Cerebral fat embolism syndrome is a rare complication of trauma, and it particularly involves fractures of the long bones. This syndrome may occur in a diverse series of conditions such as diabetes mellitus, acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis, acute fatty cirrhosis, prolonged corticosteroid therapy, lymphography and liposuction. The author reports the CT and MRI findings in a patient with cerebral fat embolism that occurred as a rare complication of postgastrectomy.
Diabetes Mellitus ; Embolism, Fat* ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Lipectomy ; Lymphography ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pancreatitis

PURPOSE: To evaluate the significance of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) for the diagnosis of pyogenic ventriculitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, 9 patients with pyogenic ventricultis underwent a set of imaging sequences that included DWI, T1-and T2-weighted imaging, FLAIR and enhanced T1 weighted imaging. DWI consisted of an axial single shot spin echo EPI pulse sequence with b values of 0 and 1000 sec/mm2. We evaluated the presence and signal intensity of ventricular debris, hydrocephalus, periventricular signal abnormality, and ependymal enhancement. The apparent diffusion coffiecient values of ventricular debris and cortical gray matter were calculated from the ADC map. RESULTS: In all patients, ventricular debris was hyperintense on the DWIs. A periventricular hyperintense signal was present in all cases on FLAIR and T2WI. Ependymal enhancement was detected in eight (89%) of 9 cases. A hydrocephalus was observed in 6 (67%) of 9 cases. The mean ADC value of ventricular debris was 0.735 +/- 0.117 (10(-3) mm2/sec). These ADC values were significantly lower than those for cortical gray matter (1.052 +/- 0.149 (10(-3) mm2/sec)). CONCLUSION: Ventricular debris was most conspicuous finding of ventriculitis on DWI. Areas of intraventricular hyperintensity on DWI corresponded to the decreased ADC values.
Cerebral Ventricles ; Diagnosis* ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Diffusion* ; Encephalitis ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Retrospective Studies

We report a patient with a ruptured vertebral artery (VA) dissecting aneurysm that was treated by internal trapping of the aneurysm and parent artery using detachable coils with subsequent antegrade recanalization of occluded vertebral artery during the follow-up period. A 38-year-old man was admitted with a ruptured right VA dissecting aneurysm just distal to origin of right posterior inferior cerebellar artery. The dissected segment of the VA was occluded by coil embolization. The 14 months follow-up angiography showed that dissected aneurysm was completely occluded, but the parent artery was recanalized in an antegrade fashion. Based on this unique case, the authors suggest that careful angiographic follow-up of dissecting aneurysm is required, even in patients successfully treated with endovascular occlusion of the affected artery and aneurysm.
Adult ; Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, Dissecting ; Angiography ; Arteries ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Parents ; Vertebral Artery

We report the case of a 42- year-old woman with spontaneous, right vertebral arteriovenous fistula associated with neurofibromatosis type 1. The patient presented with neck pain, retroauricular bruit, quadriparesis, and cervical spinal cord compression caused by an enlarged epidural vein. Endovascular treatment using coils and a balloon resulted in successful occlusion of the fistula. At six months post-embolization, the patient had improved significantly and was ambulant with support.
Arteriovenous Fistula ; Female ; Fistula ; Humans ; Neck Pain ; Neurofibromatoses ; Neurofibromatosis 1 ; Quadriplegia ; Spinal Cord Compression ; Veins

Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD) is a fatal disorder characterized by demyelination of the corpus callosum. MRI, suggestive of corpus callosum demyelination with associated white matter involvement in both cerebral hemispheres, indicates a diagnosis of MBD. In this case, MR diffusion-weighted findings taken at an acute stage of MBD revealed lesions not only in the corpus callosum but also in the cerebral cortex. Lower apparent diffusion coefficient values of the corpus callosum and cortical lesions were associated with poor clinical outcome.
Middle Aged ; Male ; Humans ; Demyelinating Diseases/*pathology ; Corpus Callosum/*pathology ; Brain/*pathology ; Alcoholism/complications

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for the differential diagnosis of various intracranial cystic lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 19 patients (13 males, 6 females) with a mean age of 42.5 years. The final histopathological diagnoses for 14 patients were pyogenic brain abscess (n=3), glioblastoma (n=3), ependymoma (n=1), anaplastic astrocytoma (n=1), pilocytic astrocytoma (n=1), hemangioblastoma (n=2), arachnoid cyst (n=1), epidermoid (n=1) and schwannoma (n=1). The other cases of metastasis (n=4) and arachnoid cyst (n=2) were diagnosed on the basis of clinical, laboratory and imaging data. DWI imaging studies were performed with a 1.5 T MR system. A single shot spin echo EPI pulse sequence was applied. B values were set at 0 and 1000 sec/mm2. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were calculated from the ADC map of 10 different cystic brain lesions. Conventional MR imaging included T2WI, T1WI, FLAIR and contrast enhanced T1WI. We analyzed the location, nature, signal intensity on DWI, and the enhancement pattern of the lesions. RESULTS: All of the 3 cases of brain abscess, 1 of 4 cases of metastasis and 1 case of epidermoid showed hyperintensity on DWI. The mean ADC value of brain abscess (2 cases) was less than 1.15 (0.13x10-3 mm2/s). The mean ADC values of the other cystic lesions (8 cases) were variable, ranging from 2.840.66 to 3.100.16 (10-3 mm2/sec). CONCLUSION: DWI and ADC values were useful in the differential diagnosis of various intracranial cystic lesions, but some metastatic tumors may mimic a brain abscess on DWI. Therefore, a clinical correlation is mandatory.
Arachnoid ; Astrocytoma ; Brain ; Brain Abscess ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Diffusion* ; Ependymoma ; Glioblastoma ; Hemangioblastoma ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neurilemmoma

