We studied the function of connexin 43 (Cx43) gene in Xiao Meishan swine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) resulting from overexpression. Cx43 eukaryotic expression vector (pEGFP-Cx43) was constructed and transfected into BMSCs by nucleofector, after detecting the transfection efficiency; the expression of Cx43 was verified by RT-PCR, immunofluorescence and western blotting. Furthermore, we detected its cell cycle and apoptosis through flow cytometry. Our results show that pEGFP-Cx43 plasmid was successfully constructed, and green fluorescence in pEGFP-Cx43 transfected BMSCs was highly expressed with 60% transfection efficiency. In transgenic Xiao Meishan swines BMSCs, the expression level of Cx43 mRNA and protein were up-regulated. Meanwhile, the ability of cell proliferation was significantly increased, and the apoptosis rate was significantly reduced. Taken together, Cx43 overexpression could promote the proliferation of Xiao Meishan swine's BMSCs and markedly reduce their apoptosis, which provides evidence for in vivo research.
Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Apoptosis ; Cell Proliferation ; Connexin 43 ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Genetic Vectors ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; Plasmids ; Swine ; genetics ; Transfection

AIM:To discuss the main clinical characteristics of current drug eruption for reference of prevention and treatment of drug eruption.　METHODS: Two hundred and thirty-three with drug eruption in 1999 were collected, and their clinical characteristics, such as age, main causative drugs and eruption types, etc. were analysed.　RESULTS: The age of current drug eruption increased. Antibiotics was the most common causative drug, while antiinflammatory analgestics, serum and vaccine, traditional Chinese medicine were next to it. Scarlet fever-like or measles-like type was the most common eruption type, while urticaria type, erythema multiforme type and fixed type were next to it.　CONCLUSION: Clinical physicians shoud inquire alergic history of patients thoroughly and avoid unnecessary drugs, so as to decrease the occurrence of drug eruption.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate synergistic effect of carbapenems combined with fosfomycin(FOS)on carbapenems-re-sistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from urinary tract infections in vitro. METHODS:The minimum inhibitory concentration was detected using agar double dilution method. The fractional inhibitory concentration index was determined by checkerboard meth-od. The effect of carbapenems combined with FOS on biofilm of P. aeruginosa isolates was determined using 96 crystal violet stain-ing. RESULTS:12 strains of carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates were highly sensitive to FOS and amikacin,and were com-pletely resistant to imipenem and meropenem. The combination of imipenem with FOS could induce a synergistic effect on 4 strains (33.3%);meropenem combined with FOS could induce a synergistic effect on 5 strains(41.7%);no antagonistic effect of carbap-enems combined with FOS appeared. FOS combined with carbapenems could inhibit the biofilm of carbapenems-resistant P. aerugi-nosa(P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:The combination of carbapenems with FOS possesses in vitro synergistic antibacteri-al effect on part of carbapenems-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates,the mechanism of which may be associated with inhibiting the bio-film.

Objective To study the biofilm formation ability and related gene distribution of Staphylococcus (S .) aureus iso‐lated from urinary tract infections to provide the theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of clinical infection .Methods The minimal inhibitory concentration was detected using the agar double dilution method .The bacterial adhesion ability was deter‐mined by flat colony counting method .The biofilm formation ability was analyzed by the 96‐well crystal violet staining method .The biofilm‐associated genes were detected by PCR amplification .Results Eleven clinical strains of S .aureus were high resistant to pen‐icillin and erythromycin ,whereas were all sensitive to vancomycin and nitrofurantoin .All the isolates had a strong ability of adhe‐sion ,but the biofilm formation ability was weak .Among them ,the icaAD and icaBC genes were amplified in 10 S .aureus isolates . Conclusion The adhesion ability and biofilm formation ability of S .aureus isolated from urinary tract infections have the strain differences ,and ica is an important gene of S .aureus biofilm formation .

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas. Its pathogenesis is not only related to abnormal activation of trypsinogen, but also related to calcium overload, mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress. However, the mechanism has not been fully elucidated and needs to be further studied. Currently, there is no effective treatment for AP. It is difficult to prevent the loss of pancreatic function. An in-depth understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of AP may help to identify the potential therapeutic targets. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to review recent advances in the mechanism of AP in order to provide more research direction for treatment.

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles containing DNA, RNA and protein. They participate in intercellular communication and play an important role in tumor growth and metastasis. Exosomes exist in a variety of body fluids. Blood, urine and cerebrospinal fluid can be separated and extracted. Exosomes derived from tumor cells have the characteristics of tumor cells. Studies have shown that exosomes are involved in many processes of tumorigenesis and development, including information transmission between tumor cells, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. Exosomes can also be used as carriers to deliver drugs to target cells, which has the potential of targeted therapy. In the process of tumor treatment, drugs can be designed based on the targeted recognition characteristics of exosomes, so as to improve the bioavailability of anti-tumor drugs, reduce adverse reactions and enhance the therapeutic effect. The research and application of exosomes are very challenging. There is a huge heterogeneity in the types, sizes and sources of exosomes, and the production mechanism is also very complex. This paper reviews the extraction and identification methods of exosomes, and reviews the clinical application of tumor derived exosomes.

