Observations on the developement of pathological changes of rat brain, together with dynamic detection of CN- concentrations in blood and brain tissue and quantitive analysis of brain cytochrome oxidase activity, are carried out within 24 h after acute cyanide intoxication (4.5mg/kg i.p.) . The results indicate that in the cyanide poisoning with the dose under lethality (80%LD) , the pathological changes in rat brain appear, especially in cytochrome oxidase poorly- contained areas, including! 1 ) degeneration and necrosis of neurons and gliocytes; 2) degeneration, swelling and lysis of different cell projection components; 3) the myelinoclasis of myelinated nerve fibers. Those changes undergo a dynamic course divided into three phases: 1 ) the phase of metabolic disturbance; 2) of response to injury; and 3) of restoration. The authors consider that the acute poisoning displayed by the animal after NACN injection is directly caused by the intense inhibation of brain cytochrome oxidase; the secondary lesions of brain structure may be responsible for the manifestations such as trembling, unstable, and ataxia etc.occur later. The mechanisms of the brain pathological changes after cyanide intoxication are also disscussed.

The pathomorphological changes of the brain in 58 autopsies of burn patients were observed.It was found that there were degeneration and/or necrosis of the neurons,satellitosis of the neurons,neuronophagia,loss of Purkinje cells and granular cells of the cerebellum,focal proliferation of glial cells,perivascular collars of lymphocytes,edema and softening of brain tissues,etc.On the basis of these findings,the concept of postburn meningoencephalitics was put forward by the authors and the occurrence,development and significance of the important pathological lesions were briefly discussed.

Objective The mechanism of osteonecrosis induced by alcohol was not clear, lipoidosis in bone cell could be one of reasons to cause osteonecrosis. The study was to observe the effect of alcohol on the adipocyte-specific gene, 422 (aP2), and osteoblastic gene, type-I collagen of marrow stromal cells in vitro experimentally. Methods The primary marrow stromal cells of the femur of 6 to 8 weeks mouse were procured and cultured in DMEM culture fluids, and the samples were isolated after adherent growth culture in vitro. The cells were divided into two groups, one of which was experimental group treated with 0.09 mol/L alcohol added with the culture fluids once for two days; another one was control group. The mixed culture discontinued 10 days later, the cells were collected after the combined handling of 0.22% EDTA and 0.25% trypsinase, and the concentration of the cell suspension was adjusted to 1?109/L. A volume of 10 ?L of the cells suspension was dropped on the nitric cellulose membrane. The expression level of 422(aP2) and type-I collagen mRNA in the cells were investigated by means of intact cell RNA dot blot hybridization. Results The expression scanning value of the dot blot hybridization of 422(aP2)mRNA was 7 207.8?331.3 in the experimental group, that were as 11 times as that in the control group( 652.2?62.6), the difference was statistical significant between the two groups (P

OBJECTIVE: Animal experiments prove that alcohol may cause adipo-accumulation in femoral head and then induce osteonecrosis,but its mechanism of action is not known. NIH 3T3 fibroblast is a kind of pluripotent stem cell.There are not relative reports on the effect of alcohol on NIH 3T3fibroblast at present.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of alcohol on the differentiation of NIH 3T3 fibroblast into adipocyte and the influence of that on the expression of adipogenic transcription factor-peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ).DESIGN: Single sample observation.SETTING: Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical College,Zhengzhou University and Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University.MATERIALS: The experiment was completed in the Laboratory of Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University from April 2002 to June 2003.NIH 3T3 fibroblasts were provided by the Laboratory of Department of Orthopaedics,University of Virginia Hospital.METHODS: The NIH 3T3 fibroblasts were divided into 6 groups randomly.The alcohols (volume fraction was 0.998) with the dosage 0(control group),0.03,0.06,0.09,0.15,0.21 mol/L were added respectively to the NIH 3T3 fibroblasts daily.The mixtures were cultured for 14 days and then stained with Sudan Ⅳ .The percentage of adipocyte was determined with image analysis software of computer,Image Pro Plus 4.1.The expression of PPAR-γ mRNA was determined with the technology of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.alcohol and control groups.RESULTS: The cells were processed with the alcohols of progressive inpercentages of adipocytes in all the alcohol groups were 11.9% ,23.8%,28.2% ,31.1% ,42.6% respectively and 1.2,2.5,2.9,3.2,4.4 times that in control group(9.6%) respectively. The differences between 0.03 mol/L alcohol group and control group were not significant (P ＞ 0.05),but the differences between the other 4 groups and control group,0.03 mol/L alcohol ues of PPAR-γ mRNA to 18S gene in the cells of all the groups were 0.218,0.411,0.486,0.473,0.453 respectively and were 1.1,2.1,2.5,2.4,2.3times that in control group (0.197) respectively. The differences between 0.03 mol/L alcohol group and control group were not significant(P ＞ 0.05),but the differences between the other 4 groups and control group and 003 mol/L alcohol group were significant extremely(P ＜ 0.001).CONCLUSION: Alcohol can induce differentiations of a large quantity of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts into adipocytes directly, which might be one of the factors of lipotrophy in bone marrow wheri alcohol-induced osteonecrosis happens.

