To elucidate the mechanism of negative nitrogen balance after burns, immuno precipitation deduction was used to observe the changes in the activity of 26S proteasome and 19S regulator in skeletal muscle of rats inflicted with 30%TBSAⅢ o burns. The protease activity, ATPase activity of 26S proteasome,as well as 19S regulator in skeletal muscle of rats were markedly enhanced on the second day after scald. It is suggested that burn injury could activate the 26S proteasome in skeletal muscle, in turn enhance the degradation of protein , which is associated with negative nitrogen balance following scald

Objective To study the effectrve approach of the nutrition support in burn patients. Methods The means of immuno-precipitation-deduction,ELISA and fluore-photometion were used to test the change of activities,protein expression of the 19S regulator and the rate of protein degradation in skeletal muscle in scard rats with enteral feeding or parenteral nutrition. Results Compared with parenteral nutrition , enteral feeding could markedly reduce the activity and protein expression of the 19S regulator ,and the digeneration of skeletal muscle was also lower. Conclusions The early enteral feeding can distinctly inhibit the system of 26S proteasome , thereby reduce the protein degradation of skeletal muscle in scald rats,which may be benefical to the metabolic modulation of the burned patients.

Objective To estimate the assay performance of two different kind of reagent with different concentration of NADH.Methods Verificated function index of these two reagents,such as accuracy,sensitiveness,blank space and so on, and determined the molar extinction coefficient of NADH using hexokinase method and calculated the NADH density in two kind of AST reagents.Then estimated the effect of concentation of NADH on the analysis performance.Results NADH concentration was 0.21 mmol/L,and the sample detection limit of the linear was 1 629 U/L.NADH concentration was 0.13 mmol/L,and the sample detection limit of the linear was 1 263 U/L.So the gap between the two reagent’s detection linear was visible.But there were no significant changes in other performance indicators such as detection sensitivity,reagent blank,precision.Conclusion The NADH concentration in the reagent of AST had greatimpact on the detecting linear range, so should pay attention to the potential change of linear range in the daily work.

Objectives:To compare the effect of defferent routes of nutritional support on the 26 S proteasome. Methods:The means of immuno precipitation deduction,ELISA and fluore photomction were used to test the change of activities,contents of the 26 S proteasome and the rate of protein degradation in skeletal muscle of scalding rats with the animal model of enteral feeding and parenteral nutrition. Results:Compared with parenteral nutrition,enteral feeding could markedly reduce the activity and content of the 26 S proteasome,and the release of tyrosine was also lowered. Conclusions:The early enteral feeding can distinctly inhibit the system of 26 S proteasome,and reduce the protein degradation in skeletal muscle in bruned rats.

Objective To explore the mechanism of negative nitrogen balance in the treatment after burns. Methods The means of immuno precipitation deduction and ELISA were used to test the activities and contents of 26S proteasome and 19S regulator in skeletal muscle of rats inflicted with 30%TBSAⅢ burns. Results TNF? markedly raised the activities and contents of 26S proteasome and 19S regulator in skeletal muscle after scalding. Conclusion TNF? activates the 26S proteasome system in skeletal muscle, thus it enhances the degradation of protein, which is associated with the development of negative nitrogen balance following scalding.

Objective: Identification of the attachment site of phage PaP3 within the genome of Pseudo-monas aeruginosa PAS. Methods:The full genome of lysogenic bacteria was cleaved by Pst Ⅰ and produce a large fragment of more than 45 000 bp, which was subsequently digested by EcoR Ⅰ. Then the fragment containing DNA sequence of phage and bacteria was cloned into pFastBacTMHT A vector, and the result of sequencing indicated the right hybrid site attR. AttL was isolated by PCR on the base of integration mechanism. And then attP and attB were indentified according to the nucleotide sequences of attR and attB. Results:A sequence of 21 bp(5'-GGTCGTAGGTTCGAATCCTAC-3') was defined to be the core site of integration, which was located at t-RNAPro gene in the genome of phage PaP3 and t-RNALys gene in the genome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA3. The attP and attB flanked with a set of inverted repeat and direct repeat. Conclusion:The integrated site of PaP3 within the genome of PA3 was identified and characteriged, which could be of value in investigating the mechanism of integration and gene flow between different species in the natural world.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of different denture cleansers on the physical and mechanical properties of heat-cured denture base resin.Methods:Heat-curing denture base resin samples were prepared and respectively immersed in Polident,Stera-dent,0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution and distilled water for 60 h.The flexural strength and elastic modulus were measured(n =10)using 3-point bending test in a universal testing machine.A surface analyzer was used to measure the surface roughness of each specimen(n =10).Results:There were no significant differences of flexural strength and elastic modulus among Polident,Steradent and distilled water(P >0.05).The 0.5% sodium hypochlorite treatment produced lower flexural strength and elastic modulus than the other cleaners(P <0.05).No statistical significance of roughness was found among the solutions(P >0.05).Conclusion:Both Poli-dent and Steradent don't affect the physical and mechanical properties of the heat-cured acrylic resin.0.5% sodium hypochlorite solu-tion doesn't affect the surface roughness,but decreases the flexural strength and elastic modulus of the resin.

