Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations,laboratory findings and renal patho logic changes,as well as their relationships in patients with lupus nephritis (LN).Methods According to the latest classification criteria of lupus nephritis,the clinical manifestations,laboratory findings and renal patho logic changes and their relationships of 281 cases of biopsy proven LN were retrospectively analyzed.Results Totally 281 cases of LN patients were enrolled in total.The ratio of male to female was 1∶9.7.Proteinuria ac companied with hematuria (35.2%) and nephrotie syndrome (33.8%) were the main clinical manifestations. The most common renal pathological change was type Ⅳ LN (35.9%) and type Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ accounting for 89.0% totally.The main pathologic changes of nephrotic syndrome were type Ⅳ and Ⅴ,while those who ac companied with renal dysfunction were mainly type Ⅵ and Ⅳ.Most simple hematuria cases showed mild renal injury.However,type Ⅳ and Ⅴ accounted for 40.4% in the 47 cases of LN whose 24 hours urine protein＜ 1.0 g and with normal renal function.Most severe proteinuria was found in Type Ⅴ and higher serum creatinine and anti-dsDNA antibody level were found in type Ⅵ and Ⅳ.The lowest lever of serum complement 3 (C3) was found in type Ⅳ.The amount of 24 hours urine protein showed negative correlation with semm C3 but positive correlation with serum creatinine.Serum C3 demonstrated negative relationship with serum creatinine and anti-dsDNA antibody,while serum creatinine was positively related to anti-dsDNA antibody level. Conclusion The major renal pathological lesions of LN are type Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ.There are associations be tween clinical and pathological changes,but axe not always consistent.Proteinuria,low serum C3 and high an ti-dsDNA antibody level may provide clue to severe and active LN.Renal biopsy is important in the diagnosis and progression evaluation of LN.

Objective: To investigate the expression changes of TNF ? mRNA after brain explosive injury in dogs. Methods: With the brain explosive injury model we had developed, nuclei acid in situ hybridization with an antisense RNA probe and computer image analysis were used to detect the dynamic changes of TNF ? mRNA in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and up brain stem after brain injury. Results: The expression of TNF ? mRNA could be found in several regions of normal dog's brain tissues, and the expression became more obvious and widespread following explosive injury to the brain. In all of the brain regions, the expression changes of cerebral contussive area and hippocampus were more significant. TNF ? mRNA expression increased significantly at 30 min and reached maximum at 1 h after the explosive injury, and then decreased gradually, which was higher than normal's. More expression were detected in the ipsilateral hemisphere than contralateral hemisphere. Conclusion: The expression of TNF ? mRNA in basal condition implicate that TNF ? may play an important role in neural function. It is suggested that TNF ? may play an important role in traumatic brain injury. [

ObjectiveEstablish an animal model of preeclampsia in goats, collect data on various physiological indicators and maternal biological characteristics of the disease model to compare with clinical feature of the disease in humans, provide reference for the prevention and treatment of preeclampsia in humans.Methods Twenty-three goats bred in Chongming district were divided into three groups: Control group, no surgical procedure was performed on animals of this group; sham group, ewes in this group underwent the sham operation on the 100±5th day of gestation, and only the uterine artery was exposed and dissociated; surgical group, a silver vascular clamp was clipped on one side of the uterine body artery of the ewe to narrow the inner diameter of the artery at the same gestation period (100±5) days. Heart rate and hindlimb blood pressure were continuously monitored in control and surgical ewes from 100 to 140 d of gestation, and blood flow data within the lateral branches of the uterine arteries of ewes in the sham group were collected using a hemodynamometer in combination with a hemodynamic probe and an animal physiological signal collector, as well as changes in blood flow within the uterine arteries in the lateral branches of the uterine arteries of the surgical group before and after placement of vascular clips in the surgical ewes. At the expected date of delivery, jugular vein blood was taken from ewes for routine blood test, creatinine, urea nitrogen, and blood ion analysis; urine was also collected from ewes in each group for analysis of urinary protein and urinary creatinine. All experimental groups were subjected to cesarean section on the 140±5th day of gestation in ewes, and then liver, kidney, uterus and placenta tissues were taken from ewes in each group and stained with HE for pathological observation. Results After 15 minutes of preeclampsia modeling surgery, blood flow volume remained stable in the vessel stenosis segment and the volume differential was relatively reduced in comparison to the control group and sham group (P＜0.05，P＜0.01). Compared with the control group, the ewes in the surgical group showed prenatal changes such as increased serum osmolality, decreased hemoglobin, increased blood glucose and urea nitrogen values, as well as increased levels of calcium, sodium, and chloride ions (all P<0.05) and proteinuria, with urinary creatinine and urinary protein-creatinine ratios were significantly higher than those in the control group and sham group (all P<0.05). The elastic lamina of the uterine body arteries on the operated side of the animals in the surgical group was thicker than that on the opposite side, but the structure was loose. The placenta on the operated side showed pathological changes such as cell interstitial swelling and inflammatory cell infiltration. The above physiological index characteristics were more consistent with the clinical features of human preeclampsia disease.Conclusion In this experiment, we successfully constructed a goat preeclampsia model and obtained data on relevant physiological indexes of this model, which further verified the correlation between preeclampsia disease and uterine artery lesions.