Objective To explore the correlations between serum Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, IL-23 and IL-33 levels and chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Methods The clinical characteristics and laboratory data from 55 patients with CSU and 21 healthy controls at Huashan Hospital, Fudan University from February 2021 to September 2023 were collected. The disease activity and severity of CSU patients were assessed. Serum level of MRGPRX2 was tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, IL-23, and IL-33 were measured using Luminex multiplex assay in all subjects. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlations between biomarkers and other parameters in CSU patients, and logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing CSU. Results CSU patients exhibited significantly higher serum levels of MRGPRX2 (2.41[0, 11.51] ng/mL vs 0[0, 2.86] ng/mL, P＝0.015) and IL-23 (0.09[0.04, 0.56] pg/mL vs 0.05[0.03, 0.08] pg/mL, P＝0.033) than healthy controls. There was no difference in levels of other cytokines between the two groups. There was no difference in levels of MRGPRX2 and cytokines between severe and non-severe CSU patients. Correlation analysis showed that serum MRGPRX2 levels in CSU patients were positively correlated with IL-4 (r＝0.345, P＝0.010) and IL-6 (r＝0.395, P＝0.003) levels. Logistic regression analysis indicated that MRGPRX2≥0.055 ng/mL and IL-23≥0.135 pg/mL were independent risk factors for CSU (P＜0.05). Conclusions Serum levels of MRGPRX2 and IL-23 in CSU patients are elevated, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of CSU.

Objective To investigate the expression of miR-142-5p in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)tis-sues and cell lines and its effects on oral squamous cell proliferation,migration,invasion and angiogenesis.Meth-ods Sixteen groups of oral tumour tissues and paraneoplastic tissues were collected,and qRT-PCR was applied to detect the expression of miR-142-5p in the tissues.The effects of miR-142-5p on cell proliferation,migration,and invasion were observed by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8),cloning,wound healing,Transwell,invasion assays,and the effect of miR-142-5p on angiogenesis was also detected by lumen formation assay.The expression of angiogene-sisrelated proteins vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGFA),vascular endothelial calreticulin(VE-cadherin),epithelial calreticulin(E-cadherin),matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP2),and matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9)was detected by Western blot after overexpression of miR-142-5p.Results miR-142-5p was lowly ex-pressed in oral tumour tissues and cell lines.CCK-8 and clonogenic assays showed that miR-142-5p was inversely correlated with the proliferation of OSCC cells,wound healing and Transwell assays showed that miR-142-5p was inversely correlated with the migration of OSCC cells,and cell invasion assays showed that miR-142-5p was con-versely correlated with the invasion of OSCC cells.Analysis of lumen formation assay showed that overexpression of miR-142-5p reduced the tube length and nodes of HUVECs.Western blot assay showed that up-regulation of miR-142-5p inhibited the VEGFA,VE-cadherin,MMP2,MMP9 expression and promoted E-cadherin expression.Con-clusion Overexpression of miR-142-5p inhibites the proliferative,migratory and invasive effects of oral squamous carcinoma cells as well as angiogenesis,suggesting that miR-142-5p is a novel target for anti-tumour angiogenesis and against oral squamous carcinoma.

This article reports a patient with typical Cushing syndrome′s manifestations and extremely low plasma cortisol level, indicating glucocorticoid hypersensitivity syndrome. After treatment with the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist mifepristone, the patient′s Cushing symptoms were significantly relieved, and cortisol levels returned to normal. The aim of this report is to enhance clinical awareness among physicians regarding glucocorticoid hypersensitivity syndrome.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of albuminuria in Chinese residents aged >35 years and its potential association with cardiovascular disease (CVD).Methods:A total of 34 647 Chinese subjects aged ≥35 years were selected by stratified multi-stage random sampling from 2012 to 2015. Data were collected through questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. Albuminuria was categorized into 3 types according to urinary albumin-to- creatinine ratio: normal (<30 mg/g), microalbuminuria (MAU, 30-300 mg/g), and macroalbuminuria (≥300 mg/g). Measurement data were expressed as xˉ±s, and t-tests were used for comparisons between indicators. Qualitative data were expressed as rate or constituent ratio, and the χ2 test or Kruskal-Wallis test was used to examine differences. Logistic regression was used for multivariate analyses. SAS 9.4 software was used for statistical analyses, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:The prevalence of abnormal albuminuria was 19.1%; the prevalence was 17.2% for MAU and lower in males (13.8%) than females (20.1%, P<0.01). The risk of CVD was higher among subjects with MAU ( OR=1.23, 95% CI 1.12-1.35) and macroalbuminuria ( OR=1.86, 95% CI 1.50-2.32). When MAU was complicated by hypertension and diabetes mellitus, the CVD risk was 1.76 times higher. Conclusions:The prevalence of MAU is high among Chinese subjects aged 35 years and over. Those with MAU have higher CVD risk, especially those with hypertension and diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To evaluate the role of histologicalpathology in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection. Methods: A total of 145 cases of joint arthroplasty during October 2017 and October 2018 from Beijing Jishuitan Hospital were collected. There were 23 cases of infection, including knee joint arthroplasty (12 cases) and hip arthroplasty (11 cases). There were 17 females and 6 males. Patients′ age ranged from 39 to 76 years (mean 63 years). The infection was diagnosed if there were >5 neutrophils per high power field in at least 5 high power field. The permanent sections were examined twice separately by two pathologists, and the interval time of histologic examination was at least two weeks. Sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive predictivevalue (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated. The consistency evaluation of histologic examination of two pathologists was calculated by Kappa analysis. Results: The neutrophil cells could locate scattered or focally in the synovium tissue of periprosthetic joint infection. Somewhere, the infiltration of vessel and the perivascular distribution could also exist. Opportunity coincidence rate between two pathologists was 91.3% (Kappa=0.817). The results showed that SE was 60.9%, SP was 100.0%, NPV was 93.1%, PPV was 100.0%. Conclusions The presence of polymorphonuclear cells in histologic examination is correlated with infection. There was high consistency between histologic examination and clinical diagnosis of joint arthroplasty.