PURPOSE: We wanted to analyze the citation trend and to find a way to improve the impact factor (IF) of the Journal of the Korean Radiological Society (JKRS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The number of articles and references, the total citations and self-citations, the IF and the IF excluding self-citations (ZIF) were described by an analysis of Korean Medical Citation Index (KoMCI) during 2000-2005. The total and self citations of the JKRS were compared to that of the Top 5 journals. RESULTS: There was a 57% decrease of papers for 6 years. The Korean references/paper ranged from 0.98-0.85. The number of total citations received steadily decreased from 394 in 2000 to 180 in 2005. The IF (ZIF) of the JKRS has been gradually lowered from 0.142 (0.049) in 2000 to 0.063 (0.059) in 2005. Although the total citations that cited all papers published/the annual number of papers was 55% of that of the top 5 journals, the total citations citing papers published within the recent two years was only 24% of that of the top 5 journals. CONCLUSION: The citation status of the JKRS hassteadily decreased for the recent 6 years, and the IF of the JKRS was very low among all the Korean medical journals. To improve the IF, active advertising for the journal members of the importance of the IF is needed to encourage citing JKRS papers that have been published within the recent two years.
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The authors present a case of isolated dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) in the transverse sinus, which developed six years after microvascular decompression caused by hemifacial spasm via suboccipital craniectomy. The lesion was successfully treated by transarterial embolization using Onyx. We reviewed the related radiologic and therapeutic features of DAVF involving an isolated sinus and described the feasibility of the use of Onyx.
Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations ; Hemifacial Spasm ; Microvascular Decompression Surgery

We report an extremely rare case of a diffuse hepatic hemangiomatosis without extrahepatic involvement in an adult. The imaging findings of this tumor were similar to those of a hepatic hemangioma and included contrast enhancement with a centripetal filling pattern of the entire hepatic tumor on the delayed phase of a dynamic CT and inhomogeneous diffuse uptake of the entire tumor on blood-pool images obtained five hours later on a 99mTc-labeled red blood cell scan. Despite its rarity, diffuse hepatic hemangiomatosis can be suggested in adult patients with diffusely involved hepatic tumors showing the radiological findings of a hepatic hemangioma.
Adult ; Female ; Gated Blood-Pool Imaging ; Hemangioma/*diagnosis/pathology/ultrasonography ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/*diagnosis/pathology/ultrasonography ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVE: We wanted to evaluate the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for detecting breast tumors, as compared with the T1- and T2-weighted images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-one female patients underwent breast MRI, and this included the T1-, T2-, DWI and dynamic contrast-enhanced images. Sixty-five enhancing lesions were detected on the dynamic contrast-enhanced images and we used this as a reference image for detecting tumor. Fifty-six breast lesions were detected on DWI and the histological diagnoses were as follows: 43 invasive ductal carcinomas, one mucinous carcinoma, one mixed infiltrative and mucinous carcinoma, seven ductal carcinomas in situ (DCIS), and four benign tumors. First, we compared the detectability of breast lesions on DWI with that of the T1- and T2-weighted images. We then compared the ADCs of the malignant and benign breast lesions to the ADCs of the normal fibroglandular tissue. RESULTS: Fifty-six lesions were detected via DWI (detectability of 86.2%). The detectabilities of breast lesions on the T1- and T2-weighted imaging were 61.5% (40/65) and 75.4% (49/65), respectively. The mean ADCs of the invasive ductal carcinoma (0.89 +/- 0.18x10(-3)mm2/second) and DCIS (1.17 +/- 0.18x10(-3)mm2/ second) are significantly lower than those of the benign lesions (1.41 +/- 0.56x10(-3)mm2/second) and the normal fibroglandular tissue (1.51 +/- 0.29x10(-3)mm2/ second). CONCLUSION: DWI has a high sensitivity for detecting breast tumors, and especially for detecting malignant breast tumors. DWI was an effective imaging technique for detecting breast lesions, as compared to using the T1- and T2-weighted images.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/*diagnosis ; Adult ; Aged ; Breast/pathology ; Breast Neoplasms/*diagnosis ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/*diagnosis ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/*diagnosis ; Contrast Media/administration & dosage ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods ; Female ; Gadolinium DTPA/diagnostic use ; Humans ; Image Enhancement/methods ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods ; Middle Aged ; Observer Variation ; Sensitivity and Specificity