Purpose　The aim is to study the activity and the sildenafil selective inhibition of PDE5. Methods　The PDE isoenzymes were purified from bovine penis corpus cavernosum tissue by FPLC system. PDE activity was assayed by using 3　H-cGMP as substrate, the PDE isoenzymes hydrolyzed it to 3　H-GMP, and 3　H-GMP was further hydrolyzed to 3　H-guanosine by 5′-nuclease of snake venom. Add scintillation cocktail to observe the PDE isoenzymes activity. The selective inhibitor sildenafil of different concentrations were used to observe the inhibition of PDE5. Data replotted according to procedure of Dixon plots.Results　Three PDE isoenzyme peaks were purificated from bovine corpus cavernosum. The PDE of the third peak had the strongest activity of cGMP hydrolyzation which could be inhibited by sildenafil apparently.Conclusion　Since PDE5 was mainly found in corpus cavernosum tissue of mammalian, and sildenafil was a selective inhibitor of PDE5. It was suggested that the third peak was PDE5. The result was in agreement with the article reported.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) supplementation on colonic macroscopic and histological score , inflammatory response , and endo-plasmic reticulum stress ( ERS ) response in experimental rat models of colitis .Methods Experimental rat models of colitis were induced by trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid (TNBS).Totally 100 male SD rats were ran-domly divided into 5 groups according to the random data tables:sham operation group ( Sham group ) , inflam-matory bowel disease group (IBD group),ω-3 PUFA supplementation group (IBD+ω-3 group), 5-aminosali-cylic acid group ( IBD +5-ASA group ) , and ERS activation 2-deoxy-D-glucose group ( IBD +ω-3 +2-DG group).Colonic macroscopic and histological scores were evaluated on days 1, 3, 7 and 14 after modeling.The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin (IL) -1, and IL-6 were measured using en-zyme-linked immunosorbent assay , whereas ERS cytokines including glucose-regulated protein 78 ( GRP78 ) , inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE-1), and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) were tested by Western blot. Results Compared with the Sham group , colonic macroscopic and histological score , the serum levels of in-flammation relatived factors (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6) and ERS relatived factors (GRP78、 IRE-1, CHOP) were significantly increased on the rest of the four groups ( all P<0.001 ) .Compared with the IBD group , ω-3 PUFA supplementation reduced colonic macroscopic [7 d: 3.55 ±0.29 vs.4.37 ±0.39, P=0.03, 14 d:2.46 ±0.17 vs.3.86 ±0.21, P=0.04] and histological score [7 d: (2.56 ±0.27) scores vs.(3.45 ± 0.40) scores, P=0.02, 14 d: (2.23 ±0.20) scores vs.(3.06 ±0.26) scores, P=0.04].Meanwhile,ω-3 PUFA supplementation suppressed the expressions of inflammation [TNF-α:(43.71 ±11.39) pg/ml vs. (84.97 ±13.81) pg/ml, P=0.02, IL-1:(38.51 ±10.60) pg/ml vs.(73.04 ±12.48) pg/ml, P=0.01, IL-6:(28.91 ±7.27) pg/ml vs.(53.45 ±9.40) pg/ml, P=0.02] and ERS relatived factors (GRP78:2.41 ±0.29 vs.1.47 ±0.21, P=0.01, IRE-1:2.83 ±0.31 vs.1.23 ±0.20, P<0.001, CHOP:1.89 ± 0.17 vs.1.32 ±0.11 , P=0.04 ) .However , the salutary effects of ω-3 PUFA would been reversed by ERS activation 2-deoxy-D-glucose [ TNF-α: (72.67 ±10.37 ) pg/ml vs.(43.71 ±11.39 ) pg/ml, P =0.02, IL-1:(57.66 ±13.88) pg/ml vs.(38.51 ±10.60) pg/ml, P=0.02, IL-6: (46.10 ±9.67) pg/ml vs. (28.91 ±7.27) pg/ml, P=0.01, GRP78:1.47 ±0.21 vs.1.82 ±0.24, P=0.03, IRE-1:1.23 ±0.20 vs.2.21 ±0.23, P=0.02, CHOP:1.32 ±0.11 vs.1.61 ±0.16, P=0.04].Conclusion The salutary effects of ω-3 PUFA supplementation on the colitis induced by TNBS appear to be mediated by inhibited inflam -matory responses , which may suppress the activation of ERS response .

