Objective Measure the epicondyles of the distal femur on magnetic resonance image(MRI), in order to locate presicely the surgical transepicondylar axis(STEA) in total knee arthroplasty(TKA) and to provide theoretical basis for the designing of the size of the femoral component. Methods Totally 78 normal knees of Chinese individuals were studied. The images of coronal, sagittal and traverse sections of the knee were obtained by magnetic resonance image. Measurement included the width of the STEA, distance between the epicondyles and the joint line, anterior posterior width of the medial and lateral epicondyles, posterior condyle angle. Results The width of the STEA averaged(79.55±4.90)mm in males, and femles(71.18±4.22)mm. The distance from the epicondyles to the joint line was correlated with the width of the STEA, so was the anterior posterior width of epicondyles. PCA averaged(4.22±2.07)°. Conclusion The size of the epicondyles in Chinese is significantly smaller than that of the Westerns. The ratio between anterior posterior width of the medial epicondyle and the width of the STEA is 0.84, and is 0.87 between anterior posterior width of the lateral epicondyle and the width of the STEA. The distance from the epicondyles to the joint line is helpful to locate the STEA. The reliability is poor to locate the STEA by touch or PCL.

Objective To explore the influence of early comprehensive nursing intervention on physical and mental development in children with high risk of cerebral palsy.Methods 150 children with high risk of cerebral palsy who were treated in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) of Xinxiang central hospital were randomly divided into two groups.78 cases in the intervention group received early comprehensive nursing intervention,including functional training combined with medication and physical treatment method.At the same time,their parents received systematic training and participated in the intervention till the babies reached 2 years old.72 cases in the routine group were given conventional baby care.74 termfor-age neonates who were born in our department of maternity in the same period were selected as the control group,which received conventional baby care.The infants of the routine care group received only conventional baby care.The physical development of the weight,length and head circumference and intelligence of three groups were checked at the age of six months,one year and two years.Results M the age of six months,one and two years old,the physical development were higher significantly in the intervention group than those in the routine group,and had not evident difference with the control group.The mental development index (MDI) of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group at the 6 months,had no obvious difference with the control group at one year old,and was great higher than that of the control group.At the sixth month and one year phychomotor development index (PDI) of the intervention group had no difference with that of the control group,and at two years old were higher than that in the control group.The incidence of the phychomotor development retardment and the cerebral palsy in the intervention group was lower than that in the routine group.Conclusions Early nursing intervention is beneficial to the development of the physical and intelligent development of children with high risk of cerebral palsy.

One of critical technologies in a non-invasive positive airway pressure respirator is to output the airflow for meeting the requirement of respiratory patient in breath. In order to develop a safe and reliable blower driving system, a circuit based on the special chips MC33035 and MC33039 was designed. The linear relationship between the input control voltage and the output air flow was achieved. This designed circuit will be embedded in the non-invasive ventilator system as a module. And based on this circuit, the secure and controllable ventilation flow can be performed.
Humans ; Lung ; Respiration ; Ventilators, Mechanical

Objective To investigate the characteristics of patients with non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P),and to provide the basis for the treatment.Methods 1435 cases of NSCL/P were collected from January 2012 to December 2014.Characteristics of the gender,type and side,blood type,associated malformation,genetic history of the patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results In the 1435 cases,397 cases (27.67％) presented with cleft lip,655 cases (45.64％) with cleft palate,and 383 cases (26.68％) with cleft lip and palate.801 (55.82％) were male,and 634 (44.18％) were female.In cleft lip,male 60.20％ (n=239) were more than female 39.80％ (n=158);left side was 57.43％ (n=228) more than right 27.96％ (n=111) and the right were more than bilateral 14.61％ (n=58).In cleft lip and palate,male 78.33％ (n=300) were more than female 21.67％ (n=83),left 41.51％ (n=159) were more than right 28.20％ (n=108) and bilateral 30.29％ (n=116).In cleft palate,female 60.00％ (n=393) were more than male 40.00％ (n=262).Blood type AB with cleft lip (28/369) were higher than ones with cleft palate (28/627).All of the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).5.09 ％ (n =73) patients with malformation were found out of 1435 cases.The patients with congenital heart disease (n=36,2.51％) was the largest number of total deformity.Conclusions In patients with cleft lip,male is more than female;left side is more than right;unilateral clefts are higher that bilateral ones.In cleft lipand palate,male were more than female,left side were higher.In cleft palate,female were more than male.Blood type AB with cleft lip is higher than that of cleft palate.

AIM: To investigate the effect of diammonium gycyrrhizinate (Ganlixin) against liver fibrosis through preventing lipid peroxidation and regulating interstitial collagenase activity. METHODS: The liver fibrotic model was induced through subcutaneous injection of CCl_4 and the feeding with high fat and low protein in rats. Diammonium gycyrrhizinate was administered (70 mg/kg rat BW). Hepatic inflammation and collagen were observed with H-E and Sirius red staining. The liver function including serum ALT, AST activity, Alb and total bilirubin levels were determined. The hepatic lipid peroxidation including SOD and GSH-Px activities, MDA and GSH content were also measured. Hepatic hydroxyproline (Hyp) content was detected with Jamall's method. The activity of interstitial collagenase in liver was assayed by the reaction with [3H] labeled type I collagen, and the gene expression of ?1(Ⅰ) pro-collagen was analyzed by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The model rats had remarkable inflammatory necrosis, collagen accumulation and fibrosis at liver, while the diammonium gycyrrhizinate treated group showed slighter hepatic injury and collagen deposition, and the much better liver function than the model. The diammonium gycyrrhizinate-treated group had lower levels of hepatic MDA, Hyp and ?1 (Ⅰ) pro-collagen mRNA expression than those in the model group, but had higher levels of interstitial collagenase activity, GSH content, SOD and GSH-Px activity than those in the model group. CONCLUSION: Diammonium gycyrrhizinate has a good effect against liver fibrosis, which may be related to the prevention from lipid peroxidation and improvement of interstitial collagenase activity in fibrotic livers.

