Long non-coding RNAs ( lncRNAs) are a class of RNA molecules which are unable to codify proteins. They express abnormally in tumor cells including prostate cancer cells and play a significant role in development of tumor. Some lncRNAs have been proven to affect physiological processes of prostate cells and act as tumor suppressor or activator and could be regulated through several methods. Thus, lncRNAs have the potential to be therapeutic targets of prostate cancer. This review introduces expressed abnormally ln-cRNAs in prostate cancer and their functions and mechanisms in prostate cancer.

Objective:To study the alteration of cardiac function in diabetic patients and evaluate the relationship between cardiac function and BNP. Methods:83 diabetic patients and 12 healthy subjects were selected into the study. Left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) and mitral annular early diastole (E) and late diastole (A) inflow velocities were measured with echocardiography. Plasma BNP were measured with Immnoradiometic assay(IRMA)? Results:According to the result of the echocardiography, the diabetics who have no primary cardiac diseases were subdivided into normal cardiac function group( n =24,28.9%),diastolic dysfunction group( n =47,56.7%), systolic dysfunction group( n =6,7.2%), both diastolic and systolic dysfunction group( n =6,7.2%). More than half of diabetic patients have diastolic dysfunction. The plasma level of BNP had significant negative correlation with LVEF( r = -0.614, P

Twelve healthysubjects and 71 diabetic patients, including 47 cases with diastolic heart failure (DHF), were enrolled into the study. Plasma atrial natiuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were measured with immunoradiometric assay. The result showed that the plasma levels of ANP and BNP were significantly increased in accordance withthe severity of DHF. The ratio of E/A had significantly negative correlation with the plasma levels of BNP(r=-0.669,P

Objective To study the change of diastolic cardiac function in diabetic patients and to determine the diagnostic value of plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and atria natriuretic peptide (ANP) for diastolic heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods Twelve healthy subjects and seventy-one diabetic patients were included in the study.Plasma BNP and ANP were measured with immunoradiometic assay.Results Plasma levels ofBNP andANP increased significantly with increased severity of diastolic heart dysfunction.The ratio of E/A had significant negative correlation with the plasma levels of BNP (r=0.669,P＜0.001) and ANP (r=0.579,P＜0.01).AUC of ANP and BNP in ROC model was 91.9% and 65.3%,respectively.Conclusions The plasma level of BNP might be a valuable predictor for differential diagnosis of diastolic cardiac function in diabetic patients.

Objective: To determine the diagnostic value of the concentration of plasma BNP and ANP in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with diastolic heart failure(DHF). Methods:12 healthy subjects and 71 diabetic patients were selected into the study. Left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) ,mitral annular early diastole (E) and late diastole (A) inflow velocities were measured with Doppler echocardiography .According to the result of ratio of E to A, the DHF patients were subdivided into DHF 1 group:0.8 ≤ E/A

Objective To investigate the clinical value of noninvasive monitoring technique in intracranial hemorrhage and secondary brain edema after operation for traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods A retrospective case-series analysis was done on 196 TBI patients (128 males and 68 females,aged 18-60 years old,median age 36.5 years old) admitted from January 2014 to December 2015 and treated surgically with simultaneous implantation of intracranial pressure (ICP) probe.There were 89 patients with Glasgow coma score (GCS) 6-8 points and 107 with GCS 9-12 points.The values of ICP were recorded.The changes of cerebral electrical impedance (CEI) were monitored in all patients through the BORN-BE noninvasive monitor.Results The disturbance factor of the BORN-BE noninvasive monitor in brain edema in the cerebral stage exhibited a strongly positive correlation with ICP (R =0.954,R2 =0.910,P ＜ 0.05).All the rebleeding occurred within 24 hours after operation in the study.The disturbance factor showed a significant reduction in the bleeding side,which exhibited a strongly negative correlation with the volume of cerebral hemorrhage (R =-0.982,R2 =0.964,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion After operation for TBI,the ICE changes from dynamic noninvasive monitor can reflect the severity of brain edema digitally,indicating that the postoperative rebleeding and its volume may play an important role in selection of optimal treatment.

