Objective To explore the safety and clinical efficacy of central venous infusions of concentrated potassium chloride corrects hypokalemia by micro-pump in intensive care unit(ICU). Methods The data was analyzed retrospectively on 78 patients with hypokahmia in ICU. They were randomly divided into 2 groups: general group (39 cases) with potassium concentration 40 mmol/L and the rate 10-20 mmol/h,concentrated potassium group(39 cases) with potassium concentration 100-300 mmol/L and the rate 40-200 retool/h, calculating the whole potassium dosage respectively, examining the initial potassium concentration, urine volume per hour, the mean time to aimed potassium concentration and side effect.Results The initial potassium concentration and the whole potassium dosage were no significant difference between the two groups [(2.9 ± 0.2), (3.0 ± 0.2) mmol/L and (85.2 ± 8.7), (92.3 ± 7.6) mmol, respectively](P >0.05). It took longer time reaching the aimed potassium concentration in general group than that in concentrated potassium group [(17.25 ± 4.49) hours and (5.67 ± 0.75) hours, respectively] (P < 0.01).There were no comphcations such as hyperkalemia, fatal arrhythmia and phlebitis. Five patients were bloating in general group. Condusions Under meticulous monitoring, it is effective and relative safely to correct hypokahmia by central venous infusions of concentrated potassium chloride using micro- pump in ICU. The therapy is of clinical value in treating hypokalemia patients.

Objective To analyze the effects of "whole-jobs" double tutorial system in clinical nursing teaching.Methods A total of 120 nursing students in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from 2013 to 2015 were randomly divided into the experimental group and control group with 60 cases respectively. Control group used the traditional "jobs" teacher teaching mode, while the experimental group adopted "whole-jobs" double tutorial system teaching mode. Clinical comprehensive ability and the nursing students' evaluation of the teaching mode were compared between two groups.Results After the practice, the score of the clinical comprehensive ability of the nursing students in the experimental group was (87.54±2.09), while the score in the control group was (73.89±2.15). There was statistically significant difference between two groups (t=1.781,P<0.05). The satisfaction rates of nurses to the clinical "whole-jobs" were 96.7% in the experimental group and 90.0% in the control group, with statistically significant difference between two groups (χ2=6.287,P<0.05).Conclusions The "whole-jobs" double tutorial system has significant teaching effects, with a high satisfaction of nursing students to the clinical teaching method, thus it can be promoted in clinical teaching of nursing students.

Objective To compare the adverse reaction′s incidence of oxaliplatin with three different injection ways , to explore the most appropriate infusion .Methods A total of 90 patients were randomly divided into 3 groups averagely: peripheral vein ( PV ) group, central venous catheterization ( CVC ) group and peripherally inserted central catheter ( PICC) group.The occurrence rate and degree of adverse reaction were compared among groups including peripheral neuritis , blood system , digestive system toxicity .Results The occurrence rates of peripheral neuritis were 37.50%, 21.43%, 10.00% in the PV group, CVC group and PICC group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =6.628,P<0.05).The occurrence rates of toxic action of blood system and digestive system were respectively 53.13%, 53.57%, 50.00%and 78.13%, 92.86%, 73.33%in the PV group, CVC group and PICC group with no statistical difference (χ2 =0.090, 3.892,respectively;P>0.05).Conclusions The best method of oxaliplatin infusion among these three ways is PICC, followed by CVC, and PV is not recommended.

Objective To understand the status of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) about stroke among the residents in a community of Wenzhou, and to clarify the characteristics of the intervention population and the key points for intervention, so as to carry out health education and health promotion, and improve the prevention and treatment of stroke. Methods An investigation was conducted in a total of 658 residents in a community of Wenzhou, aged from 18 to 90. The content of the investigating included the general information, the KAP about stroke, the identification of stroke warning information and the behavior of seeking medical advice. Results The highest and lowest rate of the knowledge about stroke prevention and treatment was 88.68% and 33.54%; the highest and lowest rate of the correct attitude was 79.75% and 32.67%; and the highest and lowest rate of the correct behavior was 56.17% and 10.89%. The differences of KAP in populations with different characteristics were statistically significant (P< 0.01). The top three stroke warning symptoms were one side of the face or limb numbness or weakness (59.57%), consciousness disturbance (59.42%) and comprehension disturbance (59.12%). The thop three emergency seeking hospital service behaviors of stroke were immediate delivery to hospital (19.60%), continued observation (18.54%) and calling ambulance (18.24%). Conclusions The status quo of community residents' KAP of stroke in Wenzhou is at a low level. It is suggested to carry out targeted health education to improve the residents' knowledge of stroke and promote the change of attitude and behavior, so as to prevent or delay the incidence of stroke.

Objective To investigate the effect of medium and long catheterization and intravenous indwelling on the improvement of complications of intravenous infusion in convalescent stroke patients and the influence of satisfaction.Methods A total of 100 convalescent stroke patients who needed to receive short and medium term intravenous infusion in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from August 2019 to June 2020 were selected as the study objects,and were divided into catheter group and indentation needle group of 50 patients in each group.In the catheter group,medium and long catheters were used for intravenous infusion therapy.The indentation needle group was treated with intravenous infusion therapy.The puncture times,mean retention time,complications of intravenous infusion,pain,comfort and satisfaction were compared between two groups after intervention.Results After intervention,the puncture times of catheter group were lower than that of indentation needle group,and the average retention time was higher than that of indentation needle group,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).After intervention,the complication rate of intravenous infusion in catheter group was 6.00％ lower than that in indignant needle group 32.00％ ,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).After intervention,the incidence of pain in catheter group was 36.00％ lower than that in indentation needle group 96.00％ ,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).After intervention,the comfort scores of the catheter group were higher than those of the indentation needle group,and the difference was statistically significant.After intervention,the satisfaction of catheter group was 82.00％ higher than that of indentation needle group 62.00％ ,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion In the treatment of stroke patients indentation needle group,the medium and long catheter can reduce the incidence of complications of intravenous infusion,reduce the pain of intravenous infusion,improve the comfort and satisfaction,and have clinical popularization value.

Pharmacogenomics(PGx)is a science based on functional genomics and molecular phar-macology,which has been rapidly developed and gradually applied to clinical practice in recent years.Therefore,China and the United States are committed to promoting the development of PGx education.This paper reviews PGx education in Chi-na and the United States,clarifies the significance of developing PGx education,and provides a de-tailed introduction to the current development sta-tus and challenges of PGx education in universities and clinical settings.Additionally,this paper makes some recommendations for developing PGx educa-tion and discusses future development trends in both countries.