Six years' English teaching in department of obstetrics and gynecology in Wenzhou Medical College were reviewed. Language and cultural differences are the main reasons hindering teaching quality. Rational use of a variety of teachers,preparing for lessons adequately,adoption of English image data,supplying and revising English teaching materials,using network auxiliary teaching and forming ef-fective education mode are conducive to improving English teaching quality in department of obstetrics and gynecology for foreign students.

Objective We aimed to investigate the community nurses' awareness of health policy,related behaviors and paths of learning.Methods A total of 150 community nurses were enrolled in this study by answering a self-completion questionnaire.The survey contents included general conditions of nurses,awareness,related behaviors and paths of learning of community health policy.Results 91.7％ of the respondents believed that heahh policy was important or very important,but only 10.4％ of the respondents understood health policy fully.71.5％ said that they would lecture patients health policy actively and 70.8％ would lecture their colleagues actively.51.4％ respondents would like to take part in policy-making if they were allowed.Education background,professional title and the awareness of health policy were factors of community nurses' policy related behaviors.They learned health policy by working meeting,training and documents.Conclusions It is necessary to improve their school record and adjust their professional title,to strengthen the publicity of health policy by broaden channels of publicity.By these,community nurses' awareness of health policy would be improved,their policy related behaviors would be promoted.Further,the health policy would be well delivered and implemented.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of group teaching of Third Hospital of Peking University (Beijing Medical Third Hospital) for a hospital located in remote area. Methods From 2016 to 2017, 19 medical staff from Peking University Third Hospital gave their support to Huanxian People's Hospital and provided respectively the theoretical support, guidance of clinical skills, medical consultation, free paid clinic, outpatient service, and teaching rounds, etc. A questionnaire survey was carried out to realize the subjective evaluation of the 155 clinical front-line staff who had participated in the class regarding the effect of group teaching and the most welcome teaching mode and contents; the objective data on the monthly outpatient visits, number of patients admitted into the hospital, the number of surgical patients, etc were calculated and compared between the pre-support (2014 to 2015) and post-support (2016 to 2017) period to evaluate the effect of counterpart support. Results One hundred and fourteen of the 155 medical staff in their respective departments were trained by the experts, and the percentage of medical staff believed that the counterpart support helped clinical work very much accounting for [58.8% (67/114)] being significantly higher than those who considered of no help [9.6% (11/114)], a little help [16.7% (19/114)] and some help [14.9% (17/114), χ2= 94.082, P = 0.000]; after support, the number of monthly outpatient visits compared to that of pre-support period (case times:43 816.5±3 406.9 vs. 37 319.5±4 302.1) and the number of monthly patients hospitalized compared to that of pre-support period (case times: 2 978.3±235.1 vs. 2 250.9±218.1) were significantly higher than those before the support (all P < 0.05), no statistical significant difference in monthly surgery volume (case times: 449.8±107.3 vs. 459.0±85.4, P > 0.05) between the above 2 periods was seen. The survey showed that the mostly demanding teaching method was theoretical teaching [65.8% (102/155)], followed by teaching rounds [50.3% (78/155)] and outpatient teaching the least [18.1% (28/155)]. That the ratios of various teaching contents with their sequence from high to low the medical personnel required were as follows: to learn new technologies [76.8% (119/155)], medical frontier knowledge [68.4% (106/155)], and standard diagnosis and treatment manipulations [67.7% (105/155)], cultivation of clinical thinking [66.5% (103/155)] and passing on surgical skills [56.1% (87/155)]. There were statistical significant differences between each teaching method and teaching content (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Teaching to cultivate qualified health personnel is the key to the development of hospitals located in remote areas, according to their needs, combining local conditions and the establishment of long-term cooperation mechanisms, we can comprehensively improve the professional quality of medical personnel and the overall strength of hospitals located in remote areas.