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of serum neuronal Per-Arnt-Sim domain protein 4(NPASDP-4)and myelin basic protein(MBP)expression in patients with Parkinson's disease in relation to cognitive impairment(CI)and severity.Methods Selected and 138 Parkinson's disease patients admitted to the 909th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the People's Liberation Army of China as the Parkinson's disease group,and 69 healthy people in the physical examination center of the hospital were in the healthy control group.Patients with Parkinson's disease were divided into normal cognitive function group(n=55),mild CI group(n=51)and dementia group(n=32)according to whether CI occurred and its severity.General data of subjects was collected,the serum levels of NPASDP-4 and MBP were detected by ELISA,correlation analysis was adopted by Spearman rank correlation or Pearson linear correlation,diagnostic value was analyzed by ROC curve,and influencing factors were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.Results Compared with the healthy control group,the levels of serum NPASDP-4(6.75±0.48 ng/ml vs 2.38±0.31 ng/ml)and MBP(8.34±0.65 μg/L vs 3.54±0.42 μg/L)in the Parkinson's disease group were increased with statistical significance(r=68.751,55.761,all P＜0.05).There were significant differences in H-Y stage among the normal cognitive function group,mild CI group and dementia group(x2=7.788,P＜0.05).Compared with the group with normal cognitive function(47.92±11.63 score),the mild CI group(50.78±13.69 score)and the dementia group(41.95±10.36 score)showed an increase in UPDRS-Ⅲ scores,and the differences were statistically significant(H=6.672,all P＜0.05).In normal cognitive function group,mild CI group and dementia group,the course of disease,and serum NPASDP-4(5.89±0.40,6.83±0.55,8.12±0.54 ng/ml)and MBP(6.65±0.56,8.94±0.69,10.27±0.70μg/L)levels were significantly increased(H=207.950,355.594,allP＜0.05),while MMSE score(28.47±0.94,24.51±1.35,17.09±2.57 score),MoCA score(27.45±1.03,20.18±1.92,11.75±2.53 score)and GPCOG total score(13.47±0.69,10.25±1.04,8.97±0.82 score)were significantly decreased,and the differences were statistically significant(H=515.005,775.933,327.584,all P＜0.05),respectively.The serum levels of NPASDP-4 and MBP in Parkinson's disease patients were significantly positively correlated with the course of disease(r=0.316,0.358),H-Y stage(r=0.345,0.384)and UPDRS-Ⅲ score(r=0.371,0.396),and significantly negatively correlated with MMSE score(r=-0.468,-0.517),MoCA score(r=-0.504,-0.569)and GPCOG total score(r=-0.527,-0.538)(all P＜0.05),respectivey.The areas under the curve(AUC)of the serum levels of NPASDP-4,MBP and their combination in diagnosing of Parkinson's disease were 0.850,0.930 and 0.960,respectively.The AUC of the serum levels of NPASDP-4 and MBP and their combination in diagnosing the severity of CI in patients with Parkinson's disease were 0.866,0.803 and 0.933,respectively.H-Y stage metaphase[OR(95％CI):4.725(1.742～12.814)],H-Y stage advanced[OR(95％CI):5.083(1.919～13.464)],UPDRS-Ⅲ score[OR(95％CI):3.257(1.464～7.246)],NPASDP-4[OR(95％CI):5.324(1.516～18.701)]and MBP[OR(95％CI):5.769(2.459～13.533)]were the influential factors for CI in patients with Parkinson's disease(all P＜0.05).NPASDP-4[OR(95％CI):4.768(2.382～9.543)]and MBP[OR(95％CI);5.846(3.141～10.882)]were the influential factors for the severity of CI in patients with Parkinson's disease(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The serum levels of NPASDP-4 and MBP in patients with Parkinson's disease were high,and they were closely related to CI and its severity,which may have certain clinical diagnostic value.

Objective: To compare the pedicled supraclavicular artery island flap (SCAIF) and the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap (PMMF) for oral reconstruction after cancer resection. Methods: This is a retrospective study from May 2007 to May 2017. Sixty-one patients from the Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, were included. All the patients underwent oral squamous cell carcinoma resection and pedicled flap reconstruction. Sixteen patients were performed SCAIFs (group A), and 45 were performed PMMFs (group B). The flap survival rate, flap size, flap preparation time, the presence of scar hyperplasia, pigmentation and dysfunction (temporary or permanent) were compared between these two groups. Results: The survival rate of flaps in group A was 93.75% (15/16), and the survival rate of flaps in group B was 95.56% (43/45). There was no statistically significant difference in the survival rate of flaps, the average skin flap size or flap produce time between these 2 groups. There were no scar hyperplasia, pigmentation and dysfunction was observed in group A. However, scar hyperplasia (n=11), pigmentation (n=10) and dysfunction (n=12) occurred in group B. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions This study suggests that SCAIF is more reliable, and brings more satisfied outcome, when compared with the PMMF.