39 healthy volunteers were experimentally inoculated with Plasmodium vivax from Guangxi by mosquito bite, and 32 of them were successfully infected. 25 of the infected volunteers (78.1%) had a short incubation period (mean: 16.4 days) prior to the onset of malaria attack, while seven individuals had long-term incubation period of 238 to 314 days (mean: 274.7?29.3 days). Relapses occurred in all cases with short-term incubation period after a long latency without exception; most of them had l to 2 relapses, some, 3 relapses. Among the seven cases with long incubation period, only one relapse occurred in five, and the remaining two had no relapse at all. It was shown that although Guangxi was situated in subtropical zone, Plasmodium vivax there was characteristie of the temperate zone type. A comparison of Plasmodium vivax from Guangxi with those from south Yunnan and Henan suggested that they differ in the composition of sporozoite subpopulations classified arbitrarily according to the duration of development of bradysporozoites in hepatic cells.

Objective idiopathic hemothorax .Methods 46 patients wifh idiopathic hemothorax To explore the treatment method of were first closed thoracic drainage catheter ,of which 12 patients underwent emergency explor-atory thoracotomy,with video-assisted thoracic surgery in 10 cases,non-surgical treatment of 24 cases.Results 46 patients were cured without complications ,were followed up 3 months to 5 years.without recurrence .Conclusion Idi-opathic hemothorax once diagnosed , treatment principles that should be placed closed thoracic drainage , and timely surgical treatment,especially video-assisted thoracic surgery ,patients can reduce the amount of blood transfusion ,ef-fective,less invasive,faster recovery,less bleeding,the patient easy to accept .

ObjectiveTo determine whether the β2-agonist, clenbuterol, can improve recovery of locomotor function following spinal cord injury.MethodsThe spinal cords of rats were contused with a weight-drop apparatus similar to the NYU impactor at the lever of T10. Locomotor function was determined with the Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan (BBB) Scale. Following 6 weeks of behavioral evaluation, the spinal cords were received histological examination.ResultsClenbuterol improved the recovery of locomotor function and increased the amount of spared spinal cord tissue.ConclusionClenbuterol caused the enhancement of recovery of locomotor function and spared spinal cord tissue following contusion.

Antibiotics producing strains(92Actinomycetes, 42Penicillium chrysogenum) stored in Soil for 36 to 38years,about 83% were viable,the ability producing penicillin was maintained We believe it is effective for Culture Collection to preserve antibiotics producing strains by soil

The enantiomers separation of thirteen drugs collected in Ch.P2010 was performed on chiral stationary phase of cellulose ramification (chiralpak OD and chiralpak OJ) by high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods,which included ibuprofen (Cl),ketoprofen (C2),nitrendipine (C3),nimodipine (C4),felodipine (C5),omeprazole (C6),praziquantel (C7),propranolol hydrochloride (C8),atenolol (C9),sulpiride (C10),clenbuterol hydrochloride (C11),verapamil hydrochloride (C12),and chlorphenamine maleate (C13).The mobile phase consisted of isopropanol and n-hexane.The detection wavelength was set at 254 nm and the flow rate was 0.7 mL/min.The enantiomers separation of these thirteen racemates on chiralpak OD column and chiralpak OJ column was studied,while the effects of proportion of organic additives,alcohol displacer and temperature on the separation were studied.And the mechanism of some of racemates was discussed.The results indicated that thirteen chiral drugs could be separated on chiral stationary phase of cellulose ramification in normal phase chromatographic system.The chromatographic retention and resolution of enantiomers could be adjusted by factors including column temperature and the concentration of alcohol displacer and organic alkaline modifier in mobile phase.It was shown that the resolution was improved with reducing concentration of alcohol displacer.When concentration of organic alkaline modifier was 0.2％ (v/v),the resolution and the peak shape were fairly good.Most racemates mentioned above had better resolution at column temperature of 25 ℃.When racemates were separated,the temperature should be kept so as to obtain stable separation results.

