Abstruct
  Effective method for the management of information on adverse reactions is not uniformly in place, due to differences among medical facilities.  We have been developing a strategy for the effective management of adverse drug reactions on the transition of clinical records from paper to electronic media.
  We have taken a forward-thinking approach after 4 years identifying each year’s main target, predicted problems and how to address them in every year.  The targets for the four 1-year periods were: enabling the collection and analysis of information on adverse reactions from paper-based clinical records, standardized handling of adverse reactions in situations where paper records are still in use, transition of adverse reaction information to electronic records, and sharing of information on adverse reactions where electronic records are in use.  The Committee on Adverse Events conducted analysis of information on adverse reactions which were collected regardless of seriousness, disseminated useful information to all medical staff, and determined the degree to which each period target was achieved.
  The transition to electronic form of information on adverse reactions achieved 0% success within the target period.  Establishing effective management of adverse reactions will require 5 years, with as yet unresolved issues remaining.  During 5 years, 767 incidents of adverse reactions were reported, 73.1% by physicians, the proportion by nurses increasing from 6.7% to 22.3%.
  Strategic approach will help to establish a effective management of adverse reactions, which contribute to the adequate use of drugs and safety management of patients.

AIMThe objective of this study was to analyze the oral health among Japanese adults, with and without diabetes mellitus.

METHODOLOGYThe subjects were 518 community residents aged 20 to 91 years in Japan, who participated in the "Akita health and nutrition survey" and the "Akita dental disease survey", conducted in 2006. The surveys comprised a self-administered questionnaire, along with medical and dental examinations.

RESULTSUsing the community periodontal index (CPI), the mean numbers of sextants presenting codes 0, 1 and 2 were significantly lower in diabetics than non-diabetics among the 59 years or younger age group. Although the mean numbers of sextants with codes 0, 1 and 2 among the 60 to 69 years age group were lower, and sextants with a code X among the 59 years or younger age group were higher in diabetics than non-diabetics, no statistically significant differences were detected. The tendency of lower mean numbers of natural teeth and functional tooth units in diabetics than non-diabetics was observed, however no differences were statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONThe outcome of periodontal disease seemed to be influenced by the diabetic state to some degree, but a clear association between diabetes and oral health status was not found.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Japan ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Periodontal Index ; Periodontitis ; complications ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tooth Loss ; complications ; Young Adult

Although pharmacy students receive professional education regarding dementia, it is the current state that many pharmacy students cannot learn the countermeasures to treat people with dementia. We conducted the “Otani dementia supporter education lecture” which improved a lecture by Caravan Mate targeting pharmacy students, and subjected the students to a questionnaire survey after the lecture. One hundred and forty-nine students participated and there were most percentages of third grades by 40.9%. After attending the lecture, most of the students opined that one can help a patient with dementia by understanding the patients’ feeling. It was the answer obtained by the lecture for the students to ensure that a pharmacist responds to consultations and requests from their family with a dementia patient. The first information that the students additionally wanted to know about dementia pertained to a method for the early detection of dementia. The results of text mining on the correspondence for patient with dementia showed that categories of “dementia patient,” “correspondence,” “understanding the patients’ feeling,” and “tact,” independently had strong mutual relations. Moreover, the results of text mining on the feedbacks obtained for the lecture showed that categories such as “dementia patient,” “When close person and one were,” “A chance was obtained,” and “correspondence” independently had significant mutual relations. Students who participate in this lecture understand that it is necessary to contact with dementia patients appropriately and feel that there is a need to become a presence that can support dementia patients as a pharmacist in the future. Therefore, this lecture was effective in motivation to correspondence to a person with dementia.

The mortality rate of pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is more than 80% in Japan, which is markedly higher than that in adults. Basic life support (BLS) by bystanders is essential for preventing sudden cardiac death. In the model core curriculum for pharmaceutical education in 2024, students must acquire the ability to ensure public health. As part of our educational policy, pharmacy students provide a workshop on infant BLS. This workshop is incorporated after the PUSH course, an authorized training program for BLS focused on chest compressions and AED use of people over elementary school age, for convenience. We herein investigated whether infant BLS training promoted the comprehension of and motivation to perform BLS for infants and assessed the educational relevance of pharmacy students serving as instructors of the BLS training course. Questionnaire responses were obtained from participants before and after the workshop. The majority of participants were college students and childcare workers. Knowledge of infant BLS by childcare workers was significantly more extensive than that by the other participants; however, overall understanding of infant BLS and the motivation to contribute to it increased irrespective of participant backgrounds. Overall improvement was also observed in the items necessary to implement BLS excluding artificial ventilation even though the instructions were given only by pharmacy students. The present results demonstrate that infant BLS training effectively enhanced public motivation to perform BLS for infants with cardiac arrest.