Objective To investigate the expression and significance of cyclin E in rectum carcinoma.Methods The expression of cyclin E was examined by immunohistochemical techniques in 42 cases of rectum carcinoma.Laboratory data were then analyzed statistically together with the related clinical and pathological data.Results The positive expression rate of cyclin E in rectum carcinoma was 66.7％(28/42).There was no significant association between cyclin E and gender,age,histological grade,pTNM stage,metastasis of lymph node (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The expression of cyclin E in rectum carcinoma is higher,and it may show highly associated with the occurrence and development of the rectum carcinoma.Cyclin E has no significant association with age,gender,histological grade,pTNM stage,metastasis of lymph

OBJECTIVE: To establish the theory and method for the analysis of systematic hypothesis on adverse drugs events. METHODS: System of causal analysis of adverse drug events and analytical methods on systematic hypothesis were established by applying systematical and scientific thoughts; and the application of which in the quality analysis of oral solid preparations and injections were explained. RESULTS: The system of causal analysis consists of subsystems of drug standard deficits, problems of drugs quality, adverse drugs reactions, medication errors and drug abuse subsystems. The analysis on systematic hypothesis consisted of 4 steps: producing signal, raising the hypothesis, demonstrating, and drawing the conclusions. CONCLUSION: The causal analysis system of adverse drug events and analytical methods on systematic hypothesis combined not only reductionism with holism but also analysis with synthesis, which can help to solve the complicated matter in clinical medication.

OBJECTIVE: To lay a basis on constructing theory and method of the pharmaceutical evaluation.METHODS: By synthesizing the literature and experience,the authors summarized and explained the pharmaceutical evaluation factors which included rationality of preparations,quality controllability,and delivery efficacy etc.RESULTS: The factors of rationality of preparations included the choice of dosage form,specification and package amount;the factors of quality controllability included active constituent,foreign matter,package and stability,and the factors of delivery efficacy included dissolution or releasing degree and device packaging,CONCLUSION: This system of evaluation factors is systematic,dynamic and practical.

Objective To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics, immunophenotypes and immu-noglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Methods The clinical data of 35 patients with gastric MALT lymphoma who had been admitted to Southwest Hospital from January 1984 to June 2003 were retrospectively analyzed. The specimens of the gastric MALT lymphoma were obtained and their pathomorphological classifications were studied. The immunophenotypes and immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement were detected by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction, respectively. All the data were analyzed by chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results The main manifestations of patients with gastric MALT lymphoma were epigastric discomfort and abdominalgia. The percentage of patients with age≥40 accounted for 74% (26/35). The gastric MALT lyrnphoma has low differentia-tion in 32 patients, and high differentiation in 3 patients. There were 31 patients in Ⅰ E stage, 2 in Ⅱ E1 stage and 2 in Ⅳ stage. Pathological examination showed that gastric MALT lymphoma was composed of centrocyte-like cells and mononuclear-like B cells or lymphoplasma cells. Twenty-nine specimens were with lymphoepithelial lesions (83%), 2 with follicular colonization (6%), and 11 with plasma cells segregated beneath the surface epithelium (33%). All the 35 specimens were B cell immunotype. Restrictive expression of κ and λ light chains of the immunoglobulin was found in 19 cases, and Bcl-2 positive expression was found in 16 cases. High expres-sion of proliferating cell nuclear antigen was found in gastric MALT lymphoma with transformed blasts, which indicated that gastric MALT lymphoma with transformed blasts was more active in proliferation than those of low grade. A monoclonal pattern of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement was detected in 33 patients (94%). Conclusions Digestive symptoms are the main manifestations of patients with gastric MALT lymphoma. The incidence of gastric MALT lymphoma increases with age. The final diagnosis of gastric MALT lymphoma depends on the pathological, immunohistochemical examination and laboratory test.

Objective:To investigate gypsum fibrosum from different habitats by scanning electron microscopy ( SEM) . Methods:Gypsum fibrosum samples from different habitats were scanned by an electronic microscope. Results: The results of SEM showed that gypsum fibrosum (CaSO4·2H2O) from different habitats was with the crystal structure of fibrous,tabular or flaky aggregation. The sur-face amplification of gypsum fibrosum from Hubei showed obvious black spots,while that from the other habitats was without the feature. Conclusion:The method is simple and accurate, which can be used to investigate gypsum fibrosum from different habitats.

