Objective To study the change of diastolic cardiac function in diabetic patients and to determine the diagnostic value of plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and atria natriuretic peptide (ANP) for diastolic heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods Twelve healthy subjects and seventy-one diabetic patients were included in the study.Plasma BNP and ANP were measured with immunoradiometic assay.Results Plasma levels ofBNP andANP increased significantly with increased severity of diastolic heart dysfunction.The ratio of E/A had significant negative correlation with the plasma levels of BNP (r=0.669,P＜0.001) and ANP (r=0.579,P＜0.01).AUC of ANP and BNP in ROC model was 91.9% and 65.3%,respectively.Conclusions The plasma level of BNP might be a valuable predictor for differential diagnosis of diastolic cardiac function in diabetic patients.

Objective To establish a method for the determination of patchouli alcohol in Huoxiang Qingwei Tablets by gas chromatography (GC).Methods HP- 5 column( 30 m? 0.32 mm? 0.25 ? m) was used and 5 % crosslinked phenyl polydimethyl siloxane was used as the mobile phase. The increase of column temperature was controlled by programming: the initial temperature was 150 ℃ and maintained for 23 min, and then rose at 8 ℃ /min up to 230 ℃ for 2 min. The injector temperature and the detector temperature both were 280 ℃ .The flow rate was 0.9 mL/min and the injection volume was 1 ? L, split ratio was 5∶ 1.Result A good linearity was obtained in the range of 0.057～ 1.140 mg/mL,r=0.9994. The average recovery was 99.38 % with a RSD of 1.82 % (n=5). Conclusion The method is simple and accurate and can be used for the quality control of Huoxiang Qingwei Tablets.

Objective To determinate the content of Danshensu in Xingkenin g Capsules by HPLC.Methods HPLC with Hypersil ODS2 column was used, MeOH- 1 % acetic acid( 12:88) as a mobile phase and detection wavelength at 280nm.Re sults The linear range of Danshensu was in the range of 0.256～ 1.278 ? g. Th e average recovery of Danshensu was 102.73 % with a RSD of 1.34 % .Conclusio n The method is simple with a good reproducibility and can be used for the qu ality control of Xingkening Capsules.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of noninvasive monitoring technique in intracranial hemorrhage and secondary brain edema after operation for traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods A retrospective case-series analysis was done on 196 TBI patients (128 males and 68 females,aged 18-60 years old,median age 36.5 years old) admitted from January 2014 to December 2015 and treated surgically with simultaneous implantation of intracranial pressure (ICP) probe.There were 89 patients with Glasgow coma score (GCS) 6-8 points and 107 with GCS 9-12 points.The values of ICP were recorded.The changes of cerebral electrical impedance (CEI) were monitored in all patients through the BORN-BE noninvasive monitor.Results The disturbance factor of the BORN-BE noninvasive monitor in brain edema in the cerebral stage exhibited a strongly positive correlation with ICP (R =0.954,R2 =0.910,P ＜ 0.05).All the rebleeding occurred within 24 hours after operation in the study.The disturbance factor showed a significant reduction in the bleeding side,which exhibited a strongly negative correlation with the volume of cerebral hemorrhage (R =-0.982,R2 =0.964,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion After operation for TBI,the ICE changes from dynamic noninvasive monitor can reflect the severity of brain edema digitally,indicating that the postoperative rebleeding and its volume may play an important role in selection of optimal treatment.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of health education project on prevention and control of endemic diseases in Henan Province.Methods:According to the distribution and condition of endemic diseases in Henan Province, from 2008 to 2015, five project counties (cities, districts, referred to as counties) were selected in each provincial city. Three townships (towns) were selected from each project county as project townships (towns), and one central primary school and the village where the school was located were selected from each township (town) as health education survey sites. The prospective study method was adopted. Firstly, the students in the primary school of the project township (town) and the housewives in the project village were investigated with questionnaire. The intervention activities of health education were carried out in the county, township (town), village and school of the project. The intervention effect of health education was evaluated by questionnaire survey two months later.Results:There were 111 870 people investigated in Henan Province, including 74 580 students and 37 290 housewives. A total of 99 671 people were surveyed after the intervention, including 66 249 students and 33 422 housewives. Elementary student's awareness rate of endemic diseases prevention and control knowledge increased from 59.74% before intervention to 92.89% after intervention, the housewives' awareness rate increased from 65.62% before intervention to 91.82% after intervention. The awareness rate of the target population increased from 61.70% before intervention to 92.53% after intervention ( P < 0.01); among them, the awareness rates of iodine deficiency disorders, drinking water type fluorosis, coal-burning type fluorosis, drinking water type arsenic poisoning, Kashin-Beck disease and Keshan disease were significantly increased ( P < 0.01). Conclusion:With the implementation of health education project, the awareness rate of knowledge on endemic diseases has increased distinctly.