Objective To compare the clinical effects and safety of treating newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients by combining Glargine insulin with Metformin or/and Acarbose. Methods 84 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes ,who have a history of weight loss, body mass index( BMI )23 ～ 28kg/m2 and poorly controlled blood glucose in Metformin at least a month ,were randomly divided into three groups. Glargine insulin plus Mefformin were used in group A. Glargine insulin plus Acarbose(without mefformin)were used in group B, Glargine insulin, Acarbos and metformin were used in Group C. All three groups were given a 12-week follow-up. Results FBG,2hBG and HbA1c levels were lower in the patients after treatment( P ＜0. 05 ). HbA1c of patients was partly up to the standard in group A and group B,but HbA1c of patients was all up to the standard in group C. The effects in group C were better than those in group A and group B. It had the shortest time to achieve the target and the smallest dose of insulin in group C. BMI in group A and B did not change but decreased in group C(P＞0.05).The incidence of low blood sugar in all three groups was low and no significant difference observed among three groups (P＞0.05). And in all three groups no severe hypoglycemia occurred. Conclusion The method of combining Glargine insulin with Mefformin or/and Acarbose could effectively control blood sugar had little impact on body weight of the newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients, and moreover, the incidence of low blood sugar in the newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients was lower. It would be the ideal method to treat newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients considering the general safety and effectiveness and convenience.

This paper reported that a new type of floating osmotic pump of ambroxol hydrochloride was designed. Third method apparatus (Chinese Pharmacopeia 2010, appendix XD) was employed to simultaneously evaluate the release and floating behavior in vitro. The system was optimized using central composite design-response surface methodology. Similar factor (f2) between the release profile of self-made formulation and the target release profile was chosen as dependent factor. The amount of glucose (A, mg), pore former (B, %) and weight of coating (C, %) were employed as independent factors. Optimized formulation was: A (100.99 mg), B (1.70%), C (4.21%). The value of f2 (89.14) was higher than that of market capsules (69.02) and self-made tablets (72.15). It was showed that self-made capsules possessed character of zero-order release (r = 0.994 4) and drug release completely (>90%). It was showed in result of in vivo study that tmax and Cmax of self-made capsules were significantly lower than that of market capsules and self-made tablets. The correlation coefficient between the fraction of absorption in vivo and the release rate in vitro was 0.985 1, and relative bioequivalence of self-made capsules was 110.77%. Accordingly, self-made capsules displayed obviously characteristics of controlled release both in vivo and in vitro.

ObjectiveTo investigate the morning blood pressure surge(MBPS) and its relationship with 24-hour blood pressure variability and anti-hypertensive drugs in middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients.Methods A total of 521 middle-age and elderly men were surveyed with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and ambulatory electrocardiograms recordings as well as questionnaire investigation from January 2009 to December 2010.Subjects were divided into MBPS positive group and MBPS negative group according to the level of MBPS[ ＞35 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) or ≤35 mm Hg].ResultsIn all the cases,the prevalence of MBPS was 19.4％,of which the elderly and very elderly had higher prevalences ( 18.9％ and 21.8％,respectively) than the middle-aged (5.6％,both P ＜0.01 ).Significant differences could be found in age [ ( 81.6 ± 6.4 ) years vs ( 78.7 ± 9.7 ) years ],day mean systolic blood pressure [ ( 132.8 ± 13.3) mm Hg vs ( 128.8 ±13.3) mm Hg],fasting blood glucose [ (5.96 ± 1.59) mmol/L vs (5.68 ± 1.22) mmol/L] and 24-hour blood pressure variability between the two groups ( all P ＜ 0.05 ).Significant difference could be observed in the prevalence of MBPS between the diuretics-taking group and non-taking group (27.4％ vs 17.6％,P ＜0.05 ).ConclusionsThe elderly hypertensive patients are prone to appear MBPS phenomenon.Fasting blood glucose level,24-hour blood pressure variability may be associated with MBPS.Diuretic antihypertensive treatment may not be conductive for MBPS control.