● AIM: To investigate the sequential changes of HIF-1 α Protein and mRNA in hypoxic bovine retinal microvessel endothelial cells.● METHODS: The bovine retinal microvessel endothelial cells were cultured in normoxic and CoCl2-induced hypoxic conditions respectively. Expressions of HIF-1 α Protein were measured with immunohistochemical staining, and RT-PCR was used to determine the HIF-1 α mRNA.● RESULTS: HIF-1 α began to increase 1h after hypoxia,and reached the peak at 4h. After 16h, it declined significantly. Compared with the normoxic group, the expression of HIF-1 α protein in the hypoxic groups had significant difference (P＜0.01), and HIF-1 α mRNA expression was unchanged under hypoxia.● CONCLUSION: HIF-1 α participates in the hypoxic procedures in retinal microvessel endothelial cells, and hypoxia induce time-dependent changes of HIF-1 α protein expression, which is not modulated on the transcription level. Analysis of HIF-1 α expression revealed a temporal and spatial changes with regard to the hyperoxic repression, indicating that HIF-1 may play a major role in the development of retinopathy of prematurity and other ischemic retinal disorders such as diabetic retinopathy.

A 30-year-old woman presented with a 5-year history of recurrent nodular lesions in the left subaxillary region,which had rapidly grown for 7 weeks.Five years prior to the presentation,she received breast conservation surgery and radiotherapy for left breast cancer,thereafter,chronic radiation dermatitis developed in the left subaxillary region.Two years after the operation,three soybean-sized bright red nodules appeared in the lesions of radiation dermatitis,and slowly enlarged.Subsequently,the nodules were resected,but a local recurrence was observed 3 weeks after the resection.The recurrent masses underwent accelerated growth during her pregnancy,and the growth was obviously inhibited after the termination of pregnancy.Physical examination revealed a quasi-elliptic,dark or bright red plaque measuring about 18 cm × 14 cm with a smooth surface in left subaxillary region,and in the center of the plaque was a bright red,hemispheric,elevated lesion measuring 10 cm × 9 cm × 5 cm with erosions or pitchy crusts on the surface.Histopathology of the lesions showed that the tumor was located in the dermis and consisted of densely packed uniform spindle-shaped cells arranged in a characteristic storiform or whirlpool pattern.Some cell nuclei showed atypia,and few mitoses were observed.In some parts of the lesion,tumor cells were arranged in a herringbone pattern.Immunohistochemistry revealed that the tumor cells stained positive for vimentin(strongly)and actin(weakly),but negative for CD34.Based on these findings,a diagnosis of postradiation dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans(fibrosarcoma type)was made.

Objective To explore the effects of different infants-feeding patterns on preschoolers' physical development, intelligence development and bone mineral density (BMD). Methods A total of 953 preschoolers from seven cities and two rural areas in China were recruited by multiple stage stratified cluster sampling methods from November 2011 to April 2012. Physiology measurement was performed to get their height and weight and to calculate body mass index(BMI). BMD of distal radius was measured by ultrasound BMD scanner. The intelligence quotient was assessed by Standford-Binet Test of Intelligence(Chinese Version). The demographic factors and the feeding ways were investigated by an interviewer-administered questionnaire and all subjects were divided into three groups : exclusive breastfeeding, mixed feeding and artificial feeding group. ANOVA analysis, Chi-square test and non-parametric test were used to analyze the data. Results There were 476, 335 and 142 children in exclusive breastfeeding, mixed feeding and artificial feeding groups, respectively. The exclusive breastfeeding rate in urban areas was significantly lower than that in rural areas [47.2%(343/726) vs 58.6%(133/227), χ2=9.780, P=0.008]. The height-for-age Z score and weight-for-age Z score were significantly different among children with different feeding ways (χ2=10.728 and 12.175, P=0.005 and 0.002). The children in the exclusive breast feeding group showed lower height-for-age Z score and lower weight-for-age Z score comparing with those in the mixed feeding and artificial feeding groups (all P<0.05). The value of speed of sound of BMD was significantly different among exclusive breastfeeding, mixed feeding and artificial feeding groups [(3 640.2±142.0) vs (3 613.9±141.9) and (3 613.4±143.0) m/s, F=3.946, P=0.020], and that in the exclusive breastfeeding group was higher than in the mixed feeding group (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in BMI-for-age Z score, intelligence score and food allergy rate and food intolerance rate among the three groups(all P>0.05). Conclusions Feeding patterns during the first several months after birth may affect the weight, height and BMD in preschool-children, but not the intelligence development of these children.

This paper mainly discusses how physician - patient disputes are included within scope of the media and become its"focus"of concern.It has revealed in my research that the dual interests of the media,the interests driving of the journalists,the strength of TV (or video) and the audiences are the inherent dynamisms which ehance the media let physician - patient disputes included in its vision.In other words,the physician - patient disputes become the"hot spot"of media attention with the help of the gatekeepers and the audiences.

