Objective To investigate the intervention effect of systemic nutrition combined with rhythmic exercise on diabetes and cardiovascular complication risk. Methods Sixty subjects with diabetes history (≥3 years) were selected to receive the combined intervention of systemic nutrition and rhythmic exercise every day for 60 days. Before and after the intervention, the bioelectric body scanning, arteriosclerosis detection, diabetes risk assessment and other techniques were used to examine the 60 participants. Results The blood glucose and blood lipid levels, the activity value of relevant organs, and cardiovascular complications risk related indicators of most subjects after intervention were significantly improved compare with those before intervention. Conclusion The combination of systemic nutrition and rhythmic exercise demonstrates significant effects on improving glucose metabolic level and reducing cardiovascular complication risks in people with abnormal glucose metabolism.