Under the background of international medical market surging in the demand for caregivers and aging of the population in Finland,in order to solve the problem of nursing personnel missing,Finland has attached importance to nursing education.By means of approving creation of international courses,increasing practical courses,raising the degree of convergence settings with the international labor market structure,adopting the Credit Transfer System to facilitate students broad flow,implementing encouraging and innovative curriculum evaluation,training academic awareness,and so on,to broaden students'career horizons and help them to achieve the career orientation as soon as possible.In this regard,our nursing education should actively learn to take reform measures to improve education quality assurance mechanisms; pay attention to the guiding role of the evaluation; enrich extensive practical course content;focus on academic awareness.

To provide more objective basis for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation of deficiency and excess by collecting and analyzing voice signals and extracting characteristic parameters.

BACKGROUND: A simple use of antibiotic drugs as anti-infection therapy after joint replacement is not enough for subsequent debridement and secondary revision surgeries. Therefore, our team intended to confirm the feasible use of controlled-release microspheres in the local anti-infection treatment.OBJECTIVE: To prepare the Human beta defense 3 (HBD-3)/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) micro-spheres and to investigate the microsphere physicochemical properties and drug release profile in vitro.METHODS: With PLGA as a carrier,HBD-3/PLGA controlled-release microspheres were prepared by using double emulsion-solvent evaporation method. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe its surface morphology.The size of each microsphere was accurately determined using scaleplate. Drug loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency of HBD-3/PLGA controlled-release microspheres were calculated using spectrophotometer. HBD-3/PLGA microsphere controlled-release time was determined in order to analyze the drug release profile of the microsphere. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The HBD-3/PLGA controlled-release microsphere possessed smooth surface, uniform distribution and good liquidity.The average particle size was 219.49 nm, the drug loading capacity of HBD-3 was (20.67±0.17)% and the encapsulation efficiency was (54.52±1.31)%. The cumulative release percentage of HBD-3 was(74.12±0.43)%. The HBD-3/PLGA controlled-release microsphere has well controlled-release performance in vitro. In theory, the purpose of antibacterial controlled-release can be achieved,laying a foundation for subsequent animal antibacterial experiments.

Objective In order to grasp the status quo of the internship nursing students' evidence awareness in our province, to improve the teaching measures, and to promote nursing safety. Methods We delivered questionnaires to 480 nursing students who were exercising practice in some major hospitals in our province about their contemporary consciousness of evidence, the results underwent analysis. Results The results showed that the awareness of nursing evidence was very poor in the new period. Conclusions It's imperative to enhance the normative education about evidence awareness among the nursing students.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of 13C urea breath test (13C-UBT)in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in patients with gastric remnant.Methods A total of 94 gastric remnant patients (gastric remnant group) and 100 non-gastric remnant patients (control group) received 13C-UBT.According to the course of the disease,the gastric remnant group were divided into group 1 (29 cases,≤5 years),group 2 (33 cases,6 to 10 years) and group 3 (32cases,＞10 years).Before surgery,the diagnosis of Hp infection was according to 13C-UBT and gastric mucosa tissue staining.After surgery,the diagnosis was according to gastric mucosa tissue staining.The applying value of 13C-UBT in gastric remnant patients was evaluated.The consistency of results between 13C-UBT and gastric mucosa tissue staining were evaluated by the Kappa test.Results In gastric remnant group,the Hp infection rate after surgery (37.2％) was obviously lower than that before operation (79.8％;x2 =35.058,P＜0.01) and that of control group (77.0％).After surgery,the Hp infection rate of patients with Billroth Ⅱ gastrectomy (24.4％) was lower than that of patients with Billroth Ⅰ gastrectomy (47.2％ ; x2 =5.133,P=0.023).Before surgery,the Hp infection rate of gastric remnant subgroups were similar (P＞0.05).With the extension of the postoperative course,the Hp infection rate gradually decreased in gastric remnant subgroups (group 1:58.6％,group 2:36.4％,group 3:18.8％; x2=7.839,P=0.021).Setting the cut-off point at 2.0‰ in the gastric remnant group and 3.5‰ in the control group,the accuracy rate of diagnosis was the highest (92.6％ and 96.0％).There was good consistency between the results of 13C-UBT and gastric mucosa tissue staining (Kappa =0.84,P＜0.01).Conclusion With suitable operation and standard,13C-UBT may be a easy,safe and effective assay applied in the gastric remnant patients.

