Based on the research results of aspiration in patients with dysphagia after ischemic stroke at home and abroad, this paper reviews the definition, detection methods, and risk factors of aspiration and emphasizes the incidence rate and severity of this disease. The authors conclude that preventing aspiration can decrease the incidence rate of aspiration pneumonia, change the clinical outcome of patients, and thereby save medical resources.

Objective: To explore the curative effect and safety of botulintum toxin A (BTX-A) on depressive disorder in patients with Parkinson′s disease (PD). Methods: Forty-two cases of PD with depression prospectively recruited in the Second Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University from August 2016 to November 2018 were divided into two groups: 28 patients in BTX-A group (administered with 100 U BTX-A injection on patients′ eyebrow, forehead, bilateral lateral canthus and temporal region at 20 loci), 14 patients in sertraline (control) group (administered with 50-100 (55.36±14.47) mg/d sertraline). The scores of Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAMA), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) after treatment for 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks were compared with the scores of each emotional rating scale for baseline respectively. Meanwhile, the differences in the scores of each emotional scale between the two treatment groups were compared. In addition, the remission rates of depression and anxiety (defined as HAMD, HAMA scores<7) at each follow-up time point between the two groups were compared to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BTX-A in the treatment of PD patients with depression. Results: The scores of HAMD, HAMA, SDS, SAS in the BTX-A group and the sertraline group reduced compared to baseline after treatment (at the 2nd, 4th, 8th, 12th weeks). The scores of HAMD and SDS in the BTX-A group (HAMD scores: F=12.930, P<0.01; SDS scores: F=5.022, P=0.001) and those in the sertraline group (HAMD scores: F=2.883, P=0.030; SDS scores: F=3.427, P=0.013) were significantly lower compared to baseline, but there was no statistically significant difference in the scores of HAMD and SDS between the two groups (P>0.05). HAMD score showed that the remission rate of depression in the BTX-A group (17.9% (5/28), 35.7% (10/28)) was higher than that of the sertraline group (2/14, 4/14) at the 2nd and 4th weeks. At the 8th and 12th weeks, the remission rate of depression in the sertraline group (7/14, 9/14) was higher than that of the BTX-A group (46.4% (13/28), 53.6% (15/28)). There was no statistically significant difference in remission rate of depression between the two groups at each follow-up time point (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in HAMD scores between males and females in the BTX-A group (P>0.05). Two of the 28 patients in the BTX-A group had frown muscle stiffness, which lasted for two weeks and improved in one month. Two patients in the sertraline group had headache and dizziness, and two patients had dry mouth and nausea, which improved after two weeks. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P=0.197). Conclusion BTX-A intraocular facial muscle injection can significantly improve the depressive symptoms of PD patients, and the effect lasts for a long time, with low incidence of side effects and high safety, which can be considered as a safe and effective new method for PD patients with depressive symptoms.

Objective To explore the curative effect and safety of botulintum toxin A (BTX?A) on depressive disorder in patients with Parkinson′s disease (PD). Methods Forty?two cases of PD with depression prospectively recruited in the Second Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University from August 2016 to November 2018 were divided into two groups: 28 patients in BTX?A group (administered with 100 U BTX?A injection on patients′eyebrow, forehead, bilateral lateral canthus and temporal region at 20 loci), 14 patients in sertraline (control) group (administered with 50-100 (55.36±14.47) mg/d sertraline). The scores of Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Self?rating Depression Scale (SDS), Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAMA), Self?rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) after treatment for 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks were compared with the scores of each emotional rating scale for baseline respectively. Meanwhile, the differences in the scores of each emotional scale between the two treatment groups were compared. In addition, the remission rates of depression and anxiety (defined as HAMD, HAMA scores<7) at each follow?up time point between the two groups were compared to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BTX?A in the treatment of PD patients with depression. Results The scores of HAMD, HAMA, SDS, SAS in the BTX?A group and the sertraline group reduced compared to baseline after treatment (at the 2nd, 4th, 8th, 12th weeks). The scores of HAMD and SDS in the BTX?A group (HAMD scores: F=12.930, P<0.01; SDS scores: F=5.022, P=0.001) and those in the sertraline group (HAMD scores: F=2.883, P=0.030; SDS scores:F=3.427, P=0.013) were significantly lower compared to baseline, but there was no statistically significant difference in the scores of HAMD and SDS between the two groups (P>0.05). HAMD score showed that the remission rate of depression in the BTX?A group (17.9% (5/28), 35.7% (10/28)) was higher than that of the sertraline group (2/14, 4/14) at the 2nd and 4th weeks. At the 8th and 12th weeks, the remission rate of depression in the sertraline group (7/14, 9/14) was higher than that of the BTX?A group (46.4% (13/28), 53.6% (15/28)). There was no statistically significant difference in remission rate of depression between the two groups at each follow?up time point (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in HAMD scores between males and females in the BTX?A group (P>0.05). Two of the 28 patients in the BTX?A group had frown muscle stiffness, which lasted for two weeks and improved in one month. Two patients in the sertraline group had headache and dizziness, and two patients had dry mouth and nausea, which improved after two weeks. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P=0.197). Conclusion BTX?A intraocular facial muscle injection can significantly improve the depressive symptoms of PD patients, and the effect lasts for a long time, with low incidence of side effects and high safety, which can be considered as a safe and effective new method for PD patients with depressive symptoms.