[Objective]To investigate the medium-term outcomes of surgical treatment of vertigo secondary to cervical spinal instability.[Method]From Oct.2000 to Jun.2006,28 patients underwent operation for vertigo secondary to cervical spinal instability and were followed prospectively.There were 21 females and 7 males with an average age of 42.5 years(rang,30 to 56 years).The involved levels included C3、4 in 12 cases,C4、5 in 8,combined C3、4 and C4、5 in 4,and combined C4、5 and C5、6 in 3.Surgical methods included anterior discectomy and fusion with interbody bone grafting and internal fixation with plate or fusion with cages.JOA score system was used for the evaluation of neurological function.[Result]All the patients were followed for 43 months(30 to 60 months).Satisfactory results were achieved in most of the patiens 3 months after surgery.At latest follow-up,complete relief of the preoperative complaints was obtained in 22 patients with incomplete relief in 4 and no obvious improvement in 2.Neurological function was improved from preoperative JOA 10.10 to postoperative JOA 14.90 with satistically significance.Adjacent unstable segments proximal to fuxion level were noted in three cases but with no recurrence of the preoperative symptoms.[Conclusion]For properly selected patients with vertigo secondary to unstable cervical spine,satisfactory medium-term clinical outcomes can be achieved appropriate surgical methods.

Sixty-six rabbits were divided into 2 groups, the control group and the experimental group. The latter was subdivided into 10 groups according to the time of observation after burn injury including 2nd-hour group to 30th-day group. Each group consisted of 6 animals. Specimens from the trachea and the lungs were examined with optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.No obvious lesion was seen in the specimens from the control. In the experimental group, various pathological changes began to appear from the 6th hour after injury. In the trachea and bronchi, congestion of varying degrees, edema, leucocytic infiltration, lodging, adhesion, breaking or separation of cilia, and increase of goblet cells and Clara cells in number weie found. In. the lungs, interstitial edema of varying degrees, accumulation and infiltration of neutro-phils in capillaries, pulmonary interstitium and alveolar spaces, decrease in num ber of type II pneumocytes and their lamellar bodies, vacuolization of lamellar bodies, and phagocytosis of lamellar bodies by macrophages were seen. Most prominent changes were shown on the 3rd day postburn, and they began to alleviate on the 7th day. The number of type II pneumocytes and their lamellar bodies gradually increased number. Some lesions still existed on the 30th day postburn but no significant fibrosis could be found. The occurrence and development of the main lesions and their significance were discussed.

The main pathological changes of hypoxia in the myocardium were lysis or necrosis of the myocardium.hyperplasia or swelling of myocardial mitochondria,and swelling.increase of pinocytic vesicles in number,and appearance of tubules and villus-like eminences in the endothelial cells of myocardial capillaries:And those in the lungs were thickening of the wall and narrowing of the lumen of pulmonary arterioles,and swelling or appearance of proteinous material in the connec- tive tissue around pulmonary venules.After the treatment with dilthiazem.the pathological lesions were decreased in number or diminished in severity.In addition,the pathological mechanisms of hy-poxia and the therapeutic efficacy of dilthiazem were discussed.

Objective To study the action of the lymphangial immunochemotherapy on the advanced stomach cancer. Methods Group of therapy: To inject the chemotherapeutic medicine and biological response modifiers (BRM) absorbed by active carbon through the stomach mucosa by means of gastroscope and through the stomach serosa by means of surgical operation. Group of contrast: To inject the aqueous solution of the chemotherapeutic medicine and BRM through the arteria femoralis by means of the intervention. Then we examined the immune activity of the blood cell.Results There is a marked difference between the lymphangial immunochemotherapy and the blood immunochemotherapy in the immune activity of the blood cell. Conclusion The lymphangial immunochemotherapy can promote the apoptosis of the transferred cancer in the lymph system and enhance the immune activity of the blood cell.

0.05.3 year survival rate was 36.67%(A) and 57.14%(B),P

Objective To evaluate therapeutic effect of transluminal angioplasty and stenting on arteriosclerosis related iliac arterial occlusive disease. Methods This retrospective study included a total of 61 cases (76 limbs) with iliac arterial atherosclerotic occlusive disease, grading as TASC A (n =29),B (n = 16), C (n = 11) and D (n = 5). Percutaneous interventional reconstruction and stent implantation were carried out in our hospital from December 2002 to December 2008. Results In 61 patients (76 lesions) 63 stents were implanted successfully with the success rate of 93% (71/76). The rate of clinical improvement was 100% among the patients who had primary technical success. The ankle-branchial index (ABI) improved from an average of 0. 33 ± 0. 17 before intervention to 0. 72 ± 0. 20 on the day following intervention (P < 0. 05). All cases were followed up between 6 month and 60 month. One year patency rate in all treated lesions was 90% (92% in the TASC A and B, 84% in the TASC C and D).Three year patency rate in all was 75% (80% in the TASC A and B, 63% in the TASC C and D). Five year patency rate was 72%. Conclusion There is a tendency towards utilizing transluminal angioplasty and stenting to treat iliac arterial occlusive disease as a therapy instead of traditional vascular surgery.