Background: Mature T-cell and natural killer (NK)-cell lymphomas compose a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkinlymphomas, and extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL) is an aggressive subtype with sporadic CD30expression. However, the significance of CD30 expression in ENKTL is controversial. We aimed to classify a large cohortof patients with mature T-cell and NK-cell lymphomas according to the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classificationguidelines and to study the association between CD30 expression and prognosis of patients with ENKTL.Methods: We selected consecutive patients with mature T-cell and NK-cell lymphomas who attended our institutionbetween September 1, 2009 and August 31, 2013. We classified the lymphomas according to the 2016 revision of theWHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms, analyzed the associations between CD30 expression and clinicopathologicfeatures of ENKTL patients, and evaluated the prognostic implications of CD30 expression.Results: We identified 622 consecutive patients with mature T-cell and NK-cell lymphomas, including 317 (51.0%)patients with ENKTL. In addition, CD30 expression was detected in 43 (47.3%) of a subset of 91 patients with ENKTL.No clinicopathologic features were associated with CD30 expression, and CD30 positivity showed no prognosticsignificance in patients with ENKTL.Conclusions: ENKTL is the most common type of mature T-cell and NK-cell lymphoma diagnosed at our institution.CD30 is frequently expressed in ENKTL and represents a therapeutic target; however, it may not be a prognosticmarker.

0.05).In control group,Cx43 expression was 11.92?1.26,significantly lower than that of the preoperative value(P

AIM: To investigate the effect of ischemic preconditioning (IP) on myocardial Bcl-2 expression and mitochondrial structure during heart valve replacement surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass. METHODS: Fifty-four patients were prospectively randomized to receive or not ischemic preconditioning (IP) before cold cardioplegic arrest. Ischemic preconditioning in the IP patients (n=22) was induced by a single 2-min ischemia followed by 3-min reperfusion just before aortic clamping and cold crystalloid cardioplegia for myocardial protection. The control group (n=32) received no ischemic preconditioning before cold cardioplegic arrest. The levels of ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening(FS) and stroke volume (SV) in both groups were measured and compared. troponin T (c-TnT) level, Bcl-2 protein expression and microscopic changes of myocardial mitochondrial structure were recorded for each group before and after surgery. RESULTS: The level of EF, FS and SV in IP group was higher than those in control group (P<0.05). No significant difference in preoperative c-TnT levels between two groups was observed. The level of c-TnT in IP group was lower than that in control group and with a declining trend over time of 6 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 5 d after surgery, respectively. The preoperative positive unit of Bcl-2 expression between two groups showed no statistical difference (P> 0.05). Postoperatively, the positive unit of Bcl-2 expression in IP group was 19.85±5.88, significantly increased as compared to the preoperative value (P<0.05). In control group, the positive unit of Bcl-2 expression was 14.17±3.39, showed no statistically significant difference to the preoperative value (P>0.05). Postoperative Bcl-2 expression between two groups showed a significant difference (P<0.05). In the control group, microscopic observation revealed swollen mitochondrion, with a hardly visible or disrupted membrane for some mitochondrion;mitochondrial crista were obviously dissolved and loose with a large number of vacuoles formation. However in IP group, myocardial mitochondrion appeared with intact membrane, concentrated mitochondrial cristae with high electron density and no vacuoles formation was observed. CONCLUSION: IP may up-regulate the expression of myocardial anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 to protect the mitochondrion, thus protecting cardiocytes and cardiac functions.

Objective:To evaluate the association between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity ( ba-PWV) and metabolic syndrome ( MetS) among the Chinese elderly and the gender difference .Methods:We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study in a representative urban area of Beijing , China. A sample of 2 102 community elderly (848 males, and 1 254 females) aged 60 to 95 years were included in the study .MetS was defined according to the 2009 harmonizing definition .Results:The prevalence of MetS was 59.1% (50.1% in males and 65.2% in females, P<0.001).The baPWV value was be-tween 8.2 to 45.6 (20.0 ±4.4) m/s, and showed an increasing trend with age (P<0.001).The par-tial correlation showed baPWV was positively associated with BMI (r =0.076, P =0.037), systolic blood pressure (r=0.380, P<0.001), diastolic blood pressure (r=0.276, P<0.001), triglyceride (r=0.040, P=0.046), fasting blood glucose (r=0.140, P<0.001), 2-hour post-meal blood glu-cose (r=0.121, P<0.001), and negatively associated with HDL-C (r=-0.128, P=0.048).There was a strong association between baPWV and prevalence of MetS and its component number in females but not in males .Compared with the lowest quartile of baPWV , the adjusted ORs were 1 .22 ( 95%CI 0.83-1.79), 1.32(95%CI 0.90-1.93), 1.46(95%CI 1.00-2.14) in males and 1.28(95%CI 0.93-1.77), 1.55(95%CI 1.12 -2.16), 1.86(95%CI 1.32-2.61) in females for the second, third and top quartiles .Conclusion:The prevalence of MetS increases substantially with increasing levels of baPWV among the Chinese elderly , especially in females .

