was made by histology. The eradication of H. pylori was defined both by histology (H&E and Giemsa stain) and by rapid urease test (CLOR) showing negative for H. pylori 4 weeks after the completion of therapy. Of the 180 patients, 95 patients had non-ulcer dyspepsia, 40 patients had gastric ulcer and 45 patients had duodenal ulcer. The eradication rate of H. pylori was highest (89.3%) in Group 3, as compared with Group 1 (68.9%), Group 2 (65.4%), and Group 4 (48.9%). The eradication rate was significantly higher in Group 3 than in Groups 2 and 4 (p< 0.05). There was no significant difference in the eradication rate among clinical diagnosis, sex and age. But, in the conventional triple therapy (Group 1), the eradication rate was higher in male (78.6%) than in female (46.2%). The side effects in order, were nausea (22.1%), dizziness (19.5%), abdominal pain (11.6%) and diarrhea (97%), and there was no difference among the drug regimens. The compliance of the patients was good (more than 80% irrespective of drug regimen). On the basis of these findings, the side effects of the drugs seemed minimal, and the compliance of patients was good irrespective of the drug regimen. In conclusion, the triple therapy with omeprazole, metronidazole and amoxicillin was the most effective regimen and could be recommended for H. pylori eradication.
Adult ; Anti-Ulcer Agents/*therapeutic use ; Antibiotics/*therapeutic use ; Duodenal Ulcer/microbiology ; Dyspepsia/microbiology ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections/*drug therapy ; *Helicobacter pylori ; Human ; Male ; Middle Age ; Stomach Ulcer/microbiology

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of various application methods of one-step self-etch adhesives to microtensile resin-dentin bond strength. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six extracted human molars were used. The teeth were assigned randomly to twelve groups (n = 15), according to the three different adhesive systems (Clearfil Tri-S Bond, Adper Prompt L-Pop, G-Bond) and application methods. The adhesive systems were applied on the dentin as follows: 1) The single coating, 2) The double coating, 3) Manual agitation, 4) Ultrasonic agitation. Following the adhesive application, light-cure composite resin was constructed. The restored teeth were stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24 hours, and prepared 15 specimens per groups. Then microtensile bond strength was measured and the failure mode was examined. RESULTS: Manual agitation and ultrasonic agitation of adhesive significantly increased the microtensile bond strength than single coating and double coating did. Double coating of adhesive significantly increased the microtensile bond strength than single coating did and there was no significant difference between the manual agitation and ultrasonic agitation group. There was significant difference in microtensile bonding strength among all adhesives and Clearfil Tri-S Bond showed the highest bond strength. CONCLUSIONS: In one-step self-etching adhesives, there was significant difference according to application methods and type of adhesives. No matter of the material, the manual or ultrasonic agitation of the adhesive showed significantly higher microtensile bond strength.
Adhesives ; Dentin ; Dihydroergotamine ; Humans ; Molar ; Resin Cements ; Tooth ; Ultrasonics ; Water

Recently it was shown that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can explain individual variation because of the small changes of the gene expression level and that the 50% decreased expression of an allele might even lead to predisposition to cancer. In this study, we found that a decreased expression of an allele might cause predisposition to genetic disease. Dopa responsive dystonia (DRD) is a dominant disease caused by mutations in GCH1 gene. The sequence analysis of the GCH1 in a patient with typical DRD symptoms revealed two novel missense mutations instead of a single dominant mutation. Family members with either of the mutations did not have any symptoms of DRD. The expression level of a R198W mutant allele decreased to about 50%, suggesting that modestly decreased expression caused by an SNP should lead to predisposition of a genetic disease in susceptible individuals.
Child ; Clubfoot/genetics ; Dopamine/deficiency ; Dystonic Disorders/drug therapy/enzymology/*genetics/physiopathology ; GTP Cyclohydrolase/*genetics/metabolism ; Genes, Recessive ; *Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Levodopa/administration & dosage ; Male ; Mutation, Missense ; Pedigree ; Polymorphism, Genetic

