Objective To develop a method for determination of tin in the air of workplace by microwave digestion-HG-AFS. Methods The air samples were collected and the concentration of tin was determined by microwave digestion-HG-AFS and the parameters of atomic fluorescence spectrometry were studied. Results In the optimum condition, the detection limit of tin was 0.3 ?g /L, the lowest detected concentration of tin in the samples was 0.000 1 mg/m3 (based on 75 L air sample), the RSD was 2.7%-3.5%, the rate of recovery was in the range of 96.5%-104.7%. Conclusion The method is rapid, convenient, accurate, sensitive and suitable for determination of tin in the air of workplace.

Objective To establish a HG-AFS method for determination of cadmium in the water. Methods The condition for hydride generation and parameters of atomic fluorescence spectrometry were studied. Results In the optimum condition, the detection limit of tin was 0.03 ?g /L, the RSD were 1.1%-3.0%. The sample recoveries were 98.2%-107.0%. Conclusion The method is rapid, convenient, accurate, sensitive and suitable for determination of cadmium in the water.

AIM:To discuss the main clinical characteristics of current drug eruption for reference of prevention and treatment of drug eruption.　METHODS: Two hundred and thirty-three with drug eruption in 1999 were collected, and their clinical characteristics, such as age, main causative drugs and eruption types, etc. were analysed.　RESULTS: The age of current drug eruption increased. Antibiotics was the most common causative drug, while antiinflammatory analgestics, serum and vaccine, traditional Chinese medicine were next to it. Scarlet fever-like or measles-like type was the most common eruption type, while urticaria type, erythema multiforme type and fixed type were next to it.　CONCLUSION: Clinical physicians shoud inquire alergic history of patients thoroughly and avoid unnecessary drugs, so as to decrease the occurrence of drug eruption.

Objective To understand the blood lipidcondition of perimenopausal women ,control and standard-reaching situ-ation of dyslipidemi.MethodSix hundred and forty inpatientaged 45-55 yearold (including 400 femaleand 200 males) ad-mitted in the Jiangbei People′Hospital from January 2000 to January 2014 and 200 femaleaged ove60 yearwere selected .TG , TLDL-,HDL-,complicating disease,control of blood pressure and blood lipid,and the lipid-regulating drugapplication situ-ation were recorded .ResultThe prevalence rate of dyslipidemiin perimenopausal women wa23 .40% .The blood lipidcontrol standard-reaching rate wa40 .80% ;the average levelof TG ,LDL-and Tin the perimenopausal women were highethan those in the men of the same age ,while the average level of HDL-walowethan thain the men of the same age .The prevalence rate of dyslipidemiwahighethan thain the men .The average lipid level in the femaleaged ove60 yearwere highethan thaof the perimenopausal women .Conclusion The lipid level of perimenopausal women ihighethan thain the men athe same age . The prevalence rate of dyslipidemiilowethan thain the femaleaged ove60 year,and the control standard-reaching rate is lower.

BACKGROUND: Intervertebral disk (IVD) degeneration, which can cause lower back pain, is a major predisposing factor for disability and can be managed through multiple approaches. However, there is no satisfactory strategy currently available to reconstruct and recover the natural properties of IVDs after degeneration. As tissue engineering develops, scaffolds with embedded cell cultures have proved critical for the successful regeneration of IVDs. METHODS: In this study, an integrated scaffold for IVD replacement was developed. Through scanning electron microscopy and other mechanical measurements, we characterized the physical properties of different hydrogels. In addition, we simulated the physiological structure of natural IVDs. Nucleus pulposus (NP) cells and annulus fibrosusderived stem cells (AFSCs) were seeded in gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogel at different concentrations to evaluate cell viability and matrix expression. RESULTS: It was found that different concentrations of GelMA hydrogel can provide a suitable environment for cell survival. However, hydrogels with different mechanical properties influence cell adhesion and extracellular matrix component type I collagen, type II collagen, and aggrecan expression. CONCLUSION This tissue-engineered IVD implant had a similar structure and function as the native IVD, with the inner area mimicking the NP tissue and the outer area mimicking the stratified annulus fibrosus tissue. The new integrated scaffold demonstrated a good simulation of disc structure. The preparation of efficient and regeneration-promoting tissueengineered scaffolds is an important issue that needs to be explored in the future. It is hoped that this work will provide new ideas and methods for the further construction of functional tissue replacement discs.