Objective: To explore the potential mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion in treating Crohn disease (CD) by evaluating the changes in histamine and inflammatory factors in the skin tissue at Tianshu (ST25) of rats.Methods: Fifty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal group (n=14) and a CD-modeling group (n=44). Rats in the CD-modeling group received enema with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid plus ethanol to establish CD models. The enema was repeated once every 7 d for a total of 4 times. After modeling, four modeled rats and four normal rats were randomly selected for model identification. After the CD model was successfully established, the remaining rats in the CD-modeling group were randomly divided into a model group, an acupuncture group, a moxibustion group, and a Western medication group, with ten rats in each group. The rats in the acupuncture and moxibustion groups were treated with acupuncture or moxibustion at Tianshu (ST25) and Shangjuxu (ST37); the rats in the Western medication group were treated with mesalazine enteric-coated tablets by gavage for continuous 7 d. After the intervention, the colon tissue of rats in each group was collected. After gross observation, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was performed to further observe the pathological changes. The expression of histamine in the skin tissue at Tianshu (ST25) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, IL-10, and IL-6 in the skin tissue at Tianshu (ST25) was detected by Western blotting. Results: Compared with the normal group, the colonic wall of rats in the model group showed cobblestone-like changes, local ulcers, and polyps in dark red and thickening and hardening. HE staining showed local loss of mucosal epithelial layer and formation of slit-like ulcers, destruction of mucosal glands, edema, and infiltration of inflammatory cells in lamina propria and submucosa, and occasional formation of sarcoid-like granuloma. The levels of histamine and IL-6 were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the levels of TNF-α, IL-18, and IL-10 were significantly down- regulated (P<0.01 or P<0.05) in the skin tissue at Tianshu (ST25) of rats in the model group. Compared with the model group, the pathomorphological damage of the colon tissue of rats in the acupuncture group, moxibustion group, and Western medication group was significantly improved. The levels of histamine and IL-6 were significantly down- regulated (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the level of IL-10 was significantly up-regulated (P<0.01) in the skin at Tianshu (ST25) of rats in the acupuncture group. The levels of histamine and IL-6 were significantly down-regulated (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the levels of TNF-α, IL-18, and IL-10 were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01 or P<0.05) in the skin tissue at Tianshu (ST25) of rats in the moxibustion group. The level of histamine was significantly down-regulated (P<0.01), and the levels of IL-18 and IL-10 were significantly up-regulated (P<0.05, P<0.01) in the skin tissue of rats in the Western medication group. Compared with the acupuncture group, the level of IL-10 in the skin tissue at Tianshu (ST25) of rats in the moxibustion group was significantly up-regulated (P<0.01). Conclusion: The inflammatory responses in the skin tissue at Tianshu (ST25) may be the external manifestation of CD. Significant differences in the regulation of inflammatory responses in the skin tissue at Tianshu (ST25) between acupuncture and moxibustion exist, which may be caused by the differences in the stimulation characteristics between acupuncture and moxibustion.

Objective To explore the disparity of severity of cardiac dysfunction and recovery among different glycometabolic patients in the early phase of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) . Methods Consecutive 111 AMI patients without known diabetes underwent continuous glucose monitoring. Patients with different glycometabolic status were compared in terms of cadiac dysfunction and recovery at admission and 3month follow up. Results Compared to patients with normglycemia and transient hyperglycemia, patitents with persistent hyperglycemia were more likely to grade Killip Ⅱ or above,which were 13.3% (4/30) ,33. 3% ( 12/36) ,55. 6% (25/45), 20. 0% ( 6/30), 41.7% ( 15/36 ) and 93.3% (42/45) ( Ps ＜ 0. 01 ). In-hospital left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), mitral valve protodiastolic E peak velocities (E) and its ratio to late diastolic (E/A) decreased significantly ( LVEF :0. 52 ± 0. 02,0. 48 ± 0. 01 and 0. 37 ± 0. 02; E: [0. 65 ± 0. 41]m/s,[0.55 ± 0.02] m/s and [0.39 ±0. 12]m/s;E/A:1. 15 ±0.08,1.02 ±0.06 and 0.61 ±0.02,respectively) ( Ps ＜ 0. 01 ), whereas LVESV and WMSI increased significantly ( LVESV: [25.83 ± 0. 51] ml,[31.26 ± 1.23] ml, [37, 72 ± 1.01] ml; WMSI: 1.5 ± 0. 3,1.8 ± 0. 2 and 2. 6 ± 0. 4, respectively) ( Ps ＜ 0. 01 )There months after AMI,patitents with persistent hyperglycemia were more likely to grade NYHA Ⅱ or above compared to patients with normglycemia and transient hyperglycemia [67.5% (27/40), 10.0% (3/30) and 11.8% (4/34),respectively] (P ＜0. 01 ). Echocardiographic recovery was observed in each group,but less in persistent hyperglycemia patients. Conclusion Cardiac function of patients with persistent hyperglycemia suffered more severely from AMI and difficult to recover.