Objective Our purpose was to evaluate the teaching satisfaction of clinical epi-demiology among medical postgraduate and to come up with measures for further improvement of teaching quality. Methods A self-administered questionnalre was given to all the medical postgradu-ates and doctoral students of Grade 2013 by cluster sampling when they finished the course of clinical epidemiology. A total of 559 graduate students, including 324 graduate students (58%), 235 doctoral students (42%), recruitment graduate students 350 (62.6%), on-the-job graduate student 209 (37.4%).The contents of the questionnalre included many aspects such as the investigation object in general, teaching materials evaluation satisfaction, curriculum and teacher satisfaction evaluation. Respondents ' self-administered manner was adopted. Parallel input was done by using Epidata software; data were analyzed with SPSS 19.0 software, continuous variable was made by x±s, categorical variables was expressed by n(%). Continuous variables were compared among groups by t test and analysis of vari-ance. Classification grouping variable was compared by chi-square test, and P<0.05 for the difference was statistically significant . Results Overall evaluation of theory was below that of the internship teaching materials. The satisfaction rate of practicability, meeting the learning needs and difficulty degree for theory and practice teaching material were 83.7% (468/559), 87.5% (489/559), 67.1% (375/559) and 92.7%(518/559), 89.6%(501/559), 83.0%(464/559) respectively. 41.6%(87/209) of on-the-job students and 36.7% (119/324) of postgraduates considered theory teaching material was difficult for them. The satisfaction rate for faculty teaching attitude (99.5%, 556/559), faculty teaching method (98.6%,551/559), the theories combining with practice teaching method (97.5%, 545/559) were high, but the satisfaction rate for teaching hours was low (67.4%, 377/559), with one third students consider more hours for the course. Conclusion The Teaching effect of clinical epidemiology is falrly good in our school. The postgraduates are satisfied with the teaching materials, curriculum setting, and teach-ing faculty. But there are also some shortcomings. In the future teaching work, we should appropriately increase the hours, and set corresponding teaching contents and methods according to the different learning characteristics of the on-the-job graduate students and recruitment graduate students, to improve the teaching effect and teaching quality.

AIM: To investigate the expression and significance of MAPK-interacting kinase-2 ( Mnk2 ) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E ( eIF4E) in the patients with resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ( ESCC ). METHODS:The protein expression of Mnk2 and eIF4E in ESCC tissues (98 cases) and normal esophageal tissues (20 cases) were assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and their correlations with clinicopathological features were statisti-cally analyzed.RESULTS:The over-expression rate of Mnk2 and eIF4E was 68.4%(67/98) and 61.2%(60/98), re-spectively.The expression of Mnk2 had a positive correlation with eIF4E (P<0.05).Clinicopathologic analysis showed that Mnk2 expression was significantly correlated with T classification ( P<0.05 ) and clinical stage ( P<0.05 ) .CON-CLUSION:The over-expression of Mnk2 was significantly related to the tumor invasive depth , TNM stages and expression of eIF4E in ESCC.Expression of Mnk2 and eIF4E may have a cooperative formation mechanism in the development of ESCC.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical significance of eukaryotic initiation factor 4 E (eIF4E) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) expressions in esophageal squamous carcinoma tissues.

METHODSClinicopathological data and paraffin samples of resected tumor tissue from 148 patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma undergoing resection in our department between January 2010 and December 2012 were collected retrospectively. Expressions of eIF4E and mTOR were detected in above carcinoma tissues, counterpart para-carcinoma tissues (1 cm distance to carcinoma) and normal tissues (5 cm distance to carcinoma) with Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Their relevance with clinicopathological features was analyzed.

RESULTSExpression of mTOR located mainly in cytoplasm and elF4E mainly in cellular membrane, presenting as yellow grains. These two markers showed strong expression in carcinoma tissues and weak or none in para-carcinoma tissues. In esophageal squamous carcinoma tissues, counterpart para-carcinoma tissues and normal tissues, mTOR protein expression was 85.8% (127/148), 35.1% (52/148) and 3.4% (5/148), eIF4E protein expression was 93.9% (139/148), 35.1% (52/148) and 12.8% (19/148), with a downtrend respectively (all P<0.05). Expressions of mTOR and eIF4E were associated with tumor invasion depth and lymphatic metastasis (all P<0.05), while mTOR expression was associated with differentiation degree (P=0.003), but eIF4E expression was not. Both expressions were not associated with gender, age, and tumor size (all P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSExpressions of eIF4E and mTOR are up-regulated in esophageal squamous carcinoma tissues, which may be associated with tumor malignance and lymphatic metastasis of esophageal squamous carcinoma. Combined detection of two markers may be helpful to predict the tumor malignance and the prognosis of patients.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism

