Objective: To understand the changing trend of the teaching environment of the elementary and secondary schools in Zhengzhou, and to provide data for further improving the teaching environment of the elementary and secondary schools. Methods: A survey of teaching facilities and teaching aids in 534 secondary and primary schools in Zhengzhou was conducted from 2014 to 2018 by using a stratified random sampling method. Results: Teaching facilities: the qualified rate of the railings in the outer corridor of the teaching building was 88.8% (474), the qualified rate of classroom lighting was 79.6% (425), the qualified rate of the light desk distance was 82.8% (442), and the qualified rate of black plate lights 86.1% (460), the qualified rate of each year was statistically significant ( χ 2=9.97, 23.74, 80.10, 53.33, P <0.05); the qualified rate of classroom area per capita was 52.8% (282), the qualified rate of the outer corridor width of the teaching building was 64.0% (342), the qualified rate of each year showed no statistical difference( χ 2=7.38, 8.71, P >0.05). Teaching ancillary facilities: the proportion of centralized water supply was 65.0% (347), toilet with hand washing facilities was 81.6% (436), these two indicators showed an increasing trend, hand washing facilities in campus was 70.6% (377), showed a decreasing trend, the rate of each year differed significantly( χ 2=88.62, 42.71 , 123.53, P <0.05). Conclusion The overall situation of teaching environment in Zhengzhou primary and secondary schools is relatively good, the qualified rate of most indicators of teaching facilities increased from 2014 to 2018. However, there are still some indicators to be strengthened.

Objective To explore the effects of ADAR1 inducer and inhibitor on cognition and ADAR1 expression of isolated BALB/c mice.Methods Sixty healthy BALB/c mice were divided into 6 groups according to randomized design with 10 animals each group,the gregarious control group (GH),social isolation model group (SI),ADAR1 inducer treated gregarious group (GH+IFN-γ),ADAR1 inhibitor treated gregarious group (GH+EHNA),ADAR1 inducer treated isolation group (SI+IFN-γ) and ADAR1 inhibitor treated isolation group (SI+EHNA).Mice in drug treatment groups were treated with ADAR1 inducer (5.0? 104 U/kg,20 ml/kg,ip) and inhibitor (10 mg/kg,20 ml/kg,ip).Objection recognition test was used to measure cognition.Immunohistochenmistry was used to measure ADARI immunoreactivity and Western blotwas used to measure ADAR1 protein expression.Results In the objection recognition test,the non-spatial discrimination index of mice in SI group (-0.16±0.09) was significantly lower than that of GH group (0.41 ±0.17,P＜0.01),the non-spatial discrimination index of mice in SI+IFN-γ group (0.20±0.09) and in SI+ EHNA group (-0.29±0.12) was higher (P＜0.01) and lower (P＜0.05) than that of the SI group respectively.The immunohistochemistry results showed that the ADAR1 immunoreactivity in hippocampus of mice in SI group (Hilus:(0.013±0.003),CAI:(0.021±0.005)) decreased significantly compared to those of GH group(Hilus:(0.021 ±0.002),(0.047±0.004);both P＜0.05).And GH+IFN-γgroup mice showed increased ADAR1 immunoreactivity obviously in Hilus ((0.013±0.003) vs (0.023±0.004),P＜0.01) and in CA1 ((0.021±0.005) vs (0.040±0.005),P＜0.01) compared with that of SI group,ADAR1 inducer recovered the above abnornal ADAR1 immunoreactivity.Western blot results showed that the ADAR1 protein expression of mice in SI group (0.48 ±0.07) in hippocampus was significantly decreased (P＜0.01) compared to that of GH group (1.00 ±0.00).The level of ADAR1 protein in SI+IFN-γgroup(0.82 ±0.04) increased compared with that of SI group.Conclusions Four weeks of social isolation can reduce the non-spatial cognitive ability of BALB/c mice and decrease the expression of ADAR1 in the hippocampus.The ADAR1 inducers and inhibitors can reverse and aggravate the cognitive impairment caused by social isolation respectively.The related mechanisms may be related to the expression of ADAR1.