Objective To investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA NONHSA1254644 in lung adenocarcinoma and its clinical significance.Methods 99 cases of lung adenocarcinoma and the adjacent tissues as well as clinical data was collected.The expression level was detected by quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).Then the relationship between the expression level and the clinical parameters was analyzed.Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) was used to investigate its effect of lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 on proliferation.Results The expression of NONHSA1254644 was down-regulated in lung adenocarcinoma,and its expression was positively correlated with the differentiation of patients.The overexpression of NONHSA1254644 could inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells.Conclusions NONHSA1254644 is involved in the development and progression of lung adenocarcinoma.

Transcatheter mitral valve edge-to-edge repair (TEER) has become an important treatment opinion for patients with severe mitral regurgitation (MR) at high risk for surgery. The devices and procedural techniques of TEER are complex and require excellent team cooperation. However, there is still a lack of standardized clinical pathways in China. Based on the latest evidence, the expert group wrote this clinical pathway to guide and optimize TEER therapy in clinical practice. It demonstrates the following key issues of clinical concern: (1) TEER team building; (2) preoperative clinical evaluation of TEER patients; (3) imaging assessment before TEER procedure; (4) standardized procedures for TEER; (5) TEER for complex MR; (6) the standard process of perioperative comprehensive management; and (7) full life-cycle rehabilitation and follow-up. This clinical pathway might be helpful to facilitate the standardized development of TEER therapy and application, and promote the improvement of management and life quality for patients with MR.

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are attracting increasing interest for potential biomedical applications. With tailored mesoporous structure, huge surface area and pore volume, selective surface functionality, as well as morphology control, MSNs exhibit high loading capacity for therapeutic agents and controlled release properties if modified with stimuli-responsive groups, polymers or proteins. In this review article, the applications of MSNs in pharmaceutics to improve drug bioavailability, reduce drug toxicity, and deliver with cellular targetability are summarized. Particularly, the exciting progress in the development of MSNs-based effective delivery systems for poorly soluble drugs, anticancer agents, and therapeutic genes are highlighted.

Malignant tumor has become an urgent threat to global public healthcare. Because of the heterogeneity of tumor, single therapy presents great limitations while synergistic therapy is arousing much attention, which shows desperate need of intelligent carrier for co-delivery. A core‒shell dual metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) system was delicately designed in this study, which not only possessed the unique properties of both materials, but also provided two individual specific functional zones for co-drug delivery. Photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) and chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DOX) were stepwisely encapsulated into the nanopores of MIL-88 core and ZIF-8 shell to construct a synergistic photothermal/photodynamic/chemotherapy nanoplatform. Except for efficient drug delivery, the MIL-88 could be functioned as a nanomotor to convert the excessive hydrogen peroxide at tumor microenvironment into adequate oxygen for photodynamic therapy. The DOX release from MIL-88-ICG@ZIF-8-DOX nanoparticles was triggered at tumor acidic microenvironment and further accelerated by near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation. The

Pulmonary drug delivery has attracted increasing attention in biomedicine, and porous particles can effectively enhance the aerosolization performance and bioavailability of drugs. However, the existing methods for preparing porous particles using porogens have several drawbacks, such as the inhomogeneous and uncontrollable pores, drug leakage, and high risk of fragmentation. In this study, a series of cyclodextrin-based metal-organic framework (CD-MOF) particles containing homogenous nanopores were delicately engineered without porogens. Compared with commercial inhalation carrier, CD-MOF showed excellent aerosolization performance because of the homogenous nanoporous structure. The great biocompatibility of CD-MOF in pulmonary delivery was also confirmed by a series of experiments, including cytotoxicity assay, hemolysis ratio test, lung function evaluation,