Objective: To study the transdermal releasing rule of the preparation of Jiufen Spray.Methods: Improved Franz diffuser was applied to transdermal experiment with TLC scanning method.Results: Q T (quantum time) equations of Jiufen Spray are strychnine:Q=220.941t- 486.006 , brucine:Q=208.146t-454.629, ephedrine:Q=177.691t-247.826. The study on releasing rule suggests the accumulative amount of transdermal drug increases with time, but the releasing speed is roughly stable, the total releasing ratio of 12 hours is about 50%. Conclusion: Jiufen spray could surmise to maintain relatively stable plasma drug concentration.

Objective To study the effects of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) on neonatal lymphocyte immune function. Methods Cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs) and CD3+ T lymphocytes were isolated from 8 neonates and were cultured with IVIG and/or/without phytohemagglutinin (PHA)based on which divided into five groups, i. e. (l)control group, (2)PHA activation group, (3) IVIG pre-inhibition group, (4) PHA pre-activation group and (5) PHA+IVIG group. The production of IFN-? and IL-4 of CBMCs and cord blood CD3+ T lymphocytes was measured with ELISA and the expression of IL-2 and IL-4 mRNA was measured with RT-PCR. The results were compared with peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) of 8 adults. Results The production of IFN-y by CBMCs and cord blood CD3+ T lymphocytes induced by PHA decreased after IVIG was given, while more remarkable decrease in the CBMCs was shown without any association with IVIG was given or not before or after PHA was used [Group 2; (313. 34?108. 00)pg/ml, Group 3: (17. 68?17. 98) pg/ml, group 4 : (170. 72?38. 25) pg/ml, group 5: (11. 10?8. 92)pg/ml]. For the CD3+ T lymphocytes, the decrease of IFN-? production was only observed in group 3, 4 and group 5 [(35. 30 ?12. 21)pg/ml, (8. 61?6. 21) pg/ml and (8. 54?1. 57)pg/ml]. The degree of decrease of IFN-? production by CBMCs was much lower [group 2: (1121. 11 ? 344. 58)pg/ml, group 3: (29. 08 ? 11. 20)pg/ml, group 4: (339. 63?47. 43) pg/ml, group 5: (26.40?21. 97)pg/ml]. The secretion for IL-4 did not changed when stimulated by PHA alone, but IL-2 and IL-4 mRNAs expression can be detected in CBMCs after repeated stimulation by PMA, PHA and rIL-2 which decreased after IVIG was given. Conclusions IVIG can suppress the production of IFN-? in cord blood T lymphocyte directly or mediated by other immune cells or molecules. IVIG can also decreased the expression of IL-2 mRNA and IL-4 mRNA in CBMCs. The effect of IVIG on the proliferation of cord blood lymphocytes and production of immunoglobulin in B lymphocytes might be associated with these inhibition.

Objective To compare the clinical application effect of bi -level positive airway pressure ( BiPAP) and nasal continuous positive airway pressure ( CPAP) in the treatment of preterm infants with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome ( NRDS) .Methods 64 neonates with NRDS were divided into the BiPAP group ( n=35) and NCPAP group (n=29) according to the randomized controlled study method.The blood gas index before and after 2,12 hours of treatment,the total time for ventilation,length of stay,and the incidence rate of abdominal disten-sion,gastroesophageal reflux,bronchopulmonary dysplasia,intraventricular hemorrhage,ventilator-associated pneumo-nia in the two groups were compared.Results The levels of pH and PaO2 in the BiPAP group were higher than those in the NCPAP group in noninvasive respiratory support for 2,12h(t=2.391,2.556,2403,2.355,P=0.020,0.013, 0.019,0.022).The incidence rates of hypoxemia,apnea,re-intubation mechanical ventilation rate after 12h in the BiPAP group were lower than those in the NCPAP group(t=5.049,4.988,4.215,P=0.025,0.026,0.040).The length of stay and mechanical ventilation time in the BiPAP group were shorter than those in the NCPAP group( t=-2.096,-2.669,P=0.041,0.010).Conclusion Compared with NCPAP,early application of BiPAP can obviously reduce the invasive respiratory support rate of children with NRDS with intubation.It is worthy of promotion.

Objective To observe the effect of volume resuscitation on the early grafted kidney function in opration.Methods 909 cases were divided into five groups according to the volume resuscitation in opration:group A:

[Objective]To investigate the effect of salvianoli acid B and hyperoxic solution on experimental ischemia reperfusion injury of extremities.[Method]Twenty-four healthy New Zealand rabbits were divided into 4 groups randomly.Equivalent 0.9%Nacl(group A),hyperoxic solution(group B),salvianoli acid B(group C),salvianoli acid B and hyperoxic solution(group D) were injected through ear edge vein before ischemia.The femoral artery and vein were blocked and the model of ischemia reperfusion injury of extremities was set up.Before ischemia and after 4 hour's reperfusion,the blood samples were taken to measure the levels of blood malondialdehyde(MDA) and superoxide dismutase(SOD).The gastrocnemius muscles were observed by pathologic test.[Result]Serum enzymatic activity of MDA improved obviously.Salvianoli acid B and hyperoxic solution could prevent the improvement of it(P

Objective: To screen the receiving solution used to study the transdermal absorption of strychnine in Jiufen spray. Methods: With recovery,Q-T equation and transdermal speed constant as the parameters, the improved Franz-cell and the skin of SD rats were used to screen the receiving solution from saline, saline-alcohol (7∶3,v∶v), pH phosphate buffer solution-alcohol (88∶2,v∶v), pH 7.4 phosphate buffer containing 25% alcohol. Results: The comparison of the inter-day and intra-day recoveries,Q-T equation and transdermal speed constant showed that saline-alcohol(7∶3) was the best for the study. Conclusion: It is indicated that saline-alcohol(7∶3) was the best receiving solution for the transdermal absorption study of Jiufen spray.

