Objective To explore the apoptosis effect of docetaxel combined gamma knife on hepatoma cell SMMC-7721 subcutaneous xenograft in nude mice.Methods Subcutaneous xenogyaft models were constructed and were divided into two groups:control group and experimental group.The experimental group was treated with docetaxel 60ug/0.3ml once every 3 days for 6 times and gamma irradiation once every other day for 6 times (with indoor temperature of 137Cs radiation source irradiating the tumor and of fractionated schedule 5Gy with the total dose of 10Gy every time).The control group was treated with physiological saline with the same dose of 60 ug/0.3 mL.Tumor growth was observed.Tumor samples were cut 30 days after the treatment and TUNEL was used to detect the apoptosis of tumor cells.Results Tumor growth rate in experimental group significantly slowed down.Apoptotic index in experimental groups was significantly higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05) Cornclusion Docetaxel combined gamma knife can inhibit the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma in nude mice.

Objective:To summarize the evidence on nutritional management for elderly cancer patients domestically and internationally.Methods:Literature on nutritional management of elderly cancer patients was systematically searched on databases and websites such as British Medical Journal (BMJ) Best Practice, UpToDate, Guidelines International Network, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, National Comprehensive Cancer Network and American Cancer Society. The search period was from January 2018 to February 2023. Three researchers evaluated the quality of the included literature, while two researchers extracted and summarized evidence.Results:A total of 10 articles were included, including two clinical decisions, four guidelines, one expert consensus, one evidence summary, and two systematic reviews. A total of 32 pieces of evidence were summarized from three aspects, consisting of nutritional risk screening and assessment, nutritional education or counseling, and nutritional intervention.Conclusions:This study summarizes the best evidence for nutritional management in elderly cancer patients. It is recommended that medical and nursing staff apply evidence based on clinical situations and patient preferences.

Objective:To study the effect of low dose hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on bone mineral density and estrogen level in perimenopausal women with osteoporosis (OP).Methods:A total of 105 perimenopausal OP patients diagnosed and treated in Guangrao County People′s Hospital from March 2019 to May 2020 were selected and divided into the conventional group (51 cases) and the hormone group (54 cases) according to the non-randomized clinical concurrent control study and the principle of patient voluntary. The former group was given conventional drug therapy, while the latter group was given low-dose HRT. Bone mineral density (BMD), bone metabolic markers, endometrial thickness, and hormone levels were compared between the two groups before and after the treatment, and the safety was assessed.Results:After the treatment, bone mineral density values of lumbar L 2 - L 4 and greater trochanter in the hormone group were higher than those in the conventional group: (1.23 ± 0.25) g/cm 2 vs. (1.12 ± 0.27) g/cm 2, (0.62 ± 0.16) g/cm 2 vs. (0.55 ± 0.17) g/cm 2, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). After treatment, the level of bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) in the hormone group was higher than that in the conventional group: (6.71 ± 1.20) μg/L vs.(5.82 ± 1.04) μg/L; the levels of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRACP-5b), osteocalcin (BGP) in the hormone group were lower than those in the conventional group: (501.42 ± 36.66) pg/L vs. (536.63 ± 38.58) pg/L, (75.86 ± 6.39) U/L vs. (79.32 ± 7.13) U/L, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the hormone group were lower than those in the conventional group: (11.23 ± 2.21) U/L vs. (13.31 ± 1.98) U/L, (13.64 ± 3.68) U/L vs. (16.47 ± 4.04) U/L; the level of estradiol (E 2) in the hormone group was higher than that in the conventional group: (98.46 ± 18.34) nmol/L vs. (91.38 ± 17.59) nmol/L, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in endometrial thickness between the two groups before and after the treatment ( P>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of adverse reaction and adverse event ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The application of low-dose HRT in the treatment of perimenopausal OP patients can effectively increase the body mineral density value, improve the level of sex hormone and bone metabolism markers, and do not increase the endometrial thickness, with a higher safety.