Objective:To investigate the effect of adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1) on 5-serotonin-2c receptor in alleviating aggression in socially isolated mice.Methods:Sixty healthy male BALB / c mice aged 21 days were randomly divided into six groups: social isolation group, social control group, ADAR1 inducer social isolation group, ADAR1 inhibitor social isolation group, ADAR1 inducer social control group and ADAR1 inhibitor control group.The mice fed in single cage for 4 weeks were used as social isolation model while the mice fed in group were used as control group.ADAR1 inducer (5.0×10 4 U/kg) and inhibitor (10 mg/kg) were given intraperitoneally to mice in the ADAR1 inducer social isolation group and the ADAR1 inhibitor social isolation group respectively.The aggressive behavior of mice was evaluated by resident-intruder test.The expression of ADAR1 and 5-serotonin-2c receptors in the brain of mice was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Results:The attack latency of social isolation group was significantly lower than that of social control group ((43.15±6.99) s, (542.40±30.50) s; t=15.906, P<0.01), and the latency of attack ((256.70±29.49) s) in the ADAR1 inducer social isolation group was significantly higher than that in the social isolation group ( t=7.046, P<0.01). The latency of attack ((15.25±2.18)s) in the ADAR1 inhibitor social isolation group was significantly lower than that in the social isolation group ( t=3.809, P<0.01). The optical density of ADAR1 immunoreactive cells in the amygdala of the social isolation group mice was significantly lower than that in the corresponding brain area of the social control group (BLA: (0.038±0.002), (0.074±0.004); LaDL: (0.033±0.002), (0.060±0.002); LaVM: (0.045±0.003), (0.073±0.004); Lavl area: (0.044±0.003), (0.070±0.003); t=8.428, 9.037, 6.462, 5.698, all P<0.01). The optical density of ADAR1 immunoreactive positive cells in the amygdala (BLA: (0.060±0.003), LaDL: (0.042±0.002), LaVM: (0.056±0.004), Lavl: (0.054±0.003) in the ADAR1 inducer social isolation group was significantly higher than those in the corresponding brain area of the social isolation group mice ( t=6.055, 2.876, 2.312, 2.492; all P<0.05). The expression of ADAR1 protein and 5-serotonin-2c receptor protein in amygdala of social isolation group were significantly lower than those of social isolation group ( t=11.37, 12.65; P<0.01). The expression of ADAR1 protein and 5-serotonin-2c receptor protein in the amygdala of the ADAR1 inducer social isolation group were significantly higher than those of the social isolation group ( t=3.02, 4.401; P<0.05). Conclusion:ADAR1 inducer alleviates the aggressive behavior of social isolated BALB / c mice by enhancing the protein expression of 5-serotonin-2c receptor in the amygdala of social isolated BALB/c mice.

Objective:To explore whether thyroxine (T 4) could promote differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) progression by binding to integrin α vβ 3in vitro and its downstream mechanism. Methods:Papillary thyroid cancer cell lines TPC-1, K1 and follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) cell line FTC133 were cultured in vitro, and the expressions of integrin α vβ 3 in those 3 DTC cell lines were determined with immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis. After the treatment of T 4, tetraiodo thyroacetic acid (Tetrac) and Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide alone or in combination, the proliferation and metastatic potential of DTC cell lines were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), Transwell migration and invasion assays. The small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection was used to verify whether integrin α v or β 3 subunit knockdown could reverse the effect of T 4 on DTC cells. The expression levels of downstream signaling proteins phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK)1/2 and total extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 were detected by Western blot. The effects of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)1/2 inhibitor (GSK1120212) on the proliferation, migration and invasion of T 4-treated cells were detected. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey test were used for data analysis. Results:The integrin α vβ 3 expressions in TPC-1, K1 and FTC133 cells were all positive, with the relative mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of 61.93±18.61, 16.89±2.43 and 32.36±0.83, and the percentages of positive cells of (94.38±1.30)%, (74.11±3.87)% and (50.67±1.78)%, respectively ( F values: 13.36 and 217.30, P=0.006 and P<0.001). Compared with control group, the proliferation, migration and invasion in the three DTC cell lines treated with T 4 were significantly enhanced (96 h, F values: 62.67-297.50, q values: 13.15-20.73, all P<0.001). T 4-induced cell proliferation, migration and invasion were markedly reversed by Tetrac or RGD (96 h, q values: 8.61-17.54, all P<0.001). T 4-induced cell proliferation, migration and invasion were also significantly inhibited by the knockdown of integrin α v or β 3 subunit (72 h, F values: 7.75-70.98, q values: 4.77-15.21, all P<0.05). Western blot results showed that the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 in DTC cells were significantly increased by T 4 treatment, and the T 4-induced activation of ERK1/2 signaling pathway could be blocked by Tetrac, RGD, integrin α v or β 3 subunit knockdown. T 4-induced cell proliferation, migration and invasion were significantly reversed by GSK1120212 (96 h, F values: 47.53-151.40, q values: 10.32-16.65, all P<0.001). Conclusion:T 4 can promote cell proliferation and metastasis of DTC cells by binding to integrin α vβ 3 and activating the ERK1/2 pathway.