Objective To identify the risk factors for positive resection residues after endoscopic submucosal dissection ( ESD ) of early esophageal squamous carcinomas and precancerous lesions. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 315 patients with early esophageal squamous cancer and precancerous lesion who underwent ESD. The pathological features of all resection margins in the specimen and the follow?up outcome of the patients with positive resection margin were evaluated. Univariate and multi?variate analysis were used to determine the risk factors for resection margin residues after ESD. Results In 315 lesions,there were 290 lesions with negative resection margins and 25 with positive resection margins.The number of lesions with positive lateral, basal, or both resection margins was 13, 8, and 4, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the depth of invasion( submucosal layer invasion, P=0?048) was the only independent risk factor for positive basal resection margin. The proportion of circumferential extension (≥3/4,P=0?014) and the depth of invasion( exceeding muscularis mucosa, P=0?007) were independent risk factors for positive lateral resection margin. Conclusion The diameter of the lesions and the depth of tumor invasion are independent risk factors for esophageal ESD positive resection margins. Accurate evaluation of lesion extension and invasive depth is critical to avoid residual or recurrent tumor after esophageal ESD.

Objective To investigate the molecular size distribution and the structure of group B me-ningococcal capsular polysaccharides for the development of vaccines .Methods The molecular size distribution of group B meningococcal capsular polysaccharides was analyzed by chromatography on a Sepharose CL -4B col-umn.The molecular weight of repeat units were measured by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).The structural characteristics of group B meningococcal capsular polysaccharides were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance ( NMR) based on the chemical shift of all charac-teristic protons by using group C meningococcal capsular polysaccharides and sialic acid as the controls .Results The KD value of group B meningococcal capsular polysaccharides extracted from 15 strains were ranged from 0.60 to 0.76.The molecular weight of repeat units was 284, which was identical to the theoretical value .The group B meningococcal capsular polysaccharides were 2→8 linked homopolymers of sialic acid lacking O-acetyl groups.Conclusion The group B meningococcal capsular polysaccharides had lower molecular weights , which might result in their poor immunogenicity .The structure of group B meningococcal capsular polysaccharides could be quickly and accurately analyzed by NMR technology .

Predicting the protein binding rate of drugs in plasma is helpful to us in understanding the pharmacokinetic characteristics of drugs, with much value of reference for early research on drug discovery. In this study, plasma protein binding rate information of 2 452 clinical drugs were collected.Two pieces of software, Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) and Mordred, were used to calculate molecular descriptors, which were used as input features of the model.Extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm and random forest (RF) algorithm were then used to build a machine learning model.The results showed that, compared with MOE, the prediction performance of the constructed model was better using the molecular descriptor calculated by Mordred as the input of the model.The prediction performance results of the model constructed using the XGBoost algorithm and the RF algorithm were similar, and the R2 of the optimal model were both 0.715.According to the research results, it can be concluded that the drug plasma protein binding rate is closely related to some physical and chemical properties of the drug molecule, such as water solubility, octanol/water partition coefficient and conjugated double bonds.Using these parameters to predict the plasma protein binding rate of drugs has the advantages of convenience and efficiency, which can provide reference for related pharmacokinetic studies.

Objective: To explore how to select osteotomy line and its significance in mandibular distraction osteogenesis in infants and young children. Methods: From May 2013 to July 2018, 208 infants and young children with mandibular deformity were admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, including 131 males and 77 females, with the age range of 8 days to 4 years, mean age of 6 months. Their clinical records were retrospectively analyzed. There were 162 cases of Robin sequence, 37 cases of the first and branchial arch anomalies, 2 cases of Treacher-Collins syndrome, and 7 cases of other congenital malformations. During the distraction osteogenesis, different osteotomy lines were selected according to the characteristics of the mandibular deformity: (1) For short mandibular body, the straight osteotomy line was used to extend the mandibular body. (2) For short mandibular ramus, a polygonal osteotomy line was used to extend the ramus. (3) For the increased mandibular angle, a curved osteotomy line was used to change the angulation. Results: Linear osteotomy was used in 38 patients, polygonal line osteotomy were used in 129 patients, and curved osteotomy was performed in 41 patients. Among them, 4 patients with linear osteotomy had deciduous embryo injury, 6 patients with linear osteotomy and 2 patients with polygonal osteotomy had open occlusion, and patients with curved osteotomy did not have tooth and mandible damage, or malocclusion. All patients were followed up for 3 months to 5 years. The average follow-up time was 6.2 months. All osteotomy healed well, without osteonecrosis or nonunion. Conclusions For the mandibular distraction osteogenesis, osteotomy line could be individualized, according to the characteristics of mandibular deformity of infants and young children, which can reduce complications such as dental damage and open occlusion.

The cancer-associated systemic inflammatory response is one of the critical indicators of tumor progression. Serum systemic inflammatory markers, such as neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte-monocyte ratio, systemic inflammation score, Glasgow prognostic score, prognostic nutritional index, C-reactive protein-albumin ratio, lymphocyte-C-reactive protein ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio, are associated with the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) . Further research of the prognostic value of inflammatory marks in CRC can provide help for the prognosis of CRC.