Malignant tumors usually have no obvious clinical symptoms in the early stage. Most patients are already in the advanced stage when they are diagnosed. Some patients have lost the opportunity for operation, resulting in poor prognosis. Therefore, how to find the best therapeutic target for such patients and improve the prognosis of patients has gradually become the focus of scholar′s attention. Recently, Kruppel-like factor (KLF) is a transcriptional regulator that can bind to the target DNA, and its family plays an important role in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors. It has also been confirmed that the KLF family affects the proliferation, differentiation and migration of tumor cells, but the specific mechanism is still not fully elucidate. Consequently, in order to further explored the effect of the KLF family on tumors, this study intends to briefly review the roles and regulatory mechanisms of the KLF family in the cell proliferation, differentiation and migration of malignant tumors, hoping to provide new target for the biological treatment of tumors.

Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumor worldwide. Metastasis is a marker of cancer deterioration in patients with liver cancer and a major cause of death. In order to develop effective therapeutic strategies, it is urgent to study the molecular basis of liver cancer metastasis. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of fatty acid synthase (FASN) in HCC. Wound healing and transwell cell invasion assays was used to confirm the role of FASN in liver cancer migration and invasion. Proteins that interacted with FASN were identified using iTRAQ (isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification). Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and cellular immunofluorescence analysis were used to assess the interaction between FASN and signal transduction and transcription activator 3 (STAT3). The expression of STAT3, p-STAT3, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 was detected after FASN knockdown using Western blot method. Statistical analysis was performed using the t-test. Results: Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of FASN in HCC tissue was higher than that in adjacent tissues. iTRAQ, Co-IP and immunofluorescence analysis revealed that FASN interacted with STAT3. Western blot analysis showed that the expression of p-STAT3, MMP-2 and MMP-9 decreased after FASN knockdown. Conclusion FASN may promote the metastasis of liver cancer by interacting with STAT3 and affecting the expression of MMP-2/MMP-9.

Objective:To analyze the effects of infectious complications [infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) and extra-pancreatic infection (EPI)] on the outcomes of patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), and evaluate the differences in infection time, infection site and infecting species between SAP patients with infections complications.Methods:The clinical data of 66 SAP patients with combined infectious complications admitted to Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2014 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and SAP patients were divided into IPN group ( n=7), EPI group ( n=14) and co-infection (EPI+ IPN) group ( n=45) according to the type of infection. Whether the study data conformed to a normal distribution was assessed by the Shapiro-Wilk test, normally distributed measures were expressed as mean ± standard deviation ( ± s), and ANOVA was used for comparison between groups; skewed measures were expressed as median (interquartile range) [ M ( Q1, Q3)], and the rank-sum test was used for comparison between groups. Bonferroni correction was used for multiple group comparisons ( P value significance level reduced to 0.017). Quantitative data were compared between groups using the χ2 test or Fisher's exact probability method. Results:There were no statistical differences between the three groups in terms of baseline data at admission (gender, age, etiology, modified CTSI score, degree of pancreatic necrosis, and number of organ failure) ( P>0.05), patients in the EPI group were referred earlier than the other two groups ( P<0.05). In clinical treatment, patients in the IPN group and co-infection group required multiple minimally invasive interventions compared with those in the EPI group ( P<0.05), and the number of patients requiring combined nutritional support, length of intensive care unit stay, and total length of hospital stay were higher in the co-infection group than in the other two groups ( P<0.05). In addition, 360 strains of pathogenic bacteria were cultured in this study, with Gram-negative bacteria being the most common, and patients with SAP were more likely to have EPI in the early stage of disease onset, with bacteremia and respiratory tract infections in the early stage (≤14 d), and bacteremia, urinary tract infections, and catheter-associated infections in the late stage (>14 d). Conclusions:Among patients with SAP, patients in the co-infection group had higher surgical intervention, nutritional support and length of hospital stay than those in the single infection group. It is advisable to prioritize EPI in SAP patients with suspected infections, and the common infectious strains in SAP patients are still predominantly Gram-negative bacteria, and clinicians need to adjust the treatment plan in a timely manner according to the changes in patients′ conditions.

Objective To analyze the correlation between inflammation,nutritional indicators and hy-poproteinemia in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD).Meth-ods The clinical data of patients with AECOPD admitted to the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from January 2020 to September 2022 were ret-rospectively analyzed,and the patients were divided into the hypoproteinemia group(n=73)and the non-hy-poproteinemia group(n=141)according to whether the serum albumin(ALB)was lower than 35 g/L.The clinical data,inflammatory indicators and nutritional indicators of the two groups were compared,Spearman correlation analysis was performed,and binary logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the influ-encing factors of patients with AECOPD complicated with hypoproteinemia.Results There were statistically significant differences in age,length of hospital stay,and body weight between the two groups(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in gender,number of hospitalizations in the past 1 year,height,diabetes,hypertension and proportion of coronary heart disease(P＞0.05).Compared with the non-hypoproteinemia group,the hypoproteinemia group had longer hospital stays and higher levels of C-reactive protein,neutrophil/albumin ratio(NAR),neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR),platelet-lymphocyte ratio(PLR),and systemic immunoinflammatory index(SII).The prognostic nutritional index(PNI),body mass index(BMI),hemoglo-bin and total protein levels were lower,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Body weight,BMI,hemoglobin,total protein,PNI and AECOPD patients with hypoproteinemia were negatively cor-related(P＜0.05),while age,length of hospital stay,C-reactive protein,NAR,NLR,PLR,SII and AECOPD patients with hypoproteinemia were positively correlated(P＜0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis showed that PNI,SII and NLR were the influencing factors of hypoproteinemia in AECOPD patients.Conclusion In clinical practice,attention should be paid to and timely correction of hypoproteinemia in pa-tients with AECOPD,improvement of inflammatory indicators and nutritional status of patients,and preven-tion of acute exacerbation.