Objective To observe any effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on pul monary function,airflow obstruction,dyspnea,exercise capacity and levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the sputum of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods Thirty patients with stage Ⅰ or Ⅱ COPD were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group with 15 cases in each.TENS applied at the Feishu acupuncture point (BL13) was used in the treatment group,while sham stimulation of the same point without current output was used in the control group.The treatment was administered 40 minutes once daily,5 days a week for a total of 4 weeks.The outcome measures were measured before and after 4 weeks of treatment.Results FVC,FEV1,FEV1％,and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) all improved significantly in the treatment group after 4 weeks of treatment.After treatment,the average TNF-α level in induced sputum and exercise capacity as indicated by the average BODE index had both improved significantly in the treatment group.Compared with the control group,pulmonary function,TNF-α and the BODE index in the treatment group were all significantly better.There was no significant difference in pulmonary function,BODE index or TNF-α before and after treatment in the control group.Conclusion TENS at the Feishu acupoint can reduce airway inflammation,improve pulmonary function and exercise capacity,and decrease TNF-α levels in patients with stage Ⅰ or Ⅱ COPD.This treatment should be very useful for enhancing their ability in the activities of daily living.

Objective To investigate the effects of exercise therapy and health education on the hospitalization and exercise endurance of patients with moderate or severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods A total of 86 patients with moderate or severe but stable COPD were divided randomly into an observation group (n=46) and a control group (n=40).The patients in both groups accepted general respiratory medical therapy.The patients in the observation group also accepted additional pulmonary rehabilitation therapy which consisted of exercise and health education while the patients in the control group only accepted health education and rehabilitation training guidance by telephone instead of standardized pulmonary rehabilitation therapy.The average recurrence of hospitalization,length of stay,and total bed time of all of the patients was tracked for a year before and after enrolment.Their 6 minute walking distance (6MWD) and quality of life (QOL) as reflected by using a scale recommended by the Chinese Society of Respiratory Disease before and after entering the study were evaluated.Results There was no significant difference between the groups in the year before entering the study in terms of their average frequency of hospitalization,length of stay or total bed time.In the year after enrollment average frequency of recurrence requiring hospitalization,length of stay and total bed time in the observation group all decreased significantly compared with the previous year,and all were significantly lower than in the control group.There were no significant differences between the groups in average 6MWD or average QOL score at entry,but in the subsequent year both groups' results improved significantly.Conclusion Long term pulmonary rehabilitation can not only enhance exercise endurance,it also improves QOL and relieves the economic burden of COPD patients on society.

Aim To investigate the effect of small in-terfering RNA(siRNA) targeting DNMT1 gene on cell proliferation, apoptosis and histone modulation in acute lymphoid leukemia cell line, Molt-4. Methods The small interfering RNA targeting DNMT1 gene was transfected into Molt-4 cells by LipofectamineTM 2000. The DNMT1 mRNA and protein level were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Cell proliferation was de-termined by MTT. Cell apoptosis was measured by Flow Cytometry. The expression of Bcl-2, procaspase-3, P15, histone methylation and histone acetylation was detected by Western blot. Results DNMT1 was suppressed by siRNA targeting DNMT1 in a concentra-tion-dependent manner. DNMT1 siRNA suppressed cells proliferation and induced apoptosis in Molt-4 cells. Apoptotic rate was (4. 27 ± 1. 42)% , (15. 25 ± 1. 54)% , (35. 63 ± 2. 54)% , (66. 27 ± 3. 02)%after transfecting with DNMT1 siRNA at 0, 30, 60, 120 nmol·L - 1 for 24 hours, P < 0. 05. The expres-sion of Bcl-2, procaspase-3 was suppressed and P15 was promoted after transfecting of DNMT1 siRNA. DN-MT1 siRNA downregulated histone methylated H3K9 and upregulated histone methylated H3K4. The altera-tion of histone acetylation of H3 was not seen. Conclu-sion DNMT1 siRNA suppresses DNMT1 efficiently in Molt-4 cells. The depletion of DNMT1 downregulates histone methylation of H3K9, and upregulates histone methylation of H3K4. It inhibits cell growth and in-duces cell apoptosis in Molt-4 cell line.

A case of benign follicular neoplasm-trichogerminoma-is reported.A 48-year-old man presented with a 10-year history of asymptomatic subcutaneous nodule in the chest.Histological examination revealed a well-circumscribed lesion composed of variously sized lobuli and cysts in the deep dermis and separated from the surrounding tissue by a fibrous capsule.Most lobuli consisted of concentrically arranged clear cells in the central area and basophilic cells in a palisade arrangement in the peripheral area.The tumor cells displayed a multi-directional differentiation toward hair bulb,inner root sheath,outer root sheath and infundibulum of hair follicles.Immunohistochemically,the tumor cells expressed AE1/AE3,CK5/6 and CK17,but were negative for CK20 or CK7.There was a sharp contrast in immunohistochemical findings between the central clear cells and peripheral basophilic cells.Based on the histological and immunohistochemical features,a diagnosis of trichogerminoma was made.