OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of different extraction methods on the content of cholalic acid from Artificial Bezoar. METHODS: Artificial Bezoar from 3 different habitats was used to extract cholalic acid by hydrolization vs. hydrolization-free method, and the content of cholalic acid was determined by HPLC-ELSD(high performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection). RESULTS: The content of cholalic acid in the hydrolyzed sample was higher than that in the non-hydrolyzed sample of the same batch. CONCLUSION: Through hydrolization, the binding cholalic acid in the artificial bezoar was transformed into free cholalic acid so that the content of cholalic acid was increased. Therefore, it is more reasonable to control the quality of Artificial Bezoar by taking the contents of total cholalic acid and free cholalic acid as indexes.

Conventional magnetic resonance (MR) pulse sequences typically have an echo time (TE) of 1 ms or longer, providing an excellent contrast between different soft tissues. However, some short T2 tissues appear dark in conventional MR images because the signal from these tissues has decayed to nearly zero before the center of k-space is acquired. Because of the ability of directly imaging short T2 tissues, ultrashort echo time technique has been widely studied in recent years. An overwhelming majority of the studies were carried out at high fields, while many low- field scanner systems are still used in developing countries. To investigate the effects of the delay between analog-to-digital converter sampling and the readout gradient, the TE of the second echo used to calculate the R2 * map, and the undersampling ratio on the results of three-dimensional (3D) ultrashort echo time imaging at a low field, we implemented a 3D ultrashort echo time sequence on a 0. 35T scanner. Different parameters were used and the reconstructed images and R2 * maps were compared. Images reconstructed with slightly varying delays appeared quite different. Different contrast between short and long T2 tissues were found in R2 * maps calculated with different echoes. The result of undersampling study indicated that excessive undersampling could cause unwanted blurring, making it difficult to better visualize the short T2 tissues in the R2 * map. The results suggested that cautions should be taken in the choice of these parameters in 3D ultrashort echo time imaging. Short T2 tissues can be visualized with appropriate imaging parameters at this low field.
Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods

Objective To investigate the early rehabilitation for elbow joint dysfunction after trauma.Methods26 cases who accepted rehabilitation 7～30 d after trauma were determined as Group A,other 20 cases who accepted rehabilitation more than 30 d after trauma as Group B.They were evaluated with Mayo Elbow-Performance Score and range of motor(ROM)after systematic rehabilitation.ResultsThe scores of Mayo Elbow-Performance Score and the ROM were better in group A than in group B(P<0.05).ConclusionEarly rehabilitation is important for the elbow joint function recovery after trauma.

Objective To investigate the role of proteoglycan autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods Human Aggrecan G1 domain cDNA was cloned from human cartilage, and recombinant aggrecan G1 domain (rAG1) protein was synthesized in a Baculovirus expression system. Synovial fluid monocytes from RA patients were stimulated with rAG1. Harvested cells' radioactivity was quantified in a ?-scentillation counter and the stimulation index (SI) was calculated. Cells with SI over 3 were taken as rAG1 specific T cells. Three well-characterized AG1-specific T cell lines were injected intraperitoneally into 8 SCID Beige mice. At the same time, rAG1 was injected intraarticularly into left knees of these mice. On day 8, mice were sacrificed and histological examination of the knee joints was performed. Results Human rAG1 specific T cell lines were generated from synovial fluid of RA patients. Most of these cells were CD4~+CD8~- T cells secreting Th1 cytokine (interferon-?). A pronounced capsular and synovial infiltration of mononuclear cells with early synovitis and cartilage erosion was observed in some left knees of the mice treated with rAG1-specific T cells. Conclusion Human rG1-autoreactive T cells injected intraperitoneally have homed to left knee where its epitope rAG1 was injected, and they participated in the development of inflammatory arthropathy.

Objective:To study the effect of totally endoscopic surgery and Miccoli surgery for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Methods Totally 64 patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma from April 2013 to April 2014 in our hospital were divided into the ob-servation group and the control group according to a random number table.And the intraoperative and postoperative situation of the two groups were compared.Results The number of lymph node dissection,postoperative hospital stay,hospital costs of the two groups had no sig-nificant difference (P >0.05).The blood loss,operative time,drainage time,amount of drainage,incision length,time of postoperative recov-ery of the observation group were significantly less than those of the control group with statistical significance (P <0.05).But the cosmetic score of observation group after operation was lower than that of the control group,and there was a significant difference (P <0.05).Postop-erative pain grade of the observation group was better than the control group with statistical significance (P <0.05).The complication rate of control group was significantly higher than the observation group (P <0.05).Conclusion Miccoli surgery for papillary thyroid microcarci-noma has more advantages compared with totally endoscopic surgery in terms of blood loss,operative time,drainage time,amount of drainage, incision length,time of postoperative recovery,and degree of pain.Moreover,it has a lower complication rate and high security,which should be the first choice in clinic surgery.

Objective Inquiring into the clinical curative effect about fog turns to inhale Chuan Le Ning to cure the child′s asthma. Methods Stochastically to divide the 79 examples of acute asthmas into the observation groups(44 examples) with the contrast(35 examples).Two all go the normal regulations for breathe heavily,the ant-infection and handle to the disease.The observation group atomizes to breathe Chuan Le Ning in the foundation. Results FVC,FEV and PEF numbers show the remarkable improvement before the treatment(P

Objective: To observe the influence of acupoint application therapy on serum eosinophilic granulocyte cationic protein (ECP), 6 keto prostaglandin F 1 (6-keto-PGF 1) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2). Methods: 300 cases of asthma out-patients in a remission period were divided into a treatment group (150 cases) and a control group (150 cases). The control group was given the basic treatment, and the treatment group was given external application on the acupoints in July and December every year, as well as the basic treatment of the control group, with continuous treatment for 2 years as one course. ECP, 6-keto-PGF 1, and TXB2 were checked every year in the patients of the two groups, and an Asthma Control Test Table was filled in for comparative analysis. Results: After the external application on the acupoints, the frequency of seizures, dyspnea and frequency of medication administration of the patients had been more reduced than those in the control group, indicating that the levels of ECP in inflammation of air passage and of 6-eto-GF 1 and TXB2 were obviously improved (P＜0.05). Conclusion: The herbal application on the acupoints is effective and positively influential to the improvement of the symptoms in the asthma patients and to ECP, 6-keto-PGF 1, and TXB2 remarkably.