Objective: To analyze the clinicopathological features of pseudotumor-like tissue around aseptic joint arthroplasty and aseptic lymphocytic vasculitis-associated lesions (ALVAL) scores. The characters of wear granules were observed. Methods: Total 122 cases were retrieved from the surgical pathology files between May 2015 and August 2018 in the department of pathology in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, which included the knee joint arthroplasty (10 cases) and hip arthroplasty (112 cases). There were 62 females and 60 males. Patients′ age ranged from 29 to 86 years (mean 56 years). The pseudotumor-like tissue around aseptic joint arthroplasty were stained with HE and analyzed by two ALVAL score systems. The characters of wear granules were observed by light microscope and polarized light. Results: The cohort included 62 females and 60 males. Patients′ age ranged from 29 to 86 years (mean 56 years). Compbell-ALVAL system includes synovial lining,inflammatory infiltrate and tissue organization. The scores were: low (0-4): 18cases; moderate (5-8): 101 cases; high (9-10): 3 cases. Oxford-ALVAL system only evaluated the inflammatory infiltrate,and the scores were:0 grade:56 cases; 1 grade:51 cases; 2 grade: 12 cases; 3 grade:3 cases. Cases with high score in the Compbell-ALVAL system were concordant with the 3 grade of the Oxford-ALVAL system. Under light microscope,the metal particles were small black granules; the polyethylene fibers were needle-like and easily visible in polarized light. The polymethylmethacrylate showed clear spaces because of particle melting. Conclusions The Compbell-ALVAL scoring system is based on the histologic analysis of pseudotumor-like tissue around aseptic joint arthroplasty, and the Oxford-ALVAL scoring systems is based on lymphocytic response. The wear particles could be differentiated by the features in the light microscope.

Objective To analyze the clinicopathological features of pseudotumor?like tissue around aseptic joint arthroplasty and aseptic lymphocytic vasculitis?associated lesions (ALVAL) scores. The characters of wear granules were observed. Methods Total 122 cases were retrieved from the surgical pathology files between May 2015 and August 2018 in the department of pathology in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, which included the knee joint arthroplasty (10 cases) and hip arthroplasty (112 cases). There were 62 females and 60 males. Patients′age ranged from 29 to 86 years (mean 56 years). The pseudotumor?like tissue around aseptic joint arthroplasty were stained with HE and analyzed by two ALVAL score systems. The characters of wear granules were observed by light microscope and polarized light. Results The cohort included 62 females and 60 males. Patients′ age ranged from 29 to 86 years (mean 56 years). Compbell?ALVAL system includes synovial lining,inflammatory infiltrate and tissue organization. The scores were: low (0-4): 18cases; moderate (5-8): 101 cases; high (9-10): 3 cases. Oxford?ALVAL system only evaluated the inflammatory infiltrate,and the scores were:0 grade:56 cases; 1 grade:51 cases; 2 grade:12 cases; 3 grade:3 cases. Cases with high score in the Compbell?ALVAL system were concordant with the 3 grade of the Oxford?ALVAL system. Under light microscope,the metal particles were small black granules; the polyethylene fibers were needle?like and easily visible in polarized light. The polymethylmethacrylate showed clear spaces because of particle melting. Conclusions The Compbell?ALVAL scoring system is based on the histologic analysis of pseudotumor?like tissue around aseptic joint arthroplasty, and the Oxford?ALVAL scoring systems is based on lymphocytic response. The wear particles could be differentiated by the features in the light microscope.

