Objective To establish a solid phase extraction(SPE)-high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method for determination of melamine in foods. Methods Melamine in sample was extracted with extractive agent. After centrifugation, the supernatant fluid was purified by Waters Oasis MCX cartridge,and detected with HPLC method. Chromatographic column of TIANHE C18(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) was used at 35 ℃ and mobile phase was water(containing 0.01 mol/L 1-hexanesulfonic acid sodium salt and 0.01 mol/L citric acid)∶ acetonitrile = 94∶6 (V∶V) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. Injection volume was 20 ?l. Results In the range of 0.80 to 80.0 mg/L, the regression equation was y=84.64 x-6.127 1 with the correlation coefficient of 0.999 98. The detection limit of melamine in foods was 0.5 mg/kg. The average rates of recovery were 88.0%-96.0% and the relative standard deviation was less than 5%. Conclusion The method established in the present paper is applicable to determination of melamine in foods with good precision,accuracy and sensitivity.

Objective To compare the clinical effectiveness of whole blood derived platelets and apheresis platelets in children with hematological diseases.Methods Children were divided into two groups: apheresis platelet group(463 children) and whole-blood-derived platelet group(155 children).The platelet corrected count increment(CCI),percentage platelet recovery(PPR),the incidence rate of post-transfusion refractoriness to platelets(PTR) and adverse reaction were observed and assayed at 24,48 and 72hours after transfusion.Results In the apheresis platelet group,CCI and PPR at 24,48,and 72 hours after transfusion were significantly higher(P

OBJECTIVE To explore administrative measures in preventing infection.for reducing the cross infection during bronchoscopy. METHODS The hidden infection during sterilizing the bronchoscopes was analyzed and the measures of preventing infection were provided. RESULTS By taking standardized management to avoid the cross infection,the quality of medical treatment and nursing was raised and ensured the safety of patients and medical staff. CONCLUSIONS It plays an important role on the control of nosocomial infection with the establishment of the strict protecting measures and sterilizing procedures.

Objective To investigate and analyze the expression of α-SMA and PCNA in abdominal aorta and renal artery in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS)combined with hypertension rats. Methods 36 SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group and model group. The model group was subjected to intermittent hypoxia condition for 8h everyday. Rat tail artery pressure was monitored every week and all subjects were sacrificed at 12th week. The level of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and hs-CRP expression in serum were measured by ELISA method. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Results Compared with control group,model rats blood pressure increased significantly (P < 0.01) when exposed for 4 weeks under intermittent hypoxia condition,and reached the peak value of 186mmHg at 12 weeks. The level of TNF-α, IL-6 , IL-10 and hs-CRP in serum were higher than in control group (P < 0.01). Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of α-SMA in abdominal aorta decreased more significantly than control group (P < 0.05),while there was a stronger positive expression of PCNA in model group than those in control (P < 0.05). In addition,compared with control rats, model rats showed a higher expression of α-SMA and PCNA significantly in renal artery(P < 0.05). Conclusion The intermittent hypoxia condition could result in higher blood pressure,while the different expression of α-SMA and PCNA illustrate that high pressure show different reconstruction performance in different vascular,underlying different molecular mechanism.

Objective To investigate the clinical features,magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),treatment,and follow-up of patients with glutaric aciduria type Ⅰ (GA-1).Methods Four pediatric patients with GA-1 diagnosed in our hospital were included in this study.They were treated with special diets and carnitine supplements.MRI and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) were performed,and the mental development indices were measured.Results GA-1 was confirmed 2 months,13 months,4 months,and 7 months after birth.Seizure had been observed before the disease diagnosis in three patients and disappeared after treatment.In all four patients,T2-weighted brain MRI showed frontotemporal atrophy or hypoplasia and enlarged subarachnoid space in the sylvian fissures and anterior to the temporal lobes.Diffusion weighted imaging revealed high-density lesions over both the putamen and globus pallidus.The patients were followed up for 4 to 5 years.Plasma amino acids and acylcamitine profile were monitored every 3-5 months.The mean C5DC level and C5DC/C8 were kept the higher limits of the normal ranges,especially in case 3.During the follow-up,the body weight was at-2 SD-0 and the height at-1 SD-0.Intellectual development test showed that case 1 and case 4 had mildly abnormal intelligence,whereas case 2 and case 3 had extremely severe intellectual disability.Gene test confirmed the presence of gene mutations in all four cases,including IVS10-2A ＞ C homozygous mutation in cases 1,3,and 4 and [IVS10-2A ＞ C] + [c.245G ＞c(p.Arg82Pro)] hybrid mutation in case 2.Two female children were smoothly enrolled by local kindergarten,while two male children were unable to walk alone due to delayed motor development and spastic paralysis.Conclusions The phenotype of GA-1 patients is not remarkably correlated with its genotype correlation.Newborn screening is essential for identifying GA-1 patients.

