Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of cetylpyridinium chloride gargle in the treatment of oral candidiasis.Methods Collected 45 cases of oral candidiasis patients admitted in our hospital from April 2015 to April 2017.Among them, 24 patients were treated with cetylpyridinium chloride gargle and treated as observation group.Rinse treatment in 21 cases, set as the control group.The oral pain score, mucosal atrophy score and mucosal erythema score were compared between the two groups.The HAMA anxiety scale and HAMD depression scale were used to evaluate the psychological stress.The HAMA score, HAMD score, blood glucose and blood glucose were compared between the two groups.Insulin levels were compared between the two groups of patients after oral mucosal examination positive rate and the incidence of adverse reactions.Results After treatment, the oral pain score, mucosal atrophy score and mucosal erythema score were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The HAMA score, HAMD score and blood glucose level were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group, the insulin level was higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The positive rate was 20.83%(5/24)in the observation group and 52.38%(11/21)in the control group.The positive rate of oral mucosal examination in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There were no obvious adverse reactions during the treatment group.In the control group, only one case of oral mucosal congestion was found, but it was tolerable and disappeared after treatment.There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups.Conclusion The use of cetylpyridinium chloride gargle in the treatment of oral candidiasis can relieve oral pain, mucosal atrophy, erythema symptoms and stress state, effective control of oral infection, and no significant adverse reactions、high safety.

Objective: To explore the value of gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine (Gd-EOB-DTPA) enhanced MRI T₁ mapping in diagnosing and distinguishing dysplastic nodule (DN) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with different degrees of differentiation. Methods: A retrospective study in the first affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from September 2015 to December 2017 was conducted. Seventy-one patients with HCC or DN (a total of 79 lesions) that confirmed by biopsy or surgical pathology findings. Seventy-nine lesions were divided into DN (n=10), well differentiated HCC (n=15), moderately differentiated HCC (n=36) and poorly differentiated HCC (n=18) according to histopathology. All the patients underwent plain MRI scan and Gd-EOB-DTPA-MRI T₁ mapping before surgery or needle biopsy. The T₁ values of each lesion and non-tumorous liver parenchyma were measured on 20 min hepatobiliary phase (HBP) T₁ mapping after Gd-EOB-DTPA administration, respectively. The increment rate of T₁ value in lesions relative to non-tumorous liver parenchyma were calculated. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the differences of T₁ value and the increment rate of T₁ value of DN and 3 groups of HCC with different degrees of differentiation. Spearman correlation was used to evaluate the correlation between T₁ mapping parameters and the malignancy degree of DN and HCC. Area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the efficacy of T₁ mapping parameters in the differential diagnosis of DN and HCC with different degree of differentiation. Results: Significant differences were found in T₁ value and increase rate of T₁ value of DN and HCC with different degrees of differentiation (P< 0.05). The T₁ value and increase rate of T₁ value showed an increasing trend from DN to poorly differentiated HCC after enhancement. The T₁ value and increase rate of T₁ value were positively correlated with the malignancy of DN and HCC (r=0.418 and 0.634, P<0.01). There were significant differences in the increase rate of T₁ value between well-differentiated HCC and moderately-differentiated, well-differentiated HCC and poorly-differentiated HCC, respectively (P<0.05). The area under ROC curve of T₁ value and the increase rate of T₁ value for differentiating DN from well-differentiated, moderately differentiated and poorly differentiated HCC was 0.933, 0.928, 0.939 and 0.867, 0.961, 0.961, respectively. The area under ROC curve of the increase rate of T₁ value for differentiating well-differentiated HCC from moderately-differentiated, well-differentiated HCC from poorly-differentiated HCC was 0.770 and 0.844, respectively. Conclusions Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI combined with T₁ mapping can provide valuable diagnostic information for identifying DN and HCC with different degrees of differentiation.

Objective:To explore the associations between perceived built environment attributes and adults’ leisure-time physical activity in four cities of China.Methods:Multistage cluster random sampling method was used to select adults aged 25 to 64 in Hangzhou, Suzhou, Chengdu, and Qingdao. Data were collected from June 2017 to July 2018. The perception of the urban built environment was assessed by the neighborhood environment walkability scale-abbreviated (NEWS-A), and the physical activity was assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Generalized linear mixed models were used to explore the relationship between the perceived built environment and leisure-time physical activities.Results:A total of 3 789 participants were included in the analysis. After adjusting for potential confounders, better access to public services ( OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.02-1.75) and higher aesthetic quality ( OR=1.37, 95% CI: 1.09-1.73) were positively associated with the possibility of engaging in leisure-time physical activity in the past week. Similarly, these two attributes were positively associated with leisure-time walking. Higher scores on the perception of street connectivity were positively associated with leisure-time walking [ exp( β)=1.09, 95% CI: 1.00-1.19]. Higher residential density [ exp( β)=1.000 4, 95% CI:1.000 0-1.000 8], better access to physical activity destinations[ exp( β)=1.09, 95% CI: 1.00-1.19], and better aesthetics [ exp( β)=1.11, 95% CI:1.00-1.22] were associated with higher leisure-time physical activity. Similarly, these three attributes were positively associated with the possibility of meeting the WHO recommendations. Conclusion:Changing some urban built environment attributes may increase leisure-time physical activity.