Objective To implement pediatric nurses' ability level system based on the construction of pediatric nurses' ability level model and competency index databases and set up nurses' core competency requirements and advanced conditions so as to provide evidences for pediatric nurses′ ability level management. Methods Nurses' core competency requirements and advanced conditions were set up. N1 and N2 certificated of nurses' ability level were implemented in the whole hospital. Satisfaction of nurses and family members of children before and after the implementation were compared.Results A total of 354 nurses applied for N1 and N2 ability level in the whole hospital. A number of 289 out of 354 applications passed the audit and 237 out of 289 applications have been certificated. For N1 level,148 out of 180 (82.22%) applications were certificated. For N2 level, 90 out of 174 applications (51.72%) were certificated. Satisfaction rates of nurses increased from (83.88±11.886) to (89.84±10.740) after the implementation, with a statistically significant difference (t=-5.180,P＜0.01). Satisfaction rates of family members developed from 84.27% to 93.01% after the implementation. The difference was statistically significant (χ2=9.766,P＜0.05).Conclusions The implementation of nurses' ability level system improves nurses' work enthusiasm and increases nurses' work satisfaction and family members' satisfaction.

Objective:To explore the value of magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in evaluating cerebrovascular small vessel disease (CSVD) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods:Eighty-two patients with SLE combined with CSVD treated at Yixing People's Hospital from January to December 2022 were selected. They were divided into acute phase infarction group (16 cases), chronic phase infarction group (26 cases), and chronic ischemic lesion group (40 cases) based on routine MRI examination results. All patients underwent DTI examination to obtain the average diffusion coefficient (DCavg) and anisotropy score (FA) of the affected and contralateral normal white matter areas, and the evaluation value of DTI for CSVD in SLE patients was analyzed.Results:The DCavg value on the affected side of 82 patients was significantly higher than that on the healthy side: (11.10 ± 3.48) 10 -3 mm 2/s vs. (8.18 ± 2.42) 10 -3 mm 2/s, and the FA value on the affected side was significantly lower than that on the healthy side: 0.28 ± 0.05 vs. 0.45 ± 0.08, with a statistical significant differences ( P<0.05). The DCavg values of the acute infarction group, chronic infarction group, and chronic ischemic focus group were (11.88 ± 3.50), (9.69 ± 3.24) and (8.52 ± 2.34) 10 -3 mm 2/s, respectively, with statistical significant differences ( P<0.05). The FA values of the acute infarction group, chronic infarction group, and chronic ischemic focus group were 0.28 ± 0.04, 0.33 ± 0.06 and 0.40 ± 0.07, respectively, with statistical significant differences ( P<0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn, and the results showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the acute phase infarction group and the chronic phase infarction group evaluated by DCavg and FA alone and in combination were 0.757, 0.756, and 0.820, respectively. The AUC of the chronic phase infarction group and the chronic ischemic focus group evaluated by DCavg and FA were 0.772, 0.776, and 0.813, respectively. The AUC value of the combined evaluation was relatively large. Conclusions:DTI has good evaluation value for CSVD in SLE patients and can accurately determine the type of CSVD.

Objective To explore the effects of individualized continuation nursing mode in children with epilepsy.Methods A total of 80 cases of children with epilepsy and their families who received treatment in the Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from April 2016 to April 2017 were selected as the research subjects.All the subjects were divided into the control group and the observation group,with 40 cases in each,by random numbering method.Conventional nursing intervention and the individualized continuation nursing mode were applied in the control group and the observation group respectively.The medical compliance after discharge,the cognition of health knowledge,the epilepsy recurrence rate,hospital review rate,treatment efficiency,psychological status and quality of life of the children were compared between the two groups.Results After 1 year intervention,5 of the indicators of the observation group were better than those of the control group,the medical compliance 70.0％,the cognition of health knowledge 90.0％,the epilepsyrecurrence rate 12.5％,hospital review rate 95.5％,and treatment efficiency 75.0％.All the differences were statistically significant(χ2=6.794,6.063,5.897,5.746,6.906;P<0.05).The scores of Self-rating Anxiety Scale and Self-rating Depression Scale in the observation group were both lower than in the control group,and the scores of quality of life in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,with statistical significances(P<0.05).Conclusions The application of individualized continuation nursing mode in epilepsy children can improve the therapeutic effect and medical compliance,effectively improve anxiety and depression of children,and also effectively improve the quality of life of children with epilepsy,which has high practical value for clinical treatment of epilepsy in children.

Objective:To construct the clinical nursing pathway (CNP) design for children with anti-NMDA receptor autoimmune encephalitis taking project time as frame.Methods:The CNP draft for anti-NMDA receptor autoimmune encephalitis draft was designed by consulting literatures at home and abroad, screening evidence-based evidences, retrospective case analysis. Delphi method was used to two rounds of expert consultation of CNP draft to determine the CNP.Results:A total of 12 experts were interviewed with 0.91 for the expert authority coefficient. There were 50 items in the first round of consultation, and the consent rates ranged from 66.67% to 100%. There were 49 items in the second round of consultation, the consent rates of two items were 85.71% and others were all 100%. The CNP for children with anti-NMDA receptor autoimmune encephalitis had 49 items.Conclusions:Delphi method-based CNP text is highly efficient and practical, but it needs to be continually updated according to the variation.