Objective To explore the clinical significance of eukaryotic initiation factor 4 E (eIF4E) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) expressions in esophageal squamous carcinoma tissues. Methods Clinicopathological data and paraffin samples of resected tumor tissue from 148 patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma undergoing resection in our department between January 2010 and December 2012 were collected retrospectively. Expressions of eIF4E and mTOR were detected in above carcinoma tissues, counterpart para-carcinoma tissues(1 cm distance to carcinoma) and normal tissues (5 cm distance to carcinoma) with Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Their relevance with clinicopathological features was analyzed. Results Expression of mTOR located mainly in cytoplasm and elF4E mainly in cellular membrane, presenting as yellow grains. These two markers showed strong expression in carcinoma tissues and weak or none in para-carcinoma tissues. In esophageal squamous carcinoma tissues, counterpart para-carcinoma tissues and normal tissues, mTOR protein expression was 85.8%(127/148), 35.1%(52/148) and 3.4%(5/148), eIF4E protein expression was 93.9%(139/148), 35.1%(52/148) and 12.8%(19/148), with a downtrend respectively (all P<0.05). Expressions of mTOR and eIF4E were associated with tumor invasion depth and lymphatic metastasis (all P<0.05), while mTOR expression was associated with differentiation degree (P=0.003), but eIF4E expression was not. Both expressions were not associated with gender, age, and tumor size (all P>0.05). Conclusions Expressions of eIF4E and mTOR are up-regulated in esophageal squamous carcinoma tissues , which may be associated with tumor malignance and lymphatic metastasis of esophageal squamous carcinoma. Combined detection of two markers may be helpful to predict the tumor malignance and the prognosis of patients.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of eukaryotic initiation factor 4 E (eIF4E) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) expressions in esophageal squamous carcinoma tissues. Methods Clinicopathological data and paraffin samples of resected tumor tissue from 148 patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma undergoing resection in our department between January 2010 and December 2012 were collected retrospectively. Expressions of eIF4E and mTOR were detected in above carcinoma tissues, counterpart para-carcinoma tissues(1 cm distance to carcinoma) and normal tissues (5 cm distance to carcinoma) with Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Their relevance with clinicopathological features was analyzed. Results Expression of mTOR located mainly in cytoplasm and elF4E mainly in cellular membrane, presenting as yellow grains. These two markers showed strong expression in carcinoma tissues and weak or none in para-carcinoma tissues. In esophageal squamous carcinoma tissues, counterpart para-carcinoma tissues and normal tissues, mTOR protein expression was 85.8%(127/148), 35.1%(52/148) and 3.4%(5/148), eIF4E protein expression was 93.9%(139/148), 35.1%(52/148) and 12.8%(19/148), with a downtrend respectively (all P<0.05). Expressions of mTOR and eIF4E were associated with tumor invasion depth and lymphatic metastasis (all P<0.05), while mTOR expression was associated with differentiation degree (P=0.003), but eIF4E expression was not. Both expressions were not associated with gender, age, and tumor size (all P>0.05). Conclusions Expressions of eIF4E and mTOR are up-regulated in esophageal squamous carcinoma tissues , which may be associated with tumor malignance and lymphatic metastasis of esophageal squamous carcinoma. Combined detection of two markers may be helpful to predict the tumor malignance and the prognosis of patients.

Objective To investigate the association of the DYS527a/b and DYF387S1a/b multi-allele pattern with Y-SNP haplogroups.Methods Samples from 295 unrelated males who carrying the DYS527a/b multi-allele pattern were amplified by the YFilerPlus? kit.The genotypes of their frequency distributions,including three multi-copy loci(DYS527a/b,DYF387S1a/b,DYS385a/b)and other single-copy loci were obtained.The DYS527a/b multi-allele pattern and their haplotypes were examined for the associations with Y-chromosome haplogroups using the AIYSNP42 kit,which contains 42 Y-SNP loci.Based on the above results,the association between the DYS527a/b multi-allele patter and its constituent Y-STR haplotypes and related haplogroups was discussed.Results Among the 295 samples,the DYS527a/b tri-allele pattern and tetra-allele pattern accounted for 97.29%and 2.71%respectively,while the DYF387S1a/b tri-allele pattern and tetra-allele encompassed 54.24%and 4.75%.Null allele was detected in DYS448 in 13.22%of the samples.Here,7 Y-SNPs were deticted such as O-M175 and C-M131 which encompassed 45.76%and 45.08%.The haplogroups of R1-M173,N-M231,D1-M174,J-M304 and F-M89 were less than 13 cases,with frequencies ranging from 4.41%～0.34%.There were Y-STR genotypes differences among haplogroups,as haplogroup O-M175 was represented by 4 genotypes of Y-STR profiles characterized by DYS385a/b(12/12,as well as 12/17,12/18,12/19),DYS392(13),DYS593(16)and DYS393(12),and haplogroup C-M130 was characterized by DYS527a/b(19/20/21),DYS385a/b(11),DYS593(17),DYS390(23),Y_GATA_H4(11),and DYS444(13)and so on.Conclusion The DYS527a/b multi-allele pattern is frequently observed in the Kunming population with haplogroup C-M130.In the samples from haplogroups O,C,R1 and N,the DYS527a/b and DYF387S1a/b haplotypes frequently exhibit the multi-allele pattern.Given the frequencies of different haplogroups and the association between Y-SNP haplogroups and Y-STR loci,it could be helpful to look for more details in the paternal lineage search.