One hundred and eleven patients with acute myocardial infarction and without known diabetes mellitus who underwent continuous glucose monitoring were divided into normoglycemia(n = 30),transient hyperglycemia(n = 36),and persistent hyperglycemia(n = 45)groups.Compared with other two groups,higher mean blood glucose,standard deviation of blood glucose,largest amplitude of glycemic excursions,mean amplitude of glycemic excursions,and absolute mean of daily differences were observed in the patients with persistent hyperglycemia group(all P<0.01),who were more likely to be female with the history of hypertension and old myocardial infarction(all P<0.05).It was shown that the levels of aspartate aminotransferase,creatine phosphokinase(CK),CK-MB,total cholesterol,triglyceride,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HbA1C,and C reactive protein levels were higher in these patients(P<0.01).

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the effects of tanshinone IIA ( Tan IIA) on proliferation, apoptosis and its mo-lecular mechanism in human hepatoma HepG2 cells under hypoxic condition.METHODS:Hypoxia model was established by treatment with cobalt chloride ( CoCl2 ) .The cells were divided into normoxia control group, hypoxia control group and hypoxia combined at different concentrations of Tan IIA groups.After HepG2 cells were incubated with different concentra-tions of Tan IIA (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/L) for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h under hypoxic condition, the cell prolifer-ation was determined by MTT assay.After Tan IIA was added to the media at different concentrations for 24 h and 48 h, the apoptotic cells were observed by Hoechst 33258 staining.The protein levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) , vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) and wild-type P53 were detected by Western blotting after cultured with different concentrations of Tan IIA for 48 h.RESULTS:Tan IIA inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner.Tan IIA induced the typical morphology of apoptotic cells and increased the apoptotic rate in a dose-and time-dependent manner after treatment with 1.0 mg/L~5.0 mg/L for 24 h and 48 h under hypoxic condition. The protein levels of HIF-1αand VEGF were weakly expressed in HepG2 cells under normoxia but up-regulated after incu-bated under hypoxia for 48 h.The protein expression of HIF-1αand VEGF were decreased with the increase in the concen-tration of Tan IIA under hypoxia.The protein expression of wild-type P53 was increased with the increase in the concentra-tions of Tan IIA under hypoxia.CONCLUSION:Tan IIA significantly inhibits the proliferation and induces the apoptosis of human hepatoma HepG2 cells under hypoxia, which may be related to the down-regulation of HIF-1αand VEGF and up-regulation of wild-type P53.

Aim To investigate the mechanism of demethylation on adenosine (ADO )and homocysteine (HCY)-induced apoptosis in human hepatoma HepG2 cells .Methods HepG 2 cells were treated with differ-ent concentrations of ADO (1.0、2.0、4.0 mol · L-1 ) alone or in combination with HCY for 6h,12h and 24h,5-aza-2-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-CdR)as a positive control.Cell viabilities were assessed by CCK8 assay. Cell apoptosis was observed by AnnexinV-FITC/PI staining.The mitochondrial membrane potentials(ΔΨ) were measured by flow cytometry.The mRNA and pro-tein expressions of caspase-3,caspase-8,caspase-9, MDM-2,p53,Cytochrome C,DNMT1,DNMT3a,DN-MT3 b were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot re-spectively.Results ADO alone or in combination with HCY significantly reduced the viability of HepG2 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner.The apoptotic rates of HepG2 cells after combination treatment with ADO and HCY at 1 .0,2.0,4.0 mol · L-1 for 24 h were (1 8.63 ± 1.25 )%,(29.42 ±2.37 )% and (42.47 ±3.09 )%,compared with the control group (1.30 ±0.82 )%,P <0.01;and the mitochondrial membrane potentials were decreased from 674.15 ± 82.8%(black control group)to (428.38 ±54.5)%, (297.78 ±30.5)%,(74.45 ±5.73)%,P<0.01, respectively.The expressions of caspase-3,caspase-8, caspase-9,MDM-2,p53,Cytochrome C were up-regula-ted and MDM-2 were down-regulated after combination treatment of ADO and HCY.The mRNA expressions of DNMT1 ,DNMT3 a and DNMT3 b were down-regulated after combination treatment with ADO and HCY or 5-Aza-CdR alone.Conclusion Combination treatment of ADO and HCY can cause cellular methylation chan-ges.The effects of demethylation of ADO and HCY may activate p53 gene and mitochondrial pathway, which at last leads to HepG2 cell apoptosis.