?AlM: To evaluate the long - term effects of laser peripheral iridectomy ( LPl ) and trabeculectomy in treating early chronic angle-closure glaucoma.
?METHODS: Ninety-eight patients (102 eyes) with early chronic primary angle-closure glaucoma were randomly divided into two groups. Group A of 50 patients (54 eyes) was treated with LPl and group B of 48 patients (48 eyes) with trabeculectomy. After 3 - 8y of follow - up observation, comparison would be made from the perspectives of postoperative eyesight, intraocular pressure, anterior chamber angle, visual field and cup/disc ratio ( C/D) .
?RESULTS:ln group A, 24 eyes with eyesight declining, 22 eyes with theintraocular pressure>21mmHg (1mmHg=0. 133kPa), 21 eyes with chamber angle synechia >180o, 21 eyes with visual field narrowed, 21 eyes with C/D ratio enlarged. The results of group B for the same items were 10, 5, 4, 4, 4 eyes respectively. The comparative difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05).
?CONCLUSlON:Good effects will be achieved for early-stage chronic angle - closure glaucoma with surgical method. Trabeculectomy is obviously better than LPl for the long-term effects.

ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnoses of somatic diseases of inpatients with psychosis and hospitalized more then 2 years.MethodsThe material of all 350 inpatients were investigated and analyzed.ResultsThe first three psychiatric diagnoses were schizophrenia (61.32%), Alzheimer's disease (15.26%), mood disorder (4.74%). The first three diagnoses of accompanying somatic diseases were heart disease (8.68%), diabetes mellitus (8.42%), and hypertension (4.47%).ConclusionWith the changes of social environment, the disease pedigree of inpatients with psychosis changes, senile patients become more and more, and the incidence of concurrent somatic diseases gradually increases.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) on the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in 5/6 renal ablation model. MethodsAtRA was administered to 5/6 renal ablation rats by three dosages: 5 mg·kg-1·d-1 (n=8), 10 mg·kg-1d-1 (n=8) and 20 mg·kg-1 d-1 (n=8) and vehicle (vehicle group, n=8) for 10 weeks. Healthy rats consisted of shamoperation group (n =8). The level of renin and angiotensin Ⅱ in renal tissues were measured by radioimmunoassary. The level of angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) in remnant renal cortex was measured by Western blot. The mRNA expression levels of two subunits of activative protein 1(AP-1),c-jun and c-fos was quantitated by real-time PCR. ResultsAfter 10 weeks of atRA treatment by gavarge, artery blood pressure decreased (P＜0.05). AtRA reduced the levels of renin (P＜0.05) and angiotensin Ⅱ (P＜0.05) in kidney and down-regulated the expression of AT1R protein in renal cortex. Larger dose of atRA (20 mg·kg-1·d-1) performed higher activity in inhibiting renin and AT1R. Compared with vehicle group, atRA could significantly inhibit the expression of renal c-jun and c-fos mRNA (P＜0.05). Conclusion atRA can decrease the over-expression of main components of RAS.

Objective To evaluate the correlation between the level of CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells in periphend blood and disease severity in patients with sepsis.Methods Thirty-six septic patients and 5healthy controls were enrolled.Septic patients were divided into sepsis group(n=10),severe sepsis group (n=15)and septic shock group(n=11).The lymphocyte was seperated from peripheral blood and marked by PE-CD4 and FTTC-CD25 monoclonal antibody,the level of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells was detected by flow cytometry,and the clinical data of APACHE Ⅱ scores of septic patients was considered in 24 hours.The correlation between level of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in peripheral blood and APACHE Ⅱ scores in septic patients was analyzed.Results Compared with the healthy controls [(5.48±0.98)%],the level of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells in sepsis group(10.31±2.32)%,severe sepsis group(14.27 43.33)%,septic shock group(15.32±3.98)% had a significant increase(P＜0.05 or＜0.01).The log value of regulatory T cells in each group correlated positively with the APACHE Ⅱ scores(r=0.829,P=0.032;r=0.868,P=0.021;r=0.913,P=0.009),and the total coefficient of correlation was 0.903(P=0.013).Conclusion The level of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in peripheral blood in septic patients has an abnormal increase,and their levels are related with the severity of disease.

Animals ; Gallbladder ; physiology ; Rabbits ; Solitary Nucleus ; drug effects ; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone ; pharmacology ; Vagus Nerve ; drug effects ; physiology

AIM:To study the effects of astragali radix extract(ARE)on renal resistance to atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP)in rats with experimental nephrotic syndrome.METHODS:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control,adriamycin nephropathy(ADR),ADR treated with ARE(2.5 g? kg-1? d-1)and ADR treated with benazepril(10 mg? kg-1? d-1).After 6 weeks,rats received intravenous infusion of 2% body weight isotonic saline.Urinary cGMP excretion(UcGMPV),plasma ANP level,renal PDE5 activity and protein expression were also detected.RESULTS:ARE increased UNaV while ACEI was not natriuretic.Nephrotic rats had a blunted natriuretic response and reduced rate of UcGMPV after volume expansion despite higher plasma ANP concentration.ARE increased UcGMPV and restored partly natriuretic response to volume expansion.The activity and protein abundance of renal PDE5 were high in nephrotic rats.ARE significantly reduced the PDE5 activity and protein expression.CONCLUSION:ARE may ameliorate the renal resistance to ANP in rats with adriamycin nephropathy by inhibiting the PDE5.