Objective: Blue dye was one of the methods for sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer, but the success rate was affected by multiple factors. This study was to determine the related factors contributing to the success of sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer using blue dye method. Method:From Jan. 2007 to Aug.2008, sentinel lymph node biopsy was performed by periareolarly injecting 1% methylene blue in 141 breast cancer patients followed by axillary clearance. Pathological diagnosis was performed for all of the lymph nodes by conventional HE staining. Unconditional logistic regression was applied to make both univariate and multiva-riate analysis. Results:Sentinel lymph node was successfully detected in 126 patients. But the biopsy was failed in the 15 patients. The success rate was 89.4% and the false negative rate was 6.82%. Univariate analysis showed that success rate of biopsy was in association with patients' age, body mass index (BMI), tumor size, preoperative axillary node's status, pathological grade as well as ≥4 positive axillary lymph nodes involved. Multivariate analysis indicated that the patients'age (OR=4.587, P=0.024), BMI (OR=4.882, P=0.011) as well as 4 or more of the axillary nodes involved (OR=3.143, P=0.013) were independent predicting factors for the success of sentinel lymph node biopsy. Conclusions:Methylene blue dyeing is a reliable method for sentinel lymph node biopsy. The rate of success is associated with patients' age, BMI as well as the number of metastases in axillary lymph nodes.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in the treatment of severe EV71 infection in children.Methods The clinical data of children with severe EV71 infection,who admitted in our hospital from January 2010 to November 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the time of admission and treatment principles,the patients were divided into the 2010 group and the 2012 group.The patients of the 2010 group routinely received IVIG treatment,but patients in the 2012 group received IVIG treatment in serious condition.The obvious effective rate,effective rate,ineffective rate,the incidence rate of critically ill and mortality of the two groups were compared.Results There were no significant differences in the obvious effective rate (86.0％ and 85.2％),effective rate (9.6％ and 11.8％),ineffective rate (4.4％ and 3.0％),the incidence rate of critically ill (4.0％ and 2.2％) between the two groups (x2 =0.011,1.269,1.657,3.304,all P ＞ 0.05).The mortality of the 2010 group (2.8％) was higher than that of the 2012 group (0.6％)(x2 =8.213,P ＜0.05).Conclusion IVIG has no effect on patients with severe EV71 infection,and is not recommended.

Objective To investigate the damaging traits of cognitive function in first episode depression patients with the assessment of neuropsychological status ( RBANS) and Stroop Color-word Test. Methods Two hundred and thirty first-episode depression patients as experimental group and one hundred and seventy-eight health person as control were evaluated separately by repeatable battery for the RBANS and Stroop Color-word Test. Results In Stroop Color-word Test,the time required for completing the words,color,double-word,two-color in depression patients ( (14.37 ±6.65)s,(21. 58 ±8. 70) s,( 16. 56 ±8. 23)s, (37. 88 ± 13. 67) s) were longer than the control group ((12.38 ±3.34)s, (18.01 ±5.51) s, (14. 17 ±4. 37) s, (32. 87 ± 10.28) s). The difference between the two groups was found in cognitive function in first episode depression patients (P ＜ 0.05). The scores of color interference and meaning interference were no difference between the two groups (P＞0.05) . The patients'scores of the RBANS test in all items( (72.19 ± 17.22), (80.89 ± 15.29), (82.00 ± 16.37) , (98.74 ± 17.01) ,(82.09 ± 14.62) )were significantly poorer than those in healthy controls. Compared with control group, scores of the scales were significant difference between two groups. Pearson correlation analysis showed that RBANS total score and five factors had no correlation with HAMD total score and factors. It positively correlated with education level (P＜0.05) ,but not with sex (P＞0.05). Immediate memory,verbal function,delayed memory in five factors and RBANS total score negatively correlated with age and course of disease respectively, but breadth of vision,attention were not did(P＜0.05). Conclusion First-episode depression patients suffer from more serious and comprehensive damage of cognitive function such as memory,attention,executive function.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of open tension-free hernioplasty and two kind of laparoscopic hernia repair for the treatment of primary unilateral inguinal hernia. Methods Patients suffering from primary unilateral inguinal hernia were randomly divided into 3 groups to undergoopen operation with mesh-plug and patch or transabdominal preperitoneal hernioplasty (TAPP) or totally extraperitoneal hernioplasty (ZEP). Results From February 2006 to February 2009, a total of 164patients were divided into 3 groups, with 62 undergoing open tension-free mesh-plug hernia repair, 50receiving TAPP and 52 receiving TEP. Postoperative patients were then followed up for a period of(16±8)months. The average operating time for the patients in the open mesh repair group was significantly shorter compared to the other two groups (P＜0.01 ). The cost in the open mesh repair group was also significantly lower than the other two groups (P＜0.01). The pain scores in open mesh group were significantly higher than those in the other two groups (P＜0.01). The hospital stay and the recovery time were both significantly longer in the open mesh repair group (P＜0.01) compared to the other two groups. No major complications and recurrence was found in neither groups. Conclusions Open tension-free mesh-plug hernia repair, TAPP and TEP are all safe and effective for the treatment for patients with primary unilateral inguinal hernia. TAPP and TEP are superior to open tension-free mesh-plug hernia repair as these two procedures involve less postoperative pain and fast recovery.

Objective To know the indication for patients with spinal cord injury during the course of intermittent urethral catheterization.Methods Divided 33 patients with spinal cord injury into the experimental group(18 cases)and control group(15 cases)randomly.The indication of beginning in the experiment group was less than 500 ml transfusion per day,without press ulcer,more than 150 ml bladder capacity.The indication in the control group was＞28 cm H2O pressure of bladder.Compared the effects between the two groups.Results The incidence rate of infection in the experiment group was lower than control group,all the indexes of uretharal catheterization were better in the experiment group than those of in the control group.Conclusions The indication of less than 500ml transfusion per day,without press ulcer,more than 150 ml bladder capacity are proper.