Debates persist regarding the efficacy and safety of azvudine, particularly its real-world outcomes. This study involved patients aged ≥60 years who were admitted to 25 hospitals in mainland China with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between December 1, 2022, and February 28, 2023. Efficacy outcomes were all-cause mortality during hospitalization, the proportion of patients discharged with recovery, time to nucleic acid-negative conversion (T _NANC), time to symptom improvement (T _SI), and time of hospital stay (T _HS). Safety was also assessed. Among the 5884 participants identified, 1999 received azvudine, and 1999 matched controls were included after exclusion and propensity score matching. Azvudine recipients exhibited lower all-cause mortality compared with controls in the overall population (13.3% vs. 17.1%, RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67-0.90; P = 0.001) and in the severe subgroup (25.7% vs. 33.7%; RR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.66-0.88; P < 0.001). A higher proportion of patients discharged with recovery, and a shorter T _NANC were associated with azvudine recipients, especially in the severe subgroup. The incidence of adverse events in azvudine recipients was comparable to that in the control group (2.3% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.170). In conclusion, azvudine showed efficacy and safety in older patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the SARS-CoV-2 omicron wave in China.

Objective To investigate dynamic changes in myocardial protein phosphorylation during the acute phase of myocardial infarction (MI) in mice. Methods Six 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to MI model (n＝3) or sham-operated control (n＝3) groups. Cardiac tissues were harvested 72 hours post-intervention for proteomic analysis. Phosphorylation modifications were systematically characterized using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Bioinformatics analyses included differential phosphorylation screening, functional enrichment, hierarchical clustering, and protein-protein interaction network. Results LC-MS identified 1 921 differentially phosphorylated sites (20 tyrosine and 1 901 serine/threonine sites) across 851 proteins. Compared with controls, MI hearts exhibited significant phosphorylation upregulation at 1 545 sites and downregulation at 376 sites (P＜0.05). Conclusions This study delineates MI-associated phosphorylation dynamics, providing mechanistic insights and potential therapeutic targets for acute MI intervention.

: Bacteroides, as one of the most abundant and diverse genera in the human gut, is regarded as a window into the study of gut microbiota-host interactions. Currently, CRISPR/Cas-based gene editing systems targeting Bacteroides have been widely applied, while the large size of Cas nucleases limits their potential application scenarios (such as in situ gut Bacteroides editing based on phage delivery). Therefore, this study aims to develop a compact and highly efficient genetic editing tool in Bacteroides., We developed a miniaturized CRISPR/Cas gene editing system for human gut Bacteroides. First, the editing capabilities of different miniaturized CRISPR/Cas systems, including AsCas12f, CasΦ2, and ISDge10, were evaluated in Bacteroides fragilis. Subsequently, the editing capability of AsCas12f was assessed across various Bacteroides species, and the size of this system was further optimized. The results demonstrated that the CRISPR/AsCas12f genome editing system exhibited the highest editing efficiency in B. fragilis. The CRISPR/AsCas12f system achieved efficient genome editing in B. fragilis, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, and Phocaeicola vulgatus. Furthermore, with a repair template of 500 bp homologous arms, the editing efficiency remained as high as 94.7%. In conclusion, CRISPR/AsCas12f can serve as a chassis tool enzyme for the development of Bacteroides-based miniature gene editors and derivative technologies, laying a foundation for the further development of gene editing technology for Bacteroides.
CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics* ; Gene Editing/methods* ; Bacteroides/genetics* ; Humans ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/genetics* ; Bacteroides fragilis/genetics*

BACKGROUND:Palmar locking plate fixation is the most commonly used fixation method for distal radius fractures.However,when the fracture line involves the dorsal articular surface,palmar plate fixation carries a higher risk of postoperative displacement of the dorsal bone mass,especially the dorsal sigmoid notch bone mass. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the fracture line characteristics of distal radius fracture involving the dorsal articular surface,and further investigate the risk factors of postoperative displacement of the dorsal bone mass involving the sigmoid notch,so as to provide evidence for improving the success rate of surgery. METHODS:Retrospective analysis was performed on patients with distal radius fracture who were admitted to Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to September 2022.The number of dorsal fractures of the distal radius of 1,2,3 and above was divided into types Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ based on preoperative CT images.The fracture line maps were drawn respectively to analyze the morphological characteristics of the dorsal fracture lines.Patients with dorsal sigmoid notch fracture were followed up for more than 3 months and divided into displaced group and non-displaced group according to whether the dorsal sigmoid notch bone mass displacement occurred after surgery.Age,sex,preoperative and postoperative CT anatomical parameters were compared between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)145 patients with type C of AO/OTA involving the dorsal articular surface were analyzed by fracture line map.According to the number of dorsal fractures,there were 25 cases of type Ⅰ fracture(17.2％),82 cases of type Ⅱ fracture(56.6％),and 38 cases of type Ⅲ fracture(26.2％).Fracture line map showed that the fracture line of type Ⅰ fracture block mainly involved sigmoid notch;type Ⅱ mainly involved sigmoid notch and lister tubercle,and type Ⅲ involved sigmoid notch,lister tubercle,and dorsal radial column.Among the 145 patients,86.2％(125/145 cases)were involved in sigmoid notch,of which type Ⅲ was involved as high as 94.7％(36/38 cases);type Ⅱ was involved as high as 88.0％(72/82 cases),and type Ⅰ was involved as high as 68％(17/25 cases).(2)76 cases of type C of AO/OTA involving the dorsal sigmoid notch were included for further study,of which 65 cases were not displaced after operation and 11 cases were displaced.In univariate analysis,there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in age,sex,injury site,preoperative CT dorsal sigmoid notch bone mass length(d1),ulnar length(d2),dorsal height of dorsal sigmoid notch bone mass(d4),and ulnar edge distance between steel plate and radius(d5)(P>0.05).The proportion of dorsal sigmoid notch involving the radioulnar joint:[d2/(d2+d3)],the proportion of articular surface of dorsal sigmoid notch(s1/s2),the distance between the ulnar screw tail and the edge of dorsal sigmoid notch(d6),and the number of screw fixation of dorsal sigmoid notch were statistically significant(P<0.05).(3)Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the number of screw fixation of sigmoid notch was the only risk factor affecting the displacement of sigmoid notch on dorsal ulnar side(P<0.05).(4)It is indicated that type Ⅱ is the most common intra-articular fracture of distal radius involving the back of the radius,followed by type Ⅲ and type Ⅰ with dorsal sigmoid notch bone mass.However,the dorsal sigmoid notch bone mass is prone to postoperative displacement due to the influence of the inferior radioulnar joint ligament,and the fixation of at least one effective screw during the operation can reduce the risk of displacement and help to improve the treatment effect.