Objective To explore the issues related to the standardized training of resident doctors at the primary hospital and provide basis for the standardization of doctors' training. Methods Questionnaires were used to investigate the resident titles, ages, and education background in the Huanxian People's Hospital. The self-assessment of the competency of resident doctors and professional contents necessary for their improvement were analyzed to identify the medical topics should be recommended to improve their clinical knowledge and techniques. Results Forty-six of 52 registered residents in the Huanxian People's Hospital participated in the survey with a participation rate of 88.5%. In this hospital, mainly the title of physicians was resident, accounting for 43.3% (52/120), the ages were chiefly in the range of 31 - 35 years, and their education levels were college degree 42.3% (22/52) and bachelor degree 48.1% (25/52). 76.1% (35/46) of the residents found they had difficulties in working and not competent enough on the present post, and 71.7% (33/46) of residents considered that they were in urgent need to strengthen their trainings of clinical thinking and clinical skills. Conclusions Strengthening the residents' self academic qualifications, improving the hospital teaching system, enhancing the teaching management, and focusing on clinical thinking and clinical skills training are the main issues in the current standardized training in primary hospitals. By accelerating the standardized training of residents, they may have the chance to transform to be the middle-level physicians and improve the unreasonable structure of doctor title distribution that will play the key role in the development of primary hospitals.

Radiotherapy is one of the important methods for treating malignant tumors. However, due to the limitation of normal tissue tolerance dose, it is impossible to give a sufficient irradiation dose to the tumor, which causes treatment failure. Therefore, how to improve the sensitivity of the tumor to radiation is a prominent problem in tumor radiotherapy. Radiosensitizers can enhance the sensitivity of tumor radiotherapy and improve the efficacy of radiotherapy, through accelerating DNA damage, producing free radicals and regulating key molecular targets. This paper summarized the applications of radiosensitizers in radiotherapy, the development status of radiosensitizers and research progresses in the related fields.Furthermore, the possible mechanisms of how radiosensitizers enhance the sensitivity of tumors were also briefly reviewed. This review will elucidate the detailed molecular mechanisms of radiosensitization regulation, promote the development of radiosensitizers, and facilitate the development of new strategies to improve radiotherapy efficiency.

Objective To investigate the relationship between various loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) margin status and residual high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or worse at hysterectomy following conization. Methods The relevant clinicopathological data were collected in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University from Jan. 2014 to Dec. 2015, including 947 cases who underwent hysterectomy within 6 months of LEEP. The residual HSIL or worse at hysterectomy were analyzed among the groups. (1) Clear margins, involved margins, and without 1 mm negative margins. (2) Only one positive margin, two positive margins and three positive margins. (3) A positive margin of internal ostium of cervix, of external ostium of cervix and of the basement. Results (1) The histological evaluation of the uterine specimens showed residual HSIL or worse in 234 cases (24.7％, 234/947). The proportion of residual lesions was 7.3％ (21/286) in population with clear margins, 33.2％ (211/635) with involved margins, 7.7％ (2/26) without 1 mm negative margins, respectively. The positive margins group had significant difference at the aspect of residual rate in contrast to the negative margins group and the without 1 mm negative margins group (P<0.01). Further studies conclusively showed that the proportion of residual lesions was very similar between the negative margins group and the without 1 mm negative margins group (P>0.05). (2) The involved margins were interpretable in 621 cases. This was detected in 25.3％(111/438) patients with only one positive margin, 47.4％(74/156) with two positive margins and 77.8％(21/27) among three positive margins, respectively (P<0.01). (3) Furthermore, there were 418 cases only one positive margin was definite, and the proportion of residual lesions was 31.0％(62/200) in population with a positive margin of internal ostium of cervix, 18.2％(31/170) of external ostium of cervix and 33.3％(16/48) of the basement. The residual rates were higher in the endocervical and basal margin groups than that in the ectocervical margin group, and the differences were significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The risk of residual HSIL or worse is significantly greater with involved margins at hysterectomy following LEEP. Both the positive endocervical and basal margin are excellent predictors of residual diseases, while the without 1 mm negative margin may be not. Clinicians should avoid treating it as positive margin and prevent overtreatment.

