Objective To investigate the application of microemulsion thin layer chromatography (TLC) for separation and identification of various active components in Xinnaomaitong capsule .Methods The all-grass of Bluecalyx japanese rabo-dosia,rootof Puerarialobata,rootandrhizomeof Salviamiltiorrhiza,rhizomeof LigusticumchuanxionginXinnaomaitong capsule were separated and identified simultaneously with the polyamide film as stationary phase and the microemulsion as mo-bile phases .Different factors ,such as the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) ,oil phase and water phase which effect on the separa-tion of the components were evaluated .Results The all-grass of Bluecalyx japanese rabodosia ,root of Pueraria lobata ,root andrhizomeof Salviamiltiorrhiza,rhizomeof LigusticumchuanxionginXinnaomaitongcapsulewereseparatedandidentified simultaneously with mobile phase of microemulsion∶formic acid∶acetone (5∶1∶1) .The constituent of microemulsion was SDS∶butyl alcohol∶n-Heptane∶water = 6 .7∶15 .8∶2 .5∶75 .0 (g/g) .The spots were clear ,the negative control was no interference ,and it showed an ideal separation .Conclusion Microemulsion TLC is simple ,accurate ,and reproducible .It can identify a variety of active components in traditional Chinese medicine simultaneously .