Objective: To investigate the effects of NO on cholestasis caused by TPN. Methods: 24 newborn rabbits were divided into 3 groups: control group, TPN for 1week group and TPN for 2weeks group. After 7 or 14 days, serum liver function test was determined using automatic biochemical analyzer, NO levels in serum and liver, liver NOS activity and iNOSmRNA expression were determined respectively by the Griess method, spectrophotometric analysis and in situ hybridization. Results: After having received TPN administration for 7 or 14 days, the NO levels of serum and liver, liver NOS activity and iNOSmRNA expression increased significantly than those in control group(P

Objective To analyze the impact of rs3826392 polymorphism in MKK4 promoter on prognosis of colorectal cancer cases (CRC) receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods The associations between rs3826392 genotype of 203 CRC cases receiving adjuvant chemotherapy and clinicopathologic factors,overall survival (OS), disease free survival (DFS) were analyzed retrospectively. Results No association was found between rs3826392 genotype and clinicopathologic factors (P > 0.05). TG+GG genotype had better OS (P = 0.018) and DFS (P =0.019) when compared with TT genotype. Cox multivariate model showed rs3826392 TG+GG genotype remained independent favorable factor for OS(HR = 0.389;95%CI = 0.177-0.855) and DFS(HR=0.491;95%CI = 0.271-0.890) respectively. Conclusion -1304G variant genotypes (i.e., TG+GG) in rs3826392 may be the biomarker of better prognosis in CRC receiving adjuvant chemotherapy.

Objective:To establish the quality standard for Tiandijing pills. Methods:A microscopic method was used to identify the crush herbs. TLC was performed to identify Rhizoma Polygonati and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi. HPLC was used to determine the con-tent of gastrodine. Results:The microscopy could identify earthworm and Acorus tatarinowii. The identification characteristics by TLC were distinct and highly specific. Gastrodine could be determined in HPLC. The linearity of gastrodine was good within the range of 19. 80-158. 40 μg·ml-1(r=1. 000 0). The average recovery of gastrodine was 98. 33% (RSD=0. 45%, n=6). Conclusion:The methods of identification and quantification are simple and reproducible, which can be used for the quality control of Tiandijing pills.

Objective: To explore the effect of different processing methods on the content changes of ferulic acid and total flavonoids in wheat bran and its processed products by HPLC and UV spectrophotometry.Methods: Ferulic acid was determined by HPLC with SHIMADZU C18 (250×4.6 mm,5 μm) as the analytical column, the mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution (16∶84), the flow rate was 1.0 ml·min-1, the detection wavelength was 320 nm and the column temperature was 35℃.Total flavonoids was determined by UV spectrophotometry at the wavelength of 258 nm(±2 nm).Results: The content of ferulic acid in the crude bran, the toasted to brown bran, the toasted to dark brown bran, the over toasted bran and the honey toasted bran was 2.07, 2.33, 1.68, 1.11 and 0.83 μg·g-1, and total flavonoids was 5.96, 7.15, 9.73, 13.61 and 9.42 mg·g-1, respectively.Conclusion: The higher the toasted processing degree is, the lower content of ferulic acid and the higher content of total flavonoids are in wheat bran.

Objective:To establish the quality standard for Juebi capsules. Methods:TLC was adopted to identify Paeoniae Ra-dix Rubra, Cyperi Rhizom and Cinnamomi Cortex; the contents of paeoniflorin and cinnamic aldehyde in Juebi capsules were deter-mined by HPLC with Wondasil C18 (250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm) as the analytical column, the mobile phase was composed of methanol-0. 2％ phosphoric acid solution with gradient elution, the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 ,the detection wavelengths were 230 nm and 290 nm, the column temperature was 40℃, and the volume injection was 10 μl. Results: The TLC spots were clear and well-separated without any negative interference;the calibration curves of paeoniflorin and Cinnamic aldehyde were in good linearity over the range of 0. 368-3. 680μg(r=0. 9999) and 0. 191-1. 914 μg(r=0. 9999), the average recovery was 101. 9 ％ and 99. 66％, and the RSD was 1. 90％ and 2. 77％ (n=6), respectively. Conclusion:The method is fast and accurate with good specificity, which can be used for the quality control of Juebi capsules.