OBJECTIVE: To valuate the antibiotic effects in vitro of Pazufloxacin combined with Cefoperazone/Sulbactam against 90 common pathogenic bacteria from hospital acquired infection. METHODS: The protocol was designed by checkerboard method. The MIC of two antibiotics alone or in combination against 90 strains (including 30 staphylococcus aureus, 30 Escherichia colis, 30 Pseudomonas aeruginosas) were detected by broth dilution method and the FIC index was calculated according to MIC values. RESULTS: The MIC of Pazufloxacin combined with cefoperazone/sulbactam against 90 strains was reduced significantly. The percentage of the FIC index maintained at less than 0.5, 0.5～1, 1～2, above 2 were 60.7%～80.0%, 20.0%～33.3%, 3.3%～6.6%, and 0% respectively. CONCLUSION: The antibiotic activity of Pazufloxacin combined with cefoperazone/sulbactam against 90 common iatrogenic strains from hospital acquired infection was enhanced significantly. Their antibacterial action in vitro was characterized by synergism and additive action instead of antagonistic effect.

Ionizing radiation has been widely used for diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Nevertheless, radiation exposure may increase the risk of skin, cardiovascular system, hematological system, and metabolic disorders, and even the risk of cancers. Rational use of ionizing radiation improves prognosis and facilitates biomedical research, while misuse or overuse may result in serious consequences. Scientific and objective assessment of health hazards of medical radiation and establishment of effective protective interventions are of great importance to control the risk of radiation exposure. This article reviews the health hazards and protective measures of medical radiation.

The brain tissue of patients with chronic internal carotid artery occlusion is in a state of hypoperfusion for a long time, which often presents as asymptomatic cognitive impairment. Even with the best medical treatment, patients with chronic internal carotid artery occlusion still have a higher risk of stroke and cognitive impairment. Recent studies have shown that recanalization can reduce the incidence of stroke in patients with chronic internal carotid artery occlusion, but whether it can improve the cognitive function remains controversial. This article reviews the treatment of chronic internal carotid artery occlusion and its effect on cognitive function.

OBJECTIVETo sum up the causes of recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) from failure of trepanation and drainage and explore its prevention and treatment.

METHODSFrom October 1988 to June 2002 a total of 358 patients with CSDH were treated with trepanation and drainage in our hospital. Among them 15 patients had recurrence of CSDH after operation. The data of the 15 patients were reviewed retrospectively.

RESULTSOf the 15 patients, 13 were cured by retrepanation and redrainage, one cured by removal of hematoma by craniotomy with bone flap, and one, a 1-year old child, gave up reoperation due to severe encephalatrophy.

CONCLUSIONSMost CSDHs which recur after trepanation and drainage can be cured by retrepanation and redrainage. For the patients with repeated recurrence of CSDH removal of hematoma capsule can be considered. The causes of recurrence of CSDH are related to disease course, the thickness of hematoma capsule, the severity of encephalatraphy and whether the hematoma cavity is drained or irrigated completely, and operation methods.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drainage ; Female ; Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic ; prevention & control ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence ; Reoperation ; Treatment Outcome ; Trephining

Male infertility has evolved from a common reproductive system disease to a major social issue. Youjing granule (YG) is a Chinese medicinal material used as a therapy method for tonifying the kidneys and removing dampness due to its pathogenic characteristics. YG has been shown to regulate sperm quality in clinical trials, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. The present study was aimed to explore the protective effects and mechanism of action of YG on male reproductive system damage caused by methyl methane sulfonate (MMS). We first established an infertility model of rats through oral administration of MMS and then treated with YG. To determine the effect of YG, spermatogenesis, microvascular density, and secretory function of Leydig cells and Sertoli cells in rats were assessed. Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) were co-cultured with mouse embryo fibroblast (MEF) cells as an in vitro cell model before exposure to serum containing YG. Furthermore, the proliferation and apoptosis of SSCs were measured. Results indicated that YG increased the expression of self-renewal and proliferation-related molecules such as glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2), and improved the quality of sperm and the proliferation of SSCs. In conclusion, YG may protect spermatogenetic function of rats through regulating the proliferation and self-renewal of SSCs.
Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; Male ; Mice ; Rats ; Semen ; Spermatogenesis ; Spermatogonia ; Stem Cells

Atherosclerosis is closely associated with vascular diseases such as ischemic stroke and ischemic heart disease. Its main pathological mechanisms include inflammatory cell infiltration, oxidative stress, and vascular endothelial dysfunction. As an endogenous antioxidant enzyme, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) plays an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and vasodilating role in the process of atherosclerosis, which can inhibit the occurrence of atherosclerosis and prevent the progress of unstable plaques. This article reviews the protective effect and mechanism of HO-1 in atherosclerosis, and discusses the important significance of HO-1 as a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerotic diseases.