Objective: To explore the potential mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion in treating Crohn disease (CD) by evaluating the changes in histamine and inflammatory factors in the skin tissue at Tianshu (ST25) of rats.Methods: Fifty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal group (n=14) and a CD-modeling group (n=44). Rats in the CD-modeling group received enema with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid plus ethanol to establish CD models. The enema was repeated once every 7 d for a total of 4 times. After modeling, four modeled rats and four normal rats were randomly selected for model identification. After the CD model was successfully established, the remaining rats in the CD-modeling group were randomly divided into a model group, an acupuncture group, a moxibustion group, and a Western medication group, with ten rats in each group. The rats in the acupuncture and moxibustion groups were treated with acupuncture or moxibustion at Tianshu (ST25) and Shangjuxu (ST37); the rats in the Western medication group were treated with mesalazine enteric-coated tablets by gavage for continuous 7 d. After the intervention, the colon tissue of rats in each group was collected. After gross observation, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was performed to further observe the pathological changes. The expression of histamine in the skin tissue at Tianshu (ST25) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, IL-10, and IL-6 in the skin tissue at Tianshu (ST25) was detected by Western blotting. Results: Compared with the normal group, the colonic wall of rats in the model group showed cobblestone-like changes, local ulcers, and polyps in dark red and thickening and hardening. HE staining showed local loss of mucosal epithelial layer and formation of slit-like ulcers, destruction of mucosal glands, edema, and infiltration of inflammatory cells in lamina propria and submucosa, and occasional formation of sarcoid-like granuloma. The levels of histamine and IL-6 were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the levels of TNF-α, IL-18, and IL-10 were significantly down- regulated (P<0.01 or P<0.05) in the skin tissue at Tianshu (ST25) of rats in the model group. Compared with the model group, the pathomorphological damage of the colon tissue of rats in the acupuncture group, moxibustion group, and Western medication group was significantly improved. The levels of histamine and IL-6 were significantly down- regulated (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the level of IL-10 was significantly up-regulated (P<0.01) in the skin at Tianshu (ST25) of rats in the acupuncture group. The levels of histamine and IL-6 were significantly down-regulated (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the levels of TNF-α, IL-18, and IL-10 were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01 or P<0.05) in the skin tissue at Tianshu (ST25) of rats in the moxibustion group. The level of histamine was significantly down-regulated (P<0.01), and the levels of IL-18 and IL-10 were significantly up-regulated (P<0.05, P<0.01) in the skin tissue of rats in the Western medication group. Compared with the acupuncture group, the level of IL-10 in the skin tissue at Tianshu (ST25) of rats in the moxibustion group was significantly up-regulated (P<0.01). Conclusion: The inflammatory responses in the skin tissue at Tianshu (ST25) may be the external manifestation of CD. Significant differences in the regulation of inflammatory responses in the skin tissue at Tianshu (ST25) between acupuncture and moxibustion exist, which may be caused by the differences in the stimulation characteristics between acupuncture and moxibustion.

Objective: To study the microstructure development of mandibular bone in rats on timing sequence and under different occlusal force. Methods: 63 male SD rats aged 23 days were randomly divided into three groups (n = 7): Baseline group, soft-diet (SD) group and hard-diet (HD) group. 7 rats were killed at week 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 respectively after feeding the food with different hardness.Micro-CT was used to reconstruct and analysis microstructure of the region of interest in mandible of the rats. Results: Compared with HD group, bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) and trabecular thickness (Tb. Th) decreased significantly after 4 th week (P ＜ 0. 05), the bone surface/bone volume (BS/BV) and trabecular separation (Tb. Sp) increased significantly during the 4 th to the 6 th week (P ＜0. 05) . Conclusion: In the process of mandibular development in rats, reduction of occlusal force may lead to reduction of bone mass, and the changes of microstructure are closely related to the time of intervention.

Objective To calculate the standardized cesarean delivery rate by considering the individual characteristics of puerprae, and to evaluate the medical quality of obstetrics in the hospital. Methods Medical records of 69 406 puerprae from January to December in 2016 were collected from 33 tertiary general hospitals in Shanxi province. A logistic regression model was used to construct a maternal risk adjustment model of cesarean delivery, with the area under the ROC curve (AUC) used to evaluate the goodness of fit of the model. Results Of the 69 406 puerprae, 30 881 used caesarean delivery, accounting to 44. 37% . The cesarean section rate difference was statistically significant among those of different age, nationality, conditions upon admission, whether to participate in a clinical pathway, fetus number, birth weight and maternal gestational age, as well as the severity of complications (P< 0. 001). According to the logistic model, those of older age, history of cesarean delivery, twins or triplet births, neonatal overweight, malposition, placenta previa, and those with various pregnancy complications tend to use maternal cesarean section surgery, with a goodness-of-fit of 0. 82. With risk adjusted, the ranking of actual cesarean section rate and standardized cesarean section rate varies among the hospitals. Conclusions With the factor of puerprae factor adjusted, the standardized cesarean delivery rate can eliminate risk factors of the puerprae, it is feasible to scientifically evaluate the cesarean delivery rate of the hospital′s obstetric department.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment of Beh?et′s disease complicated with cardiac valve involvement.Methods:We searched the wanfang medical database and Medline database to reviewed the domestic and foreign literature reports on cardiac Beh?et′s disease and analyzed their clinical features and therapeutic strategies. Chi-squared test was used for data analysis.Results:It was shown that Beh?et′s disease with cardiac valve involvement mainly affect men. The male to female ratio was 3.86∶1 in China and 2.50∶1 in foreign patients( χ2=1.32, P=0.251). The preoperative diagnosis rate was not high(60.3% in China, 57.1% abroad) ( χ2=0.13, P=0.716). Aortic valve and perivalvular lesions were the most common involved sites, of which aortic regurgitation was the most frequenty occurred, followed by mitral valve lesions. Glucocorticoids was still the main means treatment for medical(93/235 in China, 28/420 abroad), cyclophosphamide was more widely used in China(28/235), azathioprine was more widely used in foreign countries (12/42). Aortic replacement (AVR) was the mainly surgical approach, followed by artificial aortic valve replacement and left ventricular outflow tract plasty (Bentall).The incidence of postoperative perivalvular leakage or valve prolapse was higher with AVR than with Bentall(AVR 76.3%/Bentall 21.8% at home, χ2=32.60, P<0.001, AVR 71.4%/Bentall 0 abroad, χ2=13.84, P<0.001). Conclusions:Cardiac valve involvement is a severe complication of Beh?et′s disease. Heart involvement are more common, and the preoperative diagnosis rate is lower in China. The incidence of perivalve leakage (PVL) or valve prolapse (PD) after operation is higher with AVR than with Bentall surgery.The Bentall operation could improve prognosis and the postoperative complications abroad are lower than domestic.