Objective:To construct and validate a predictive model of fecal/urinary incontinence among older adults in China.Methods:Data was obtained from the Seventh Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey in 2018.In the questionnaire, "Are you able to control your bowel and urine" , was regarded as the main effect indicator.Receiver operating curves(ROC)were used to find the best cut-off values of calf circumference for predicting fecal/urinary incontinence, and univariate Logistic model method was used to explore the potential factors associated with fecal/urinary incontinence among community-living older adults in China.A random sampling method was used to extract 70% of the survey data as the training set, and the remaining 30% of the survey data as the test set.A multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted in the training set to build a prediction model that encompassed all predictors, and a nomogram was plotted.Results:Logistic regression analysis showed that age, small calf circumference(male <28.5 cm, female <26.5 cm), inability to walk 1 km continuously, inability to lift 5 kg items, inability to do three consecutive squats, limited daily activities, and a history of urinary system disorders, nervous system disorders, and cerebrovascular disorders were all risk factors for fecal/urinary incontinence for older adults in China.Female, better socioeconomic status, and normal body mass index were protective factors for fecal/urinary incontinence.The Logistic regression model for predicting fecal/urinary incontinence among Chinese older adults was constructed using the above twelve factors.The consistency index(C-index)value of the model was 0.907, indicating that the model had good predictive ability.The area under the ROC curve(AUC)of the overall sample, training set and test set were 0.906(95% CI: 0.896-0.917), 0.907(95 % CI: 0.894-0.921)and 0.910(95% CI: 0.892-0.928), respectively, indicating that the model had high prediction ability and good discrimination. Conclusions:Age, sex, calf circumference, ability to walk 1 km continuously, ability to lift 5 kg items, ability to do three consecutive squats, daily activities, history of urinary system disorders, nervous system disorders and cerebrovascular disorders, socioeconomic status, and body mass index were independent predictors for fecal/urinary incontinence among older adults in China.The nomogram based on the above indicators has a good predictive effect on fecal/urinary incontinence for older adults.

Objective To establish normal reference values for left ventricular trabecular and papillary muscle mass(TPMM)in Chinese adults using MRI and to explore its impact factors.Methods A total of 168 healthy Chinese adults were retrospectively included,and compacted and total left ventricular myocardial mass(LVM)were measured using traditional and dedicated methods,respectively.TPMM was calculated from the difference between total and compacted LVM.Independent sample t-tests and analysis of variance were used to explore the differences in TPMM among genders and age groups,while multiple linear regression was used to explore the independent correlation between TPMM and age,gender,heart rate,systolic blood pressure(SBP),fasting blood glucose(FBG),and body mass index(BMI).Results TPMM for men was significantly larger than that for female(P<0.001).TPMM in the elderly group was significantly larger in female(P<0.05),but not in men.Multiple linear regression showed that BMI and SBP were both independently positively correlated with TPMM,and female and heart rate were independently negatively correlated with TPMM(P<0.05).Conclusion This study provides age-and gender-specific normal reference values for TPMM in Chinese adults.Gender,heart rate,BMI,and SBP are all independently associated with TPMM.