Objective To verify that traditional Chinese medicines have certain price advantages compared with western medicines,and to estimate the rational increase in the compensation proportion of traditional Chinese medicine in the new rural cooperative medical system.Methods Using stratified sampling survey and literature review,the average outpatient and hospitalization expenses in the treatment of common diseases in rural areas were calculated and compared among traditional Chinese medicine,western medicine,and integrated traditional and western medicine.Results For average outpatient and hospitalization expenses,traditional Chinese medicine was lower than western medicine,integrated traditional and western medicine was lower than western medicine.and traditional Chinese medicine was lower than integrated traditional and western medicine.For hospitalization expense,traditional Chinese medicine had a 25.2%lower expense compared with western medicine.The ratios of expenses were statistically calculated,and the mathematical model for the compensation proportions of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in the new rural cooperative medical system was put forward.Conclusions In the implementation scheme of new rural cooperative medical system,the compensation proportion of traditional Chinese medicine in outpatient and hospitalization expenses should be increased by 25%and 33%respectively compared with western medicine.

Objective To investigate the expression of Smad5 gene in the cochlea and to identify its location. Methods Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was employed to detect the expression of Smad5, the in situ hybridization and the immunohistochemical technique were used to localize the Smad5 messenger RNA and the Smad5 protein in mouse cochlea. Results Smad5 gene expressed in cochlea at a high level. Smad5 expression was concentrated in supporting cell, hair cell, spiral ganglion, epithelium of stria vascularis and basilar membrane. Conclusion The Smad5 proteins exist in the mouse cochlea and it may be involved in the cochlear formation and the differentiation of hair cell. Smad5 might be an essential factor for the development of normal cochlea.

Objective:To investigate the expression of a new cytokine,thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and its receptor TSLPR in the villi of human first trimester gestation.Methods:Villi were collected from women who had undergone an artificial abortion at 7-11 weeks of normal gestation.The trophoblast cells (Tros) were isolated and cultured.The total RNA was extracted using TRIzol reagent,from both villi and the Percoll-gradient-isolated Tros,then the DNA fragments of hTSLP and hTSLPR were amplificated by RT-PCR.Villous tissues were detected for TSLP by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot.Immunocytochemistry (ICC) was carried out on cultured trophoblast cells for TSLP/TSLPR expression.Levels of TSLP in the supernatants were detected by ELISA.Results:Normal villi and the cultured Tros transcript were found to express TSLP/TSLPR mRNA and secreted TSLP protein.In addition,TSLP receptor was also expressed on trophoblasts.Conclusion:Both TSLP and its receptor are expressed on villi and trophoblast cells,which suggests that TSLP plays an important role in maternal-fetal immuno-tolerance in human early pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of Hath1 on epithelial ridge (GER) cells from postnatal rat cochlear. METHODS An experimental method was developed which allowed the isolation and culture of GER cells from P1 rat cochleae using a combinatorial approach of enzymatic digestion and mechanical separation. The dissociated GER cells were cultured in DMEM+10% FBS. The GER explants infected with ad-Hath1 for 3 hours were cultured for 10 days and observed under scanning electron microscope. RESULTS The GER cell cultures tended to attach to the substratum and grow in patches which assume a polygonal morphology similar to that of epithelial cells in medium containing 10% serum. Stereociliary bundle-like structures were observed in the boundary of GER cell patches forced to express Hath1. CONCLUSION That GER cells which are likely hair cell progenitors could be cultured in vitro and generate stereociliary bundle-like structure when forced to express Hath1 suggests that the misexpression of Hath1 probably can induce the predifferentiation of pure hair cell progenitors into hair cells in vitro.

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy and relative influence factors of self-expanding metallic stents (SEMS) in treating colorectal cancer obstruction.Methods Information of 47 patients received SEMS to treat colorectal cancer obstruction from Mar.2012 to Dec.2017 in Beijing Haidian Hospital were collected,who were then followed up in outpatient or by telephone.Effective rate,survival rate and complications were recorded and calculated by the software of SPSS 17.0.Chi-square test was used to analyze relative influence factors.Results Results shown that the clinical efficacy was 100％ (47/47).Patients' 30-day survival rate and 6-month survival rate were 87.2％ (41/47) and 68.1％ (32/47),respectively.After surgery,2 patients presented with perforation,3 patients presented with migration and 5 patients presented with reobstruction.Clinical stage of tumor and stent length were related with complications and survival.Therein,complications presented more in patients with advanced cancer.And the longer stent length,the higher mortality.Conclusions Clinical stage of tumor and stent length maybe risk factors of complications and survival of patients after SEMS surgery of colorectal cancer obstruction.