Objective To establish normal reference values for left ventricular trabecular and papillary muscle mass(TPMM)in Chinese adults using MRI and to explore its impact factors.Methods A total of 168 healthy Chinese adults were retrospectively included,and compacted and total left ventricular myocardial mass(LVM)were measured using traditional and dedicated methods,respectively.TPMM was calculated from the difference between total and compacted LVM.Independent sample t-tests and analysis of variance were used to explore the differences in TPMM among genders and age groups,while multiple linear regression was used to explore the independent correlation between TPMM and age,gender,heart rate,systolic blood pressure(SBP),fasting blood glucose(FBG),and body mass index(BMI).Results TPMM for men was significantly larger than that for female(P<0.001).TPMM in the elderly group was significantly larger in female(P<0.05),but not in men.Multiple linear regression showed that BMI and SBP were both independently positively correlated with TPMM,and female and heart rate were independently negatively correlated with TPMM(P<0.05).Conclusion This study provides age-and gender-specific normal reference values for TPMM in Chinese adults.Gender,heart rate,BMI,and SBP are all independently associated with TPMM.

Objective: To investigate the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes (hUC-MSC-exo) on the phenotype of peripheral blood macrophages from rabbit autoimmune dry eye and the expression of related cytokines. Methods: The hUC-MSCs were isolated and characterized.Exosomes derived from hUC-MSCs were extracted by ultracentrifugation and observed directly using electronic microscopy.Specific markers of exosomes were analyzed by Western blot.Six rabbits were randomly divided into the normal control group and the dry eye group by using the random number table method, 3 rabbits for each group.Rabbit model of autoimmune dry eye was established in the dry eye group, and the lacrimal glands were collected for quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) at the 8th week.In vitro, activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from rabbit autoimmune dry eye model were incubated with hUC-MSC-exo or phosphate buffered saline (PBS). After 48 hours, cells from the hUC-MSC-exo group and the PBS control group were collected.The mRNA expression levels of related cytokine genes and subpopulation-related marker genes in macrophages were quantified by qRT-PCR.The use and care of the animals complied with Regulations for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.This study protocol was approved by Ethic Committee of Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital (No.TJYY20181217001). Written informed consent was obtained from each family before obtaining umbilical cord. Results: Exosomes derived from hUC-MSCs had typical morphology and specific markers.qRT-PCR results showed that, the relative expression quantity of M1 macrophages phenotypic molecular nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) mRNA and inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) mRNA in the lachrymal organization in the dry eye model group was significantly higher than those in the normal control group (3.06±1.00 vs. 1.00±0.03, 2.77±0.72 vs. 1.01±0.02 and 1.30±0.08 vs. 1.01±0.01, respectively), the relative expression quantity of M2 macrophages phenotypic molecular arginase 1 (Arg1), CD206 and IL-10 mRNA in the lachrymal organization in the dry eye model group was significantly lower than those in the normal control group (0.55±0.07 vs. 1.00±0.00, 0.60±0.13 vs.1.00±0.00, 0.65±0.14 vs. 1.01±0.01, respectively), with significant differences between them (all at P<0.05). In vitro, the relative expression quantity of M1 macrophages phenotypic molecular NOS2 mRNA and inflammatory factor TNF-α, IL-1β mRNA in PBMCs in the hUC-MSC-exo group was significantly lower than those in the PBS control group (0.59±0.08 vs.0.98±0.03, 0.56±0.07 vs. 1.03±0.11, 0.47±0.04 vs.1.00±0.08)(all at P<0.05); the relative expression quantity of M2 macrophages phenotypic molecular Arg1, CD206 mRNA and anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-β, IL-10 and IL-4 mRNA in PBMCs in the hUC-MSC-exo group was significantly higher than those in the PBS control group (2.13±0.28 vs. 1.10±0.17, 1.32±0.03 vs. 1.01±0.06, 1.53±0.20 vs. 1.05±0.10, 1.47±0.08 vs.0.98±0.03, 1.51±0.16 vs. 1.01±0.03), with significant differences between them (all at P<0.05). Conclusions hUC-MSC-exo can polarize peripheral blood macrophages toward immune-suppressive M2-like phenotype, inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β, and meanwhile increase the expression of anti-inflammatory factors IL-10 and TGF-β.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of fixed-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) in the treatment of anteromedial knee osteoarthritis or spontaneous osteonecrosis of the femoral condyle.Methods:Between June 2017 and June 2018, 62 consecutive patients were treated at Department of Joint Surgery, Fuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University for anteromedial knee osteoarthritis or spontaneous osteonecrosis of the femoral condyle using a fixed-bearing UKA system. They were 27 men and 35 women, aged from 58 to 85 years (average, 69.8 years). There were 58 cases of anteromedial knee osteoarthritis and 4 cases of spontaneous osteonecrosis of the femoral condyle. The courses of disease ranged from 2 to 10 years (average, 5.1 years). Medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty was performed for all the patients on the fixation platform SLED. Recorded were the hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA) of the patients 2 days after operation, Oxford knee score (OKS) and American Knee Society score (KSS) at the final follow-up and post-operative complications.Results:The 62 patients were followed up for 9 to 21 months (average, 15.6 months). Tibial plateau fracture occurred in one case who eventually obtained bony union after open reduction and internal fixation. Another case had a wound healing problem which responded to drainage and debridement with prosthesis preservation. Another case presented prepatellar pain which was improved after physical therapy. In the 62 patients, the HKA 2 days after operation (172.27°±1.61°) was significantly improved compared to the preoperative value (177.79°±1.32°), the OKS at the final follow-up (19.8±2.7) significantly lower than the preoperative value (50.2±3.1), and the KSS at the final follow-up (89.7±2.6) significantly higher than the preoperative value (49.6±5.2) (all P<0.05). Follow-ups revealed no cases of joint infection or prosthetic loosening. Conclusion:Fixed-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty can lead to fine short-term outcomes for anteromedial knee osteoarthritis or spontaneous osteonecrosis of the femoral condyle.

