Objective:To investigate the correlation between NKG2A+NK cells and regulatory T cells in peripheral blood of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection, and explore the clinical significances.Methods: Forty-six patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and 17 health individuals were included in this study.HBV DNA levels were measured by Real-time quantitative PCR ( FQ-PCR) .NKG2A+NK cells and Treg in PBMC were quantitatively analyzed by flow cytometry.Results:According to HBV DNA levels,the CHB patients were divided into two groups:Low HBV DNA group(Low viral load group,300-104 U/ml)and High HBV DNA group( High viral load group,105-108 U/ml).We found that ALT levels of High HBV DNA group were obviously higher than Low HBV DNA group(P<0.05).The frequenies of CD56dim NK cells of High HBV DNA group were obviously higher than low HBV DNA group ( P<0.05 ), and similarly the percentages of NKG2A+CD56dim NK cells of High HBV DNA group were significantly higher than Low HBV DNA and control groups ( P<0.05).We also found that the percentages of regulatory T cells ( Treg) of High HBV DNA group were significantly higher than Low HBV DNA and control groups ( P<0.05).In addition,the proportions of NKG2A+CD56dim NK cells were positively correlated with High HBV DNA levels (r=0.59,P<0.05) and the percentages of Treg(r=0.53,P<0.05) in CHB patients.Conclusion:NKG2A+CD56dim NK cells may closely relate to the HBV-related immune escape and the progress of CHB.

Objective: To analyze the base situation and influential factors of late diagnosis among newly identified HIV/AIDS cases in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2015. Methods: Database information of the newly identified HIV/AIDS cases in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2015 were downloaded from the National HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Information System of China's disease prevention and control information system. To analyze the data including basic information, sample source, route of HIV transmission, population mobility, venereal disease, death and first CD4 count; and the number of 7 073 cases were classified according to late diagnosis and non-late diagnosis criteria. The Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influential factors of HIV late diagnosis. Results: A total of 7 073 newly identified HIV/AIDS cases were analyzed, and the mean age was (38.5±15.0) years. The proportion of late diagnosis in all counted cases was 41.7% (2 949/7 073); from 2011 to 2015, the proportions of late diagnosis were 59.7% (485/812), 46.5% (531/1 141), 42.7% (587/1 376), 36.1% (609/1 686), and 35.8% (737/2 058), respectively. Compared with the 0 to 19 years group, the 40 to 59 years group and over 60 years old group have higher risk of late diagnosis (OR=2.68, 95%CI: 1.94-3.71; OR=2.18, 95%CI: 1.53-3.10, respectively). Compared with the high education group, the illiterate and primary school education group have higher risk of late diagnosis (OR=1.74, 95%CI: 1.36-2.22; OR=1.64, 95%CI: 1.34-2.01, respectively). Compared with other sample sources, medical institutions have higher risk of late diagnosis (OR=2.64, 95%CI: 2.28-3.05). Compared with migrant population, the resident population have higher risk of late diagnosis (OR=1.80, 95%CI: 1.53-2.11). Conclusion The proportion of late diagnosis among newly identified HIV/AIDS cases in Anhui province was relatively high from 2011 to 2015. The main risk factors of late diagnosis included cases reported by medical institutions, resident population, over 40 years old age group and low education level.