Objective To analyze psychological stress level and features of recruits in training camp.Methods Psychological stress self-evaluation test (PSET) was applied to 1 600 recruits in training camp.Results ①There were 64 recruits(64/1600,4％) who had high level of psychological stress(T score ≥70).②The psychological stress symptoms of recruits in training camp mainly manifested as increased alertness (87.7％),sleep deprivation (57.6％),mental and physical fatigue (48.7％) and nervous irritability (45.2％).③Psychological stress levels of recruits with different ages and different levels of self-feeling in camp had significant differences(P＜0.05).Conclusion Recruits in training camp have partly excessive psychological stress responses,targeted emergency decompression trainings should be carried out in recruits.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the short-term results of Tos modified combined approach tympanoplasty (MCAT) in chronic suppurative otitis media. METHOD: This study is an observational study. The data of 26 patients (28 ears) underwent MCAT were collected. The surgical techniques, complications and preoperative and postoperative air-bone gap (ABG) were analyzed. RESULT: Of 28 ears, 26 ears (92.86%) get dry after surgery. 3 ears (10.71%)repaired tympanic membranes and reperforate postoperatively in which 2 minimal perforations were cured to close up patient treatment. One ear develops posterosuperior retraction pocket and one ear re-occurs cholesteatoma. One ear occurs blunting in the anterior sulcus and one ear has lateralization of the tympanic membrane. There are no hearing worsen and facial nerve palsy. For hearing, the postoperative pure tone threshold is better than preoperation (42.8 +/- 17.97 vs 47.49 +/- 18.01, P < 0.05) and postoperative ABG shrinks significantly (19.76 +/- 7. 49 vs 30.65 +/- 10.02, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Based on the short-term results, Tos' MCAT can successfully dissect the diseases of tympanic cavity and mastoid and develop a stable aerating middle ear with a complete hearing conduction. It is safe and feasible in the treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media, as well as in the poor-pneumatic mastoid.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otitis Media, Suppurative ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Tympanoplasty ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the effect of the clinical scenario-based simulation communication education based on Calgary-Cambridge Guide for undergraduate nursing students.Methods Totally 87 undergraduate nursing students were enrolled and divided into the experimental group (n=44) and the control group (n=43).The experimental group received clinical scenario-based simulation communication education based on Calgary-Cambridge Guide for communication.The control group received traditional class-based education for communication.The chnical communication skills questionnaire and Communication Observing Questionnaire were administered before and after the training.The testing results of both groups were compared.Results After participating in the education project,six dimensions of clinical communication competence and the total score were significantly improved after training compared with those before training in the experimental group.After training,the experimental group was better than the control group in establishment of harmonious relationship,confirming patients' problems,efficient information transfer,validation experience and communication competence,t values were 2.64,2.32,2.19,2.20 and 4.36,P＜ 0.05.In testing of integrated cases,scores of six aspects such as case design,information collection,explaining behavior,relationship development,conflict coordination and service behavior in the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group,t values were 2.15,2.10,3.26,2.84,2.14 and 2.61,P＜0.05.Conclusions The clinical scenario-based simulation education based on the Calgary-Cambridge Guide can improve communication competence of nursing students.

Objective To investigate the differences of protein and mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in osteoclasts (OC) and osteoclast-like cells (OLC) obtained by mechanical and inducement methods. Methods Mechanical separation method was used to separate mature osteoclasts from long bones of SD rats aged one-day;and inducement culture method was applied to induce OLC by using RANKL (100 ng/mL) and M-CSF (100 ng/mL) . The protein expression of MMP-9 was measured by immunocytochemistry and mRNA expression of MMP-9 was assayed by in situ hybridization. Results The integral optical density (IOD) and average optical density (AOD) of positive cells in the visual field were higher in the 12-d group of inducement method as compared with the 3 d-group of mechanical method. Conclusions It is suggested that the protein and mRNA expression of MMP-9 in OLC obtained by 12 d inducement method is much high than in OC obtained by 3 d mechanical method. OLC obtained by inducement method can be applied in the study of osteoporosis.