Purpose To establish glucose metabolism patterns of Parkinson's disease(PD)at different periods,and to study the changing pattern of target region of interest(ROI)with the period of time,and then explore the relationship between ROIs and cognitive or motor in different periods.Materials and Methods A total of 42 patients with early-stage PD collected from June 2010 to September 2022 in online data from the markers of Parkinson's progression study which included clinical data,and FDG PET imaging was performed at baseline,12,24,36 and 48 months.The data of 8 healthy volunteers were also obtained from the database,and the time range was the same as that of the above-mentioned PD patients.The longitudinal changes of cerebral glucose metabolism in PD patients and the relationship between PD-associated ROI and movement disorder society-sponsored revision of the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale(MDS-UPDRS)score were evaluated.Results PD was relatively reduced activity located in frontal and parietal association areas and relatively increased activity in the cerebellum,the putamen and the cingulate gyrus.In our study of target ROIs over time,FDG uptake in the caudate nucleus,putamen,pallidum,and cerebellum of patients with PD was initially higher than in the normal group,and subsequently decreased.In contrast,the ROI of PD in the anterior cingulate gyrus,posterior cingulate gyrus,the substantia nigra pars compacta and substantia nigra pars reticulata was initially lower than that in healthy controls and subsequently increased.The putamen,pallidum and caudate nucleus metabolic activity showed a positive correlation in 36 month and MDS-UPDRS scores(r=0.659 5,0.678 7,0.716 7,all P<0.05).The caudate nucleus,putamen and pallidum metabolic activity showed a negative correlation in 24 month and baseline(r=-0.541 8,-0.878 9,-0.887 6,all P<0.05).Conclusion We provide 5-year longitudinal data on changes in 18F-FDG imaging outcomes in early PD.In addition,the glucose metabolic activity of caudate nucleus,putamen and globus pallidus are correlated with MDS-UPDRS scores.