Objective:To explore the possible pharmacodynamic material basis and mechanism of Shaogan Fuzi Decoction in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis through ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS/MS) combined with network pharmacology and molecular docking method.Methods:The blood components of Shaogan Fuzi Decoction were analyzed by UPLC-HRMS/MS; the targets of blood components in Shaogan Fuzi Decoction were predicted by PubChem database and Swiss Target Prediction database; DrugBank database, Therapeutic Target Database (TTD) and GeneCards database were used to screen rheumatoid arthritis-related targets, and Venn map of common targets was obtained; the protein interaction network was constructed by STRING database, and the key targets and key components were screened; GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed by DAVID 6.8 database; the "blood component-target-pathway" network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.2.1 software; Autodock software was used to verify the molecular docking between the predicted key components and key targets in the network.Results:Totally 26 blood components of Shaogan Fuzi Decoction, 526 related targets, 478 related targets of rheumatoid arthritis, and 111 common targets were obtained; the key components such as tangeretin, kaempferol, glycyrrhetinic acid, liquiritigenin, quillaic acid and glabrolide were screened, which acted on key targets such as TNF, IL6, VEGFA, PTGS2, JUN and PPARG. They were mainly involved inflammatory response, steroid metabolic process, response to lipopolysaccharide, extracellular region, cytoplasm, RNA polymerase Ⅱ transcription factor activity, steroid bindingand other biological processes. It mainly regulated steroid hormone biosynthesis, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, apoptosis, IL-17 signaling pathway, rheumatoid arthritisand other signaling pathways. Molecular docking results showed that the key components had good binding activity with key targets.Conclusion:Shaogan Fuzi Decoction may act on TNF, IL6, VEGFA, PTGS2, JUN, PPARG and other targets through tangeretin, kaempferol, glycyrrhetinic acid and other blood components to regulate PI3K-Akt and other signaling pathways, inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis, reducing inflammation, to treat rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Qiwei Zhigan prescription on two classic animal models of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).Methods Methionine-choline-deficient(MCD)rat model and choline-deficient,L-amino acid-defined,high-fat and high cholesterol diet(CDAHFHC)mouse model were used.48 rats and 96 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups:control group,model group,Qiwei Zhigan prescription group(low,medium and high dose group),positive drug group.After 2 weeks of modeling,the drugs were administrated continuously for 28 days.The efficacy of Qiwei Zhigan prescription in the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis was evaluated by detecting the serum liver function,blood lipid biochemical index and liver tissue lipid levels of each group of animals,as well as by evaluating the liver histopathological changes.Results The gross anatomical morphology of the liver was improved by Qiwei Zhigan after oral administration of clinical equivalent dose or higher doses in two experimental animal models.The liver weight and liver index of NASH mice were reduced by the prescription.The levels of ALT,ALP and LDH in serum of NASH rats were decreased,and the level of HDL was increased.The levels of ALT,AST,TBIL,ALP,LDH and TG in serum of NASH mice were decreased,and the content of TG in liver was also decreased.The pathological damage of liver tissue was ameliorated,the inflammation of liver tissue was reduced,as well as the degree of ballooning of liver cells and the NAS score of the liver,and there was a certain dose-effect relationship between the groups;the proliferation of collagen fibers in the hepatic lobules and around the portal area of NASH mice was significantly reduced;the density of positive cells labeled by F4/80 was decreased,and the activation of Kupffer cells was alleviated.Conclusion Qiwei Zhigan prescription could effectively ameliorate the progression of two classic NASH models,and decrease the development trend from liver inflammation to liver fibrosis in NASH.

Objective:To observe the effects of moxibustion on the levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD)and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)in the plasma and spleen and the CD4+T-cell number in the spleen of rats with adjuvant arthritis,thus to explore the mechanism in rheumatoid arthritis(RA)treatment with moxibustion by regulating the CD4+T-cell proliferation through G6PD-mediated pentose phosphate pathway. Methods:Twenty-seven male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a blank group,a model group,and a moxibustion group,with 9 rats in each group.Incomplete Freund's adjuvant was used to induce inflammation in the model group and the moxibustion group.The blank group and the model group were not intervened.In the moxibustion group,suspended moxibustion was performed at bilateral Zusanli(ST36),Guanyuan(CV4),and Ashi points for 30 min,once a day for 24 times in total.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to evaluate the histopathological changes of rat synovial tissue;the swelling degree of the rat toes was observed by measuring the toe volume;G6PD and NADPH in the spleen and plasma were detected by Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Flow cytometry was used to detect the CD4+T-cell number in the spleen. Results:Compared with the blank group,the levels of G6PD and NADPH in the plasma and spleen and the CD4+T-cell number in the spleen were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the NADPH level in the spleen and plasma and the CD4+T-cell number in the spleen in the moxibustion group decreased significantly(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the G6PD level in the plasma decreased significantly(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the G6PD level in the spleen(P>0.05). Conclusion:Moxibustion can regulate immunity and improve joint synovial inflammation in RA.The mechanism may be that the G6PD-mediated pentose phosphate pathway reduces the production of metabolite NAPDH in CD4+T cells,thereby inhibiting the proliferation of naive CD4+T cells.

OBJECTIVETo analyze mutations of IDUA gene in two pedigrees affected with mucopolysaccharidosis type I and provide prenatal diagnosis for them.

METHODSThe 14 exons of the IDUA gene were subjected to PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing.

RESULTSFor pedigree 1, the proband was found to harbor compound heterozygous mutations c.46-57delTCGCTCCTGGCC (p.Ser16_Ala19del) of exon 1 and c.1147delC (p.Arg383Alafs*57) of exon 8 of the IDUA gene, which were inherited from his father and mother, respectively. The latter was unreported previously. Prenatal diagnosis suggested that the fetus has carried a heterozygous c.46-57delTCGCTCCTGGCC mutation. For family 2, the proband was also found to carry compound mutations of the IDUA gene, namely c.721T to C (p.Cys241Arg) of exon 6 and c.1491delG (p.Thr497fs27) of exon 8, which were inherited from her mother and father, respectively. Neither mutation was reported previously. Prenatal diagnosis suggested that the fetus has carried a heterozygous c.721T to C mutation.

CONCLUSIONMutations of the IDUA gene probably underlie the MPS-I in both pedigrees. Above results have enriched the spectrum of IDUA gene mutations and facilitated prenatal diagnosis for both families.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; Fetal Diseases ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Iduronidase ; genetics ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mucopolysaccharidosis I ; diagnosis ; embryology ; genetics ; Pedigree ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Sequence Deletion

OBJECTIVETo detect potential mutation of iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) gene in a family affected with mucopolysaccharidosis type Ⅱ (MPS Ⅱ).

METHODSFor the proband and his unaffected mother, the whole coding sequence of the IDS gene was analyzed with PCR and bidirectional Sanger sequencing.

RESULTSA novel splicing mutation, c.709-1G>A, was detected in the proband, for which his mother was heterozygous.

CONCLUSIONThe c.709-1G>A splicing mutation of the IDS gene is probably causative for the MSP Ⅱ in the proband. Prenatal diagnosis for the mutation may avoid birth of further child affected with this disease.

Base Sequence ; Child ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; methods ; Family Health ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Glycoproteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Iduronate Sulfatase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Mothers ; Mucopolysaccharidosis II ; diagnosis ; enzymology ; genetics ; Mutation