Objective: To understand the nutritional status of primary and secondary school students in Furong District of Changsha from 2015 to 2021 and provide a basis for the targeted child health care. Methods: Data of autumn health check of primary and secondary school students in Furong District of Changsha was collected from 2015 to 2021. A total of 345 968 students were enrolled, and their nutritional status was analyzed. Results: The overall malnutrition rate of students showed a downward trend, and the differences were statistically significant( χ 2=2 177.92, P <0.01); the overall overweight detection rate of students increased from 5.22% to 13.75% in 2021, showing an upward trend year by year, the differences were statistically significant( χ 2=6 476.36, P < 0.01 ); the overall obesity detection rate of students in 2021 had increased compared with that in 2015, increasing from 11.43% to 11.73%,showing an upward trend year by year( χ 2=20.03, P <0.01). The annual rates of malnutrition, overweight, and obesity in boys were higher than those in girls( P <0.01). Conclusion The malnutrition status of primary and middle school students in Furong District of Changsha has been improving year by year, but students overweight and obesity rates have been increasing, and the nutritional status of boys is more prominent than girls. Therefore, targeted coping strategies should be adopted in health care.

Objective:By analyzing factors associated with lower urinary tract symptoms in middle-aged and elderly women aged 55-65 years old, a nomogram model for lower urinary tract symptoms was constructed to assist the clinical development of targeted interventions to reduce the incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms in this population.Methods:In the cross-sectional study, 798 middle-aged and elderly women aged 55-65 years receiving physical examination in the Health Management Center of Third Xiangya Hospital from November 2013 to December 2020 were selected as research participants.Univariate regression analysis was used to compare differences in the basic data related to lower urinary tract symptoms in the population.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify related influencing factors, and a nomogram model for lower urinary tract symptoms in the population was established.Results:Among 798 middle-aged and elderly women surveyed, the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms was 81.08 %(647 cases), and the rate of urinary tract infections was 21.48 %(139 cases). Variables with statistical significance in univariate regression analysis were included in multivariate Logistic regression analysis.The results showed that body mass index, vaginal delivery, strength of pelvic floor type Ⅱ fiber muscle, pelvic and abdominal coordination and mental health were independent influencing factors for lower urinary tract symptoms in middle-aged and elderly women aged 55-65 years( OR=1.099, 2.681, 0.895, 0.658, 1.057, P=0.010, 0.030, 0.040, 0.010, 0.038). The monogram model based on the five risk prediction indexes produced a consistency index(C-index)of 0.651 and a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 66.9% and 58.9%, respectively.The correction curve showed that the predicted results of the model were essentially the same as the actual probability of condition. Conclusions:In this study, the independent influencing factors for lower urinary tract symptoms in middle-aged and elderly women aged 55-65 years were screened by univariate regression and multivariate Logistic regression analysis and a nomogram model for risk prediction of the population was constructed, was proved to have a good ability for accurately and effectively predicting the risk of lower urinary tract symptoms in middle-aged and elderly women aged 55-65 years, and will assist clinicians to screen for high-risk patients, formulate targeted interventions, and reduce the incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms in middle-aged and elderly women aged 55-65 years.

Objective To establish a mouse model of pregnancy pain-depression comorbidity induced by chronic unpredictable stress (CUS), complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), and formalin, and to systematically evaluate the associated phenotypes and preliminarily explore the pathological basis of the comorbidity.Methods Eight-week-old C57BL/6J female mice were randomly strarified divided into a control group (no intervention before pregnancy) and a CUS model group (CUS intervention before pregnancy) based on sucrose preference test (SPT) data. After completing the CUS treatment, female and male mice were paired and mated. Pain was induced by injecting 50% CFA and 5% formalin in the right hind foot during pregnancy to create a model of pregnancy pain-depression comorbidity. The experiment was divided into 8 subgroups: control-blank group, CUS-blank group, control-CFA group, CUS-CFA group, control-formalin group, CUS-formalin group, control-CFA+formalin group, and CUS-CFA+formalin group, with 10 mice in each group. The mice in each group were subject to behavioral tests, including the SPT, forced swimming test, tail suspension test, and open field test before and after CUS intervention, during pregnancy, and after delivery. Pain sensitivity changes were measured using mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia tests. Mice were then euthanized. Levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in hippocampus, as well as cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in serum, were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsCompared with the control-blank group, the CUS-blank group showed a significant depression-like behavior with reduced pain threshold (P<0.001). The control-CFA+formalin group showed a decrease in pain threshold after both CFA injection and formalin injection (P<0.01). Compared with the control-blank and control-formalin groups, the pain threshold was significantly lower in the CUS-formalin group (P<0.01), with a sequential decrease among the three. Compared with the control-blank and control-CFA groups, the pain threshold was significantly lower in the CUS-CFA group (P<0.001), with a sequential decrease among the three. Compared with the control-blank and control-CFA+formalin groups, the mechanical pain threshold of mice in the CUS-CFA+formalin group was significantly lower (P<0.001) and the thermal radiation tolerance time was shorter (P<0.01), both with sequential decreases among the three. Compared with the control-CFA+formalin and the CUS-blank groups, the CUS-CFA+formalin group had a significantly lower percentage of sucrose preference (P<0.001), longer immobility time during the forced swimming test (P<0.001) and tail suspension test (P<0.001), reduced central exploration time in the open field test (P<0.001), reduced total exploration distance (P<0.001), and reduced percentage of distance traveled for central exploration (P<0.001). Compared with the control-CFA+formalin and CUS-blank groups, the serum cortisol and ACTH levels of the CUS-CFA+formalin group were significantly higher (P<0.01), and the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the hippocampus were higher (P<0.05).Conclusion The combination of CUS+CFA+formalin injections is an ideal method for establishing a C57BL/6J mouse model of pregnancy pain-depression comorbidity. The behavioral changes in model mice may be attributed to the regulation of inflammatory response in hippocampus and hormone levels in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.