Objective To explore the in vitro culture methods for oriented differentiation of peritoneal cells and bone marrow cells into high-purity mast cells,and to identify the function of these mast cells.Methods Peritoneal cells and bone marrow cells were isolated from the peritoneal cavity lavages and femur of C57BL/6 mice,and cultured with both interleukin-3 (IL-3) and stem cell factor for 2 and 4 weeks respectively.Light microscopy was performed to observe the morphology of these cells,toluidine blue staining to identify the degree of maturity of these mast cells,and flow cytometry to measure the expression of cell surface markers C D 117 and FceR Ⅰ α.After the stimulation with compound 48/80 at different concentrations,the degranulation rate of mast cells was counted under the microscope,and β-hexosaminidase release rate was measured by spectrophotometry.Results After 2-or 4-week culture,the mouse peritoneal and bone marrow cells all manifested as refractive suspension cells of uniform size.Toluidine blue staining showed violaceous metachromatic granules in the cytoplasm of the two kinds of cells.The proportions of CD117 or FcεR Ⅰ α single-positive peritoneal and bone marrow-derived mast cells were all more than 95％,and the proportions of CD117/FcεR Ⅰ α double-positive peritoneal and bone marrow-derived mast cells were 97.68％ ± 0.80％ and 96.12％ ± 0.76％ respectively.The degranulation rates of mast cells in the 100-and 1 000-mg/L compound 48/80 groups significantly differed from those in the blank control group (all P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the blank control group,the β-hexosaminidase release rates significantly increased in bone marrow-derived mast cells in the 100-mg/L compound 48/80 group and peritoneal mast cells in the 10-and 100-mg/L compound 48/80 groups (P ＜ 0.01 or 0.05).Conclusion IL-3 and stem cell factor can co-induce the directed differentiation and proliferation of mouse bone marrow stem cells and peritoneal cells,so as to harvest highnuritv mature degranulated mast cells,and lay a foundation for subsequent cell biology research.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of Vancouver B2 and B3 periprosthetic femoral fractures treated with uncemented modular stems.Methods From September 2011 to April 2014,Twenty-four patients (12 males and 12 females,with the average age 63 years,ranging from 28 to 85 years) with periprosthetic femoral fractures (16 Vancouver B2 and 8 Vancouver B3) were treated with uncemented modular stems.Revision arthroplasty was conducted in all cases by using modular stems with 12 cerclage wirings and 11 great trochanter claw plates.One patient was treated with revision arthroplasty without additional fixations.Extended trochanter osteotomy was performed on 11 patients.Cortical strut allograft was used in 9 patients with severe femoral bone loss.Intraoperative complications including vascular or nerve injury and systemic complications including cardiovascular events,cerebrovascular events and deep vein thrombosis were recorded.Severe postoperative complications such as nonunion,re-fracture,periprosthetic joint infection and dislocation were recorded.The clinical outcome was evaluated by Harris score,Visual Analogue Score and Parker Mobility Score.The radiological outcome was taken to observe the healing status,stem subsidence and stability of the prosthesis.Results Two patients were lost to follow-up.Twenty-two patients were clinically followed-up.Radiological data was recorded in 16 patients.The average follow-up was 33 months (range,12-68 months).All fractures healed within 6 months.The average Harris score improved from 4.0± 1.1 preoperatively to 78.8± 16.2 postoperatively (t=-20.195,P=0.000).The mean Parker Mobility Score improved from 0.5±0.9 preoperatively to 7.0± 1.8 postoperatively (t=-14.835,P=0.000).The mean Visual Analogue Score decreased from 6.4± 1.2 preoperatively to 2.0± 1.5 postoperatively (t=10.879,P=0.000).No nonunion,infection or dislocation was found.One patient underwent re-operation because of re-fracture.Eight mm of prosthesis subsidence was observed in one case at 3 months postoperatively,and reached stable fixation at 6 months postoperatively without further subsidence.Conclusion Uncemented modular stems can achieve distal fixation and implant stability of periprosthetic femoral fractures while retaining optimal biomechanics of the hip.Assisted by femoral reconstruction techniques such as extended trochanter osteotomy,cortical strut allograft,great trochanter claw plates and cerclage wiring,revision arthroplasty using uncemented modular stems could realize optimal outcomes in treating Vancouver B2 and B3 periprosthetic femoral fractures.

Objective To investigate the effect of a novel lymphotoxin with selectively binding to p55 tumor necrosis factor receptor (p55TNFR) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats in order to explore the mechanism.Methods A total of 40 SD rats were randomly (random number) assigned into four groups (n =10 in each),namely sham operation group (group A),I/R group (group B),wild type rhLTα treatment group (group C),and p55TNFR selective rhLTα (rhLTα-Q107E) treatment group (group D).After I/R model rats were established,various therapeutic agents or saline were given by continuous intravenous infusion for 24 h via a micropump.After 24 hours of treatment,serum myocardial zymogram,such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK),as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were determined.Myocardial infarction size (MIS) was measured by nitro blue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) staining.Results Compared to sham operation group,MIS,AST,LDH,CK,MDA were increased,while the activities of SOD and GSH-Px were decreased.However,all the effects were significantly reversed by treatment with rhLTα-Q107E (P ＜ 0.05) but not rhLTα (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The rhLTα-Q107E plays a role in the protection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by the mechanism of scavenging oxygen free radicals and increasing the activity of endogenous antioxidant system.