Objective To explore the application value of spectral CT quantitative analysis in differentiating adenocarcinoma or squamous carcinoma from inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT). Methods A total of 115 patients with 62 adenocarcinomas, 33 squamous carcinomas and 20 IMTs underwent spectral CT scans to obtain spectral images at arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP). The imaging data were analyzed retrospectively. The iodine concentration of adenocarcinoma, squamous carcinomas and IMT were measured. The normalized iodine concentration in AP (NICAP), normalized iodine concentration in VP (NICVP) and normalized iodine concentration difference between AP and VP (ICD) were calculated. The above quantitative parameters among three groups were analyzed with analysis of variance and ROC curve. Results NICAP (0.15 ± 0.04), NICVP (0.37 ± 0.08) and ICD(0.23 ± 0.06)of the adenocarcinoma were lower than those of IMT (0.21 ± 0.05,0.50 ± 0.06,0.28 ± 0.08). There were significant differences in NICAP, NICVP and ICD between adenocarcinoma and IMT (P<0.05). NICAP (0.13 ± 0.03), NICVP (0.35±0.06) and ICD (0.22±0.05) of the squamous carcinoma were lower than those of IMT (0.21± 0.05,0.50±0.06,0.28±0.08). The differences in NICAP, NICVP and ICD were significant between squamous carcinoma and IMT (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in NICAP, NICVP and ICD between adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma (P>0.05). The best spectral quantitative parameter for differentiating the adenocarcinoma from IMT was NICVP, which yielded a sensitivity of 92.3% and a specificity of 86.7%with the threshold of 0.425. NICVP was also the best spectral quantitative parameter for differentiating squamous carcinomas from IMT. With the threshold of 0.44, a sensitivity of 84.6% and a specificity of 92.3% were found. Conclusion Spectral CT imaging with the quantitative iodine concentration analysis may help to increase the accuracy of differentiating adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma from IMT.

Objective To explore the application value of spectral CT quantitative analysis in differentiating adenocarcinoma or squamous carcinoma from inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT). Methods A total of 115 patients with 62 adenocarcinomas, 33 squamous carcinomas and 20 IMTs underwent spectral CT scans to obtain spectral images at arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP). The imaging data were analyzed retrospectively. The iodine concentration of adenocarcinoma, squamous carcinomas and IMT were measured. The normalized iodine concentration in AP (NICAP), normalized iodine concentration in VP (NICVP) and normalized iodine concentration difference between AP and VP (ICD) were calculated. The above quantitative parameters among three groups were analyzed with analysis of variance and ROC curve. Results NICAP (0.15 ± 0.04), NICVP (0.37 ± 0.08) and ICD(0.23 ± 0.06)of the adenocarcinoma were lower than those of IMT (0.21 ± 0.05,0.50 ± 0.06,0.28 ± 0.08). There were significant differences in NICAP, NICVP and ICD between adenocarcinoma and IMT (P<0.05). NICAP (0.13 ± 0.03), NICVP (0.35±0.06) and ICD (0.22±0.05) of the squamous carcinoma were lower than those of IMT (0.21± 0.05,0.50±0.06,0.28±0.08). The differences in NICAP, NICVP and ICD were significant between squamous carcinoma and IMT (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in NICAP, NICVP and ICD between adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma (P>0.05). The best spectral quantitative parameter for differentiating the adenocarcinoma from IMT was NICVP, which yielded a sensitivity of 92.3% and a specificity of 86.7%with the threshold of 0.425. NICVP was also the best spectral quantitative parameter for differentiating squamous carcinomas from IMT. With the threshold of 0.44, a sensitivity of 84.6% and a specificity of 92.3% were found. Conclusion Spectral CT imaging with the quantitative iodine concentration analysis may help to increase the accuracy of differentiating adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma from IMT.

After retrieving the databases, as well as the official websites of institutes and administrations of physiotherapists, the qualifications, working conditions and professional development in Chinese Taiwan, Chinese Hong Kong, Singapore and Japan were investigated and analyzed.

Hereditary thyroxine protein amyloidosis (ATTRv) is one of the most common forms of systemic and ocular amyloidosis, characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance, incomplete penetrance, and diverse manifestations. ATTRv deposition leads to visual impairment and even irreversible visual loss, which has a negative impact on the quality of life of patients. The diagnostic rate of pathological examination and genetic testing in ATTRv patients is low, and the detection rate of systemic amyloid lesions is low. We need to increase our awareness of this disease and gain a deeper understanding of its systemic manifestations and corresponding examination methods; genetic testing is conducted on the proband's family to investigate the relationship between different gene mutations and eye manifestations. In the future, multidisciplinary consultations can be conducted to jointly diagnose and treat patients with ATTRv eye involvement, conducting large-scale and long-term follow-up studies on the early clinical characteristics, treatment plans, efficacy, possible complications, and early prevention, in order to improve clinical diagnosis rate, reduce misdiagnosis rate, and improve patient prognosis.