The methylation of a 23-kDa nuclear protein increased after partial hepatectomy and methylation returned to basal levels after the initial stage of regeneration. The methylating enzyme was partially purified from rat liver by ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-anion exchange chromatography and Butyl-Sepharose chromatography. The 23-kDa protein was purified from a nuclear fraction of liver tissue with SP-Sepharose. When the 23-kDa protein was methylated with the partially purified methyltransferase and analyzed on C18 high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the methylated acceptor amino acid was monomethyl lysine (MML). Previously, only arginine N-methylation of specific substrate proteins has been reported during liver regeneration. However, in this report, we found that lysine N-methylation increased during early hepatic regeneration, suggesting that lysine N-methylation of the 23-kDa nuclear protein may play a functional role in hepatic regeneration. The methyltransferase did not methylate other proteins such as histones, hnRNPA1, or cytochrome C, suggesting the enzyme is a 23-kDa nuclear protein- specific lysine N-methyltransferase.
Animals ; Cytochromes c/metabolism ; DNA Helicases/metabolism ; Hepatectomy ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/*metabolism ; Histones/metabolism ; Liver ; Liver Regeneration/*physiology ; Lysine/*metabolism ; Methylation ; Proteins/*metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

C-Terminal carboxyl methylation of a human placental 23 kDa protein catalyzed by membrane-associated methyltransferase has been investigated. The 23 kDa protein substrate methylated was partially purified by DEAE-Sephacel, hydroxyapatite and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatographies. The substrate protein was eluted on Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography as a protein of about 29 kDa. In the absence of Mg2+, the methylation was stimulated by guanine nucleotides (GTP, GDP and GTPgammaS), but in the presence of Mg2+, only GTPgammaS stimulated the methylation which was similar to the effect on the G25K/rhoGDI complex. AFC, an inhibitor of C-terminal carboxyl methylation, inhibited the methylation of human placental 23 kDa protein. These results suggests that the substrate is a small G protein different from the G25K and is methylated on C-terminal isoprenylated cysteine residue. This was also confirmed by vapor phase analysis. The methylated substrate protein was redistributed to membrane after in vitro methylation, suggesting that the methylation of this protein is important for the redistribution of the 23 kDa small G protein for its putative role in intracellular signaling.
Cysteine/metabolism* ; Female ; GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism* ; Guanine Nucleotides/pharmacology ; Human ; Methylation ; Placenta/metabolism* ; Placenta/enzymology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Proteins/metabolism* ; Protein Methyltransferases/metabolism*

OBJECTIVE: Pattern with essential hypertension generally shows the same circadian pattern as the normothensive person with a night-time reduction or "DIP" in blood pressure in sleep. The definition of "Dipper" and "Non-dipper" are assigned according to arbitrary criteria e.g. a night time average blood pressure which is at least 10% less than the average daytime blood pressure. Prospective evidence that the absence of an overnight dip is a strong adverse prognostic indicator for target organ damage .Thus we investigate circardian rhythm of blood pressure, related target organ damage, its frequency & drug in hypertensive subjects. Method : 24hr ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, history taking, physical examination, fundoscopy, ECG, chest X ray, dipstick urinanlysis, serum creatinine level are performed in essential hypertensive subjects. Exclusion criteria are duration of hypertension over 5 years, DM, renovascular hypertension & heart failure. RESULTS: Total 42 patients performed study.17 subjects classify dipper group,25 subjects classify non-dipper group. Between dipper & non-dipper group shows no significantly difference at stroke history, C/T ratio over 0.5 in chest X-ray, left ventrcular hypertrophy in ECG,ST-T change in ECG, proteinuria & serum creatinine level. Non-dipper group shows significantly difference to dipper group in frequency of hypertensive retinopathy and number of combined drug used subjects. CONCLUSION: Number of hypertensive retinopathy is significantly frequency in non-dipper group. Hypertensive retinopathy is atherosclerotic complication, thus we predict other target organ damage, therefore non-dipper type circardian rhythm of blood pressure is adverse prognostic factor for target organ damage of hypertensive subjects.
Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ; Blood Pressure* ; Creatinine ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertension, Renovascular ; Hypertensive Retinopathy ; Hypertrophy ; Physical Examination ; Prospective Studies ; Proteinuria ; Stroke ; Thorax

Brugada syndrome, an autosomal dominantly inherited form of ventricular fibrillation, is characterized by ST-segment elevation in leads V1-3 and right bundle-branch block on surface electrocardiogram. It is caused by mutations in the cardiac sodium channel gene, SCN5A, and to the best of our knowledge, there has been no report of this mutation in Korea. Three members of a family were heterozygous for a G to T substitution at the nucleotide position 5851 in exon 28 of the SCN5A gene. This nucleotide alteration makes a missense mutation, leading to a valine to leucine substitution (V1951L), in the carboxy terminal region of the sodium channel a subunit. We report here a missense mutation in a Korean family with Brugada-type electrocardiogram.
Brugada Syndrome ; Bundle-Branch Block ; Electrocardiography ; Exons ; Humans ; Korea ; Leucine ; Mutation, Missense* ; Sodium Channels ; Valine ; Ventricular Fibrillation