Objective To comprehend the sense of competence and depression status for neonatal father and explore the relationship between them in order to provide evidence for the improvement of psychological and physical health. Methods A total of 180 3 days neonatal father had been chosen by convenience sampling method in 5 three-level hospitals in Xi′an. We utilized Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the Chinese version of the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale ( PSCS) to survey neonatal father by questionnaire and analyzed neonatal father′s sense of competence and depression by Spearman correlation analysis. Results The average score of neonatal father′s PSCS acquired (69. 74 ± 8. 40) while there were 35 (21. 08%) father felt depression. Parenting sense of competence had negative correlation with postpartum depression (r= -0. 510,-0. 507,-0. 326,respectively;P<0. 01). Conclusions The depression of neonatal father is one issue neglected which could impact on parenting sense of competence.

Objective: To analyses the antimicrobial resistance and molecular characterization of 21 MRSA isolates cultured from retail foods from different provinces in China, and evaluate the molecular typing methods. Methods: Twenty-one MRSA isolates were obtained from national foodborne pathogen surveillance network in 2012 (Chinese salad, n=3; milk, n=1; cake, n=2; rice, n=1; cold noodle, n=1; spiced beef, n=1; dumpling, n=1; packed meal, n=1; salad, n=1; raw pork, n=9). The antimicrobial resistance of 21 strains to 12 antimicrobial agents was tested by broth dilution method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing were performed to obtain the genetic types of MLST (ST) and spa typing. The clonal complex (CC) was assigned by eBURST soft and the MLVA type (MT) and MLVA complex (MC) were identified via the database of the MLVA website (http://www.mlva.net). SmaI pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (SmaⅠ-PFGE) was also carried out to obtain the PFGE patterns of 21 strains. The genetic diversity and discriminatory power of typing were calculated by the Simpson's index of diversity (diversity index, DI) to find out the best genotyping method for MRSA. Results: All MRSA isolates showed multi-drug resistance(MDR), and were resistant to oxacillin, benzylpenicillin, clindamycin and erythromycin, and 71.4% (15/21), 47.6% (10/21), 42.9% (9/21) and 28.6% (6/21) of the MRSA isolates were resistant to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and gentamicin, respectively. Moreover, one strain was found to be resistant to all three antimicrobials of levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and rifampicin. Great diversity was found in these food-associated MRSA (6 STs, 7 spa types, and 9 MTs). PFGE patterns were more diverse than those of other three molecular typing methods (19 pulse types). The index of diversity (DI) of PFGE, MLVA, spa typing and MLST was 0.99, 0.80, 0.73, and 0.61, respectively. Among the MRSA isolates, CC9-ST9-t899-MT929-MC2236 (PFGE Cluster Ⅴ) was the most prevalent clone, which were all cultured from raw pork (9 isolates). Besides, two MRSA were identified as CC59-ST338-t437-MT621-MC621 (PFGE Cluster Ⅳ). Different clone had their own resistance spectrum profiles. Conclusion The food-borne MRSA isolates were all MDR in this study. Different clones had their own resistance spectrum profiles. MLVA represented a promising tool for molecular epidemiology tracing of MRSA in foodborne disease events.

Objective To understand effects of the interventional operation on thyroid,peripheral blood indexes and chromosomal aberrations (CA) of peripheral lymphocyte of children with congenital heart disease (CHD).Methods Follow-up studies were conducted in 70 child patients undergoing cardiac catheterization and 23 with open heart surgery as control from 2010 to 2013.Postoperative follow-up examinations included thyroid ultrasound,blood routine indexes and analyses of CAs.Results Difference in thyroid ultrasound abnormality rate was not statistically significant between children with cardiac catheterization and control group (40.0％ vs.43.5％,P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in white blood cell (WBC) count between interventional group and control group (P ＞ 0.05).The effects of disease type and operation time on thyroid ultrasound and WBC count were not observed (P ＞ 0.05).The frequency of chromosome aberrations,including acentric fragment,dicentrics and translocation in interventional group [(0.76 ± 0.07) ％],was higher than in control group [(0.25 ± 0.07) ％,(Z =-3.631,P ＜ 0.05],and the rates of acentric fragment and translocation were also higher in interventional group (Z =-2.531,-2.397,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Effect of intervention therapy on thyroid structure and WBC count in children with CHD was not observed,but the genotoxic effects remain in children with cardiac catheterization.