Objective To investigate the prevalence of urine abnormalities for school children in Lanzhou and evaluate the signiifcance of urine screening. Methods During 2012-2013, urine from 10795 students were collected, and screened by urine reagent paper. Two weeks later, repeated screening was conducted in those who had abnormal result in the ifrst screening. Children with both results being abnormal were submitted to urine routine tests in local hospitals. Results In the ifrst screening of school children, 1653 (15.31%) children were urinary occult blood positive, 516 (4.78%) had urinary protein, 112 (1.04%) had occult blood with proteinuri and 743 (6.88%) had white cells in urine. In the second urine screening, the positive rate of occult blood was 7.55%(815 ), urinary protein was 2.13%(230), occult blood with proteinuria was 0.69%(74) and white cells in urine was 2.51%(271). Four hundred and iffty-ifve students in 1359 were submitted to urine routine tests. Thirty-two children had pyuria, 147 had hematuria, 23 had proteinuria and 13 had occult blood with proteinuria. Thirteen cases of chronic kidney disease were found in the follow-up. The incidence of urine abnormalities was signiifcantly higher in junior middle school than in primary school. Conclusions Urine screening is an effective way to ifnd asymptomatic kidney disease and urinary tract infection. Follow-up should be strengthened.

Objective To investigate the positive ratio of urine and gender difference of chronic kidney disease(CKD) with children in Lanzhou,a heavy pollution and underdeveloped city in northwest of China.Methods Through the Multistix 10 SG,the morning urine of the children were detected,which aged from 12 to 13 years old.Results The positive ratio of urine was 14.9％ in subjects,18.2％ in girls and 12.8 ％ in boys respectively.Furthermore,the positive ratio in girls showed statistically significant higher than boy's.(x2 =21.77,P ＜ 0.01).Espcially,the ratios of hematuria and pyuria significantly increased in girls (x2 =17.52,P ＜ 0.01;x2=7.95,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The gender difference of the positive rate of urine was existed in our large samples.And there is a higher prositive rate of hematuria and pyuria in the girls.This investigation will enrich the epidemiological data of CKD in children(12 ～ 13 years old)in Lanzhou city.

Objective:To investigate the effect of icariin combined with embryonic stem cells on the renal epithelial cells in the contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) rats and its possible mechanism,and to provide experimental evidence for clinical application of icariin.Methods:Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into,control group,model group,icariin group,stem cell group and combination group (n =10).The rat models were established by tail vein injection of INDO,L-NAME and diatrizoate.The serum creatinine (Scr) levels of the rats were detected before and after modeling.The expressions of p38MAPK and caspase-3 mRNA and protein were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting method.The apoptotic rate of renal epithelial cells was detected by flow cytometry.Results:The levels of Scr of rats were significantly increased 48 h after combination contrast agent injection,suggesting that the CIN models were successfully set up.Compared with model group,the Scr level of the rats in group was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).compared with model group the expression levels of p38MAPK and caspase-3 mRNA and protein in icariin group and stem cell group and in combination group were decreased (P＜0.05).The apoptotic rate of renal epithelial cells in combination group was significantly lower than those in icariine and stem cell groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Icariine combined with embryonic stem cells has a protectice effect on the renal epithelial cells in the CIN rats,and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the related factors in the apoptosis pathways.