Objective To observe the condition changes in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) following medication withdraw of nucleoside/nucleotide analogues (NAs) treatment and to analyze the factors related to disease relapse.Methods Eighty-five CHB patients who discontinued medication of nucleoside/nucleotide analogues for antiviral therapy in Nanjing Second Municipal Hospital from January 2002 to December 2017 were enrolled in the study, among whom 22 cases met the withdrawal criteria (standard withdrawal group ) and 63 cases did not meet the withdraw criteria ( non-standard withdrawal group).The correlation of condition changes (abnormal liver function, positive rate of HBV DNA, hepatic failure with the drug withdrawal , the course of medication, serological transformation of HBeAg during drug withdrawal, HBsAg level, and liver cirrhosis during drug administration was analyzed.Results In standard withdraw group, the medication lasted for ＞3 years, only 1 case had HBV DNA positive conversion , abnormal ALT and TBil, and liver failure.In non-standard withdraw group, 50 cases (79.4%) had HBV DNA positive conversion, 36 (57.1%) had abnormal ALT, 25 ( 39.7%) had abnormal TBil and 14 (22.2%) had liver failure.There were 19 cases with HBsAg ＞1 000 IU/mL and 3 cases with HBsAg ≤1 000 IU/mL, and 1 case with HBsAg＞1 000 IU/mL (5.3%) had HBV DNA positive conversion , ALT, TBil abnormality and liver failure.In non-standard withdraw group, there were 52 cases with HBsAg ＞1000 IU/mL, among whom 45 cases (86.5%) had positive HBV DNA conversion , 31 (59.6%) had ALT abnormalities, 25 (48.1%) had TBil abnormalities, and 13 (25.0%) had liver failure; there were 11 patients with HBsAg ≤1 000 IU/mL, among whom 6 cases (54.5%) had HBV DNA positive conversion , 5 (45.4%) had ALT abnormalities, and no TBil abnormalities or liver failure occurred.There were 5 cases of liver cirrhosis in the standard withdraw group , only 1 case had HBV DNA positive conversion , ALT, TBil abnormality and liver failure.None of the 17 patients with non-cirrhosis had HBV DNA positive conversion , ALT, TBil abnormality and liver failure.There were 29 patients with liver cirrhosis in non-standard withdraw group showed positive HBV DNA conversion , 28 (96.6%) had ALT abnormalities, 22 (75.8%) had TBil abnormalities, and 11 (37.9%) had liver failure; among 34 non-cirrhosis patients, 21 (61.8%) had positive HBV DNA conversion, 8 (23.5%) had ALT abnormalities, 3 (8.8%) had TBil abnormalities, and 2 (5.9%) had liver failure.According to the standard discontinuation , 12 patients (16.7%) had positive HBV DNA transformation after HBeAg serological conversion , and no ALT abnormality, TBil abnormality and liver failure occurred.In non-standard withdraw group, only 17 cases without HBeAg serological conversion , 10 cases (58.8%) had positive HBV DNA conversion , 5 cases (29.4%) had ALT abnormalities, 2 cases (11.8%) had TBil abnormalities and liver failure did not occur.Conclusion CHB patients with medication of NAs should be discontinued according to the withdrawal criteria .and the course of medication, the immune index and the liver cirrhosis should be taken into account.

OBJECTIVE: To observe whether bFGF could cross the blood-labyrinth barrier (BLB) after intra-abdominal injection and to establish an experimental basis for its clinical applications. METHOD: Thirty guinea pigs were divided into three groups. Animals in group 1 were administered o I-bFGF, while animals in group 2 and 3 were administered 125 and saline, respectively, via intra-abdominal injection. The both cochlea, blood, liver, brain, thyroid gland and kidney were collected and weighted. A radioimmunoassay analyzer was employed to measure counts per minute (CPM) of each sample, and autoradiography was performed on both cochlea. RESULT: The CPM value of organ samples in the 125I group was higher than that in other groups, and radioactive grain was observed in cochlear samples of this group. In the 125I-bFGF group, blood demonstrated the highest CPM value, while cochlea and brain demonstrated the lowest CPM value, with no radioactive grain observed in cochlear samples. CONCLUSION bFGF has some difficulties in getting across BLB, so the way of bFGF application in clinics need further study.
Animals ; Autoradiography ; Cochlea ; cytology ; metabolism ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; administration & dosage ; Guinea Pigs ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; administration & dosage