Objective: A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) procedure with a fluorescence detector was developed to rapidly separate ?,?,?,?- tocopherol isomers in human serum Methods: The HPLC system consisted of Inertsil silica column (100-A, 3?m,4.6mm?250mm) and 7% (v/v) methyl-tert- butyl ether in n-hexane as mobile phase . Prior to HPLC, the serum sample wa deproteined by ethanol (BHT 0.0625%) and the tocopherol isomers were efficiently extracted in thei original isomeric conformations using n-hexane-ethyl acetate (5:1) in the presence of 2,6-bi-buty p-methylphenol (BHT). Result: The quantification limits, defined as the lowest quantitatively measurable concentration of the different compounds (ng/ml) are calculated according to the experiment:?-tocophero 1.0,?-tocopherol 1.0,?-tocopherol 0.5,?-tocopherol 0.5. The recovery rates are between 95%~105% Correlation coefficients are over 0.999 when the concentration is between 5 ng/ml~5 ?g/ml. Conclusion This technique is suitable for assay of tocopherol isomers in human serum at all ages.

Objective To investigate the effect of small interference RNA(siRNA) targeting RRM2 on the biological behavior of human osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2 and the molecular mechanisms.Methods RRM2 expression was knocked down in human osteosarcama cell line Saos-2 by RRM2 siRNA.The expression of RRM2 mRNA and protein was determined in human osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2 and human osteoblast-like cell line hFOB1.19 by real time-PCR and Western blot.The cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8.The migration was observed by using transwell system.The apoptotic rate was observed by ELISA.The expression of CyclinD1 and Bcl-2 proteins were detected by Western blot.Results The expression of RRM2 mRNA and protein was higher in Saos-2 than in hFOB1.19.siRRM2 could down-regulate the expression of RRM2 in Saos-2 cells in a time-and concentration-dependent manner.CCK-8 assay showed that si-RRM2 could inhibit the proliferation ability of Saos-2 cells in a time-and concentrationdependent manner,but had no effect on the proliferation of hFOB1.19 cells.Transwell assay indicated that si-RRM2 could inhibit the migration of Saos-2 cells.si-RRM2 combined with adriamycin could increase the apoptosis of Saos-2 cells.Western blot showed that the expression of Cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 were decreased by silencing RRM2.Condusion RRM2 overexpression maybe associate with the osteosarcoma cells proliferation and migration and suppression of its function is a potential therapeutic strategy in osteosarcoma.

Objective To investigate the prenatal diagnosis and postnatal management of fetal hydronephrosis.Methods One hundred and two cases (87 unilateral and 15 bilateral,with a total of 117 kidneys) of fetal hydronephrosis in singleton pregnancy were diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography in Jinhua People's Hospital between January 2011 and December 2014.During pregnancy and postpartum,all cases were routinely examined by genitourinary ultrasound for the classification of severity of hydronephrosis.The age of gestation at diagnosis of fetal hydronephrosis,the classification of hydronephrosis and postnatal follow-up outcome were recorded and retrospectively analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis.Results Of the 102 pregnancies,the mean gravida age and gestational age at diagnosis of fetal hydronephrosis was (28.1 ± 3.7) years (20-39 years) and (30.44-4.9) gestational weeks (16-40 gestational weeks),respectively.One hundred and two cases (35 right,52 left and 15 bilateral) of fetal hydronephrosis were diagnosed by antenatal ultrasonography.In the second trimester,59 cases (11 bilateral) of fetal hydronephrosis were diagnosed,including 28 mild (five bilateral),24 moderate (three bilateral),four severe (one bilateral) and three terminated ones.In the third trimester,43 cases (four bilateral) were diagnosed,including 22 mild (two bilateral),17 moderate (one bilateral),two severe and two terminated ones.All these patients were re-examined by ultrasonography at 48 hourspostpartum,and hydronephrosis was still present in 41 cases (five bilateral),including 19 grade 1 (two bilateral),11 grade 2 (two bilateral),seven grade 3 and four grade 4 (one bilateral).From the second and third trimester to postnatal period,there were 18 (two bilateral) and 23 (three bilateral) cases of hydronephrosis,respectively.The regression rate of prenatal hydronephrosis was 53.8％ (63/117),including 64.3％ (45/70) in the second trimester and 38.3％ (18/47) in the third trimester.During postnatal follow-up period,two cases (6.7％,2/30,unilateral) of grade 2,four grade 3 (4/7,unilateral) and four grade 4 (one bilateral) underwent surgery.Eleven cases of grade 3-4 hydronephrosis (one bilateral) were followed up and nine kidneys were treated with surgery due to ureteropelvic junction obstruction (6/9),ureter stricture (1/9),vesicoureteral stricture (1/9) and posterior urethral valves (1/9).Conclusions Although the majority of cases of fetal hydronephrosis spontaneously regress,postnatal hydronephrosis should be monitored timely and continuously by ultrasound.In particular,grade 3-4 hydronephrosis should be followed up to evaluate renal functions.If hydronephrosis presents with symptoms,progressive aggravation,pathological obstruction,or differential renal function ＜ 40％,early surgical intervention should be provided to improve renal functions.