The etiology and pathogenesis of post-stroke depression patients are mainly caused by liver failure, spleen failure, kidney insufficiency, marrow loss and heart loss. Post-stroke depression patients suffer from chronic illness and multiple viscera of heart, liver, spleen and kidney, resulting in emotional disorders of patients. Acupuncture treatment with meridian acupoints can achieve the therapeutic purpose of regulating qi movement, resolving depression, calming heart and calming nerves. Acupoints selection for acupuncture treatment with meridian acupoints include Governor Vessel, stomach meridian, spleen meridian, gallbladder meridian and liver meridian. Needling in acupoints in Governor Vessel and yang meridians can regulate and replenish the middle qi, strengthen the brain and concentrate, and improve the depressed state of patients; needling in acupoints in liver meridian can soothe liver and resolve depression, regulate mood and emotion. The selected acupoints for acupuncture on the inner and outer meridians are the liver meridian-gallbladder meridian, spleen meridian-stomach meridian, and collateral accompanied acupoints. Needling at acupoints can promote and restore the movement of qi, exerting the power of regulating qi flow, relieving depression, and calming the mind. The acupoints selected for the acupuncture of the same named meridian are the acupoints of Jueyin meridians of the hands and feet. Needling related acupoints is used to soothe the liver, relieve depression, regulate the heart and calm the mind.

Thoracic anesthesia with spontaneous respiration represents a form of precision anesthesia meticulously customized to individual patients.Considering the more stringent requirements this anesthesia approach imposes on the regulation of respiratory function,the writing group of the"Consensus of Experts on the Management of Thoracic Anesthesia with Spontaneous Respiration"has formulated elaborate guidelines regarding indications and contraindications,preoperative evaluation,anesthesia implementation,common complications,and treatment strategies.This was accomplished by referencing relevant domestic and international literature and integrating it with actual clinical requirements.The objective is to standardize the rational application of this anesthesia method.

Thoracic anesthesia with spontaneous respiration represents a form of precision anesthesia meticulously customized to individual patients.Considering the more stringent requirements this anesthesia approach imposes on the regulation of respiratory function,the writing group of the"Consensus of Experts on the Management of Thoracic Anesthesia with Spontaneous Respiration"has formulated elaborate guidelines regarding indications and contraindications,preoperative evaluation,anesthesia implementation,common complications,and treatment strategies.This was accomplished by referencing relevant domestic and international literature and integrating it with actual clinical requirements.The objective is to standardize the rational application of this anesthesia method.

Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) is a liver disease characterized by steatosis, inflammation, and necrosis of the liver tissue as a result of excessive alcohol consumption. Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a xenobiotic nuclear receptor best known for its function in the transcriptional regulation of drug metabolism and disposition. Clinical reports suggested that the antibiotic rifampicin, a potent human PXR activator, is a contraindication in alcoholics, but the mechanism was unclear. In this study, we showed that the hepatic expression of fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) was uniquely elevated in ASH patients and a mouse model of ASH. Pharmacological inhibiting FABP4 attenuated ASH in mice. Furthermore, treatment of mice with the mouse PXR agonist pregnenolon-16α-carbonitrile (PCN) induced the hepatic and circulating levels of FABP4 and exacerbated ASH in a PXR-dependent manner. Our mechanism study established FABP4 as a transcriptional target of PXR. Treatment with andrographolide, a natural compound and dual inhibitor of PXR and FABP4, alleviated mice from ASH. In summary, our results showed that the PXR-FABP4 gene regulatory axis plays an important role in the progression of ASH, which may have accounted for the contraindication of rifampicin in patients of alcoholic liver disease. Pharmacological inhibition of PXR and/or FABP4 may have its promise in the clinical management of ASH.

The emerging biomedical industry has an increasing demand for the professional talents and puts forward higher requirements for the quality, especially the innovation ability of the talents. Exploring a new model for fostering the innovation ability of postgraduates majoring in biological and medical sciences based on the principle of integrating production, education and research is of practical significance for improving the quality of professional talents and empowering the bio-economic development. Taking the training of innovation ability of postgraduates majoring in biological and medical sciences at Jiangnan University as an example, this paper introduced a new training system of "six integration and six optimizations". This system included ideological guidance, discipline system, training program, faculty, research innovation platform, and communication and cooperation. Satisfactory cultivation results were achieved with this new system. This paper is expected to provide reference for the training of innovative talents in the biological and medical industry.
Biological Science Disciplines/education* ; China ; Biomedical Research ; Humans ; Inventions