Background: Assessment of disease severity of ulcerative colitis (UC) is crucial for the decision of drug treatment strategy, the appraisal of response to drugs, and the prognosis evaluation. Aims: To establish and validate a discriminant model for the quantification of disease severity of UC. Methods: The clinical data of 169 active UC cases admitted at the Beijing Haidian Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Based on Truelove-Witts criteria, seven widely accepted indices including temperature, pulse, defecation frequency, hematochezia, hemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and albumin (Alb) were selected and a stepwise discriminant analysis was performed to establish a discriminant model using Fisher's linear discriminant function, and then the discriminant model was validated from different aspects. Results: The discriminant model: F1 (mild)=-51.109+0.587X1+0.295X2+0.379X3+0.071X4; F2 (moderate)=-49.905+0.624X1+0.512X2+0.333X3+0.095X4; F3 (severe)=-57.294+0.709X1+0.599X2+0.296X3+0.141X4 [ X1, pulse (beats /min); X2, defecation frequency (times/d); X3, Hb (g/L); X4, ESR (mm/h)]. The result of the newly established discriminant model was moderately correlated with the Truelove-Witts criteria (r

Objective:To evaluate the value of the skeletal muscle index (SMI) and psoas major muscle index(PMI) measured at the third lumbar vertebra(L3) level in the evaluation on nutritional status and prognosis of cirrhosis patients with ascites.Methods:The clinical data of 102 patients with cirrhosis and ascites treated in our department between September 2018 and September 2022 was analyzed retrospectively, the skeletal muscle and psoas muscle area at L3 level were measured, and L3-SMI and L3-PMI were calculated. According to L3-SMI, patients were divided into the sarcopenia group (62 cases) and the normal muscle mass group (40 cases). Differences between the two groups were compared in terms of L3-SMI, L3-PMI, body mass index (BMI), albumin, the rate of re-admissions and mortality during follow-up. The value of each index in nutritional assessment was also explored.Results:L3-SMI, L3-PMI, and albumin in the sarcopenia group were significantly lower than those in the normal muscle mass group, with statistical significance ( P<0.01).The BMI of the sarcopenia group was lower than that of the normal muscle mass group, but the difference was not significant ( P>0.05). L3-PMI showed better performance in nutritional assessment compared with albumin and BMI. The rate of re-admissions and the mortality rate in the sarcopenia group during the follow-up period were significantly higher compared with the normal muscle mass group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:L3-SMI and L3-PMI can effectively reflect the nutritional status of cirrhosis patients with ascites, and are promising indicators for prognosis prediction in cirrhosis patients with ascites.

Objective:To investigate the safety and clinical outcome of ultra-early oral nutrition after endoscopic treatment of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding in liver cirrhosis patients.Methods:Cirrhotic patients with gastroesophageal variceal bleeding who received endoscopic treatment at the Endoscopic Center of Beijing Haidian Hospital were retrospectively included from January 2018 to January 2022. The patients were divided into ultra-early oral nutrition group where patients would fast for 4 hours after endoscopic treatment and routine treatment group where patients would fast for at least 48 hours after operation and receive parenteral nutrition during fasting. The rebleeding, infection events (including pulmonary infection, urinary infection, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, etc.), hospitalization duration and hospital readmission were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 96 patients were enrolled, including 52 with ultra-early oral nutrition, 44 with routine treatment. There was no significant difference in age, gender, BMI, cause of liver cirrhosis, Child-Pugh score, LDRf classification of gastroesophageal varices and degree of esophageal varices between the two groups ( P > 0.05). All patients were followed up for 6 weeks and there was no significant difference in incidence of rebleeding (5.8% vs 4.5%, P > 0.999), peritonitis (1.9% vs 4.5%, P = 0.883), pulmonary infection (5.8% vs 11.4%, P = 0.537) and urinary infection (3.8% vs 2.3%, P > 0.999) between the two groups. The non-inferiority analysis suggested that the safety defined as free from rebleeding in ultra-early oral nutrition group was not inferior to that in routine treatment group ( P = 0.0018). The hospitalization duration in ultra-early oral nutrition group was significantly shorter than that in routine treatment group (6 days vs 9 days, P < 0.001). The hospital readmission rate within 6 weeks in the ultra-early oral nutrition group tended to be lower than that in the routine treatment group (3.8% vs 9.1%, P = 0.526). Conclusion:Ultra-early oral nutrition after endoscopic treatment of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding in liver cirrhosis patients shows similar rebleeding risk compared with current practice and can shorten hospitalization duration.