AIM: To determine epigoitrin and 2,4(1H,3H)-quinazolinedione in Radix Isatidis and its preparation by HPLC-DAD. METHODS: HPLC was carried out with an Agilent 1200,equipped with ZORBAX SB-C_(18) column(4.6 mm?250 mm,5 ?m).The mobile phase of acetonitrile:(0.1% phosphoric acid+0.03% triethylamine)aqueous solution=12∶88.The flow rate was 0.7 mL/min.The detection wavelength was set at 224 nm.The column temperature was at 30 ℃. RESULTS: The linear ranges of epigoitrin was 0.040 9 ?g-1.103 8 ?g;2,4(1H,3H)-quinazolinedione was 0.010 6 ?g-0.169 6 ?g,The recoveries of epigoitrin and 2,4(1H,3H)-(quinazolinedione) were 98.44%(n=9),with RSD of 1.43% and 98.67%,with RSD of 1.65%,respectively. CONCLUSION: The method is simple,sensitive and reliable.It can be used for quantitative determination of Radix Isatidis and its preparation.

Immune homeostasis is among the mechanisms of keeping organisms healthy and capable of responding to unfavorable insults either from exogenous or endogenous environments.In recent years,major progress has been made in basic immunology as spotlighted by innate immunity,characterization of novel subclasses of dendritic cells,T or B lymphocytes,and modulation by microRNA (miRNA),long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) and epigenetics.Meanwhile,the eye poses an organ with complex structure and function with specific requirement for immune processes.Pathogenesis or treatment of major ocular disorders involves transplantation immunology,infection immunology,autoimmunity,hypersensitivity,etc.Hence progression in basic immunology lends valuable insights to scientists or ophthalmologists,helping them to understand ocular immunology concerning eye diseases.This review briefs recent updates and future directions in the basic immunology,aiming to provide more reference to the society of ocular immunology.

Two courses teaching has been in difficult situation in colleges for a long time.Most colleges raise the two courses teaching by way of social practice.However the class is the main channel in the two courses teaching.So only by strengthening the appeal of class teaching and inspiring college students' study enthusiasm can we improve their cognition and thinking ability and unify their thoughts.Thus the class can become the main channel of university students' ideological and political education actually.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical efficacy of azithromycin in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children.METHODS:240 cases of mycoplasma pneumonia in children in our hospital recent years were analyzed.In control group,120 children were treated with erythromycin;in treatment group,120 children were treated with azithromycin.RESULTS:In control group,total effective rate was 81.67%;in treatment group,total effective rate was 95.00% (?2=5.18,P

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is one of the most common human hereditary disorder characteristic of development of bilateral multiple fluid-filled kidney cysts. Accumulated evidence has suggested that primary cilium of renal epithelial cell plays a key role in cystogenesis. In this article we will give an overview on the basic information about polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and summarize the recent progresses in studies of regulation of polycystin-1 and -2 trafficking to cilia. We will also discuss the possible role of trafficking defects of polycystins on the pathogenesis of ADPKD.

Objective To explore the expression of Ang -2 and CD105 in breast cancer and their po-tential associations with the cancerization and progression of breast cancer .Methods Thirty patients with breast cancer ( cancerous tissue ) ,15 intraductal papilloma cases ( precancer tissue ) and 15 normal breast tissue were col-lected for each group ,respectively .Immunohistochemistry ,western blot and RT-PCR techniques were used to ex-amine the expressions of Ang -2 and CD105 in cancerous breast tissue ,precancer breast tissue and normal breast tissue at both protein and mRNA levels .The possible correlations of Ang -2 and CD105 expression with clinico-pathological characteristics of the breast cancer were analyzed .Results The expressions of CD105 and Ang-2 in cancer and precancer tissues were higher than in normal tissues at both protein and mRNA levels ,and the trend of their expressions was increased from normal to precancer ,and cancer tissue .The expressions of CD 105 and Ang-2 protein and mRNA were positively correlated with tumor size ,invasion,lymph node metastasis,and negatively correlated with the differentiation of the cancer .Conclusion CD105 and Ang-2 are involved in the canceriza-tion and pregression of breast cancer .These two biomarkers can serve as two useful indicators in assisting diagno-sis and prognosis of breast cancer .

The needles were inserted in the center of inferior margin and on the left and right sides of patella. Then moxibustion with warming needle and electroacupuncture were used respectively to treat 25 cases of patellar ligament strain. The effective rates were 96.0% and 69.6% respectively.

Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)can act as an international public resource platform storing and sharing experimental data generated from high-throughout research projects that utilize genome-wide expression strategies like microarray screening and analysis.Numerous data involving inflammatory carcinoma models is helpful for dissecting the regulatory network and molecular mechanism of oncogenesis,thus offering favorable clues for new thoughts in prevention and treatment of cancers.GEO originated from various disease models or processed experiments also provides researchers with powerful evidence for tracing functions of novel predictive genes.