Objective To explore the causes and possible treatment for subacute coronary stent thrombosis (SST) after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in the races of Han, Uygur and Kazak in Xin Jiang Province. Methods The variables of hemodynamic, blood coagulation, lesions characteristics, the course of operation and relative treatment of 21 cases of different races (Han. Uygur and Kazak) were reviewed and underwent logistic regression analysis. Results The incidence of SST were higher in the Uygur and the Kazak people than that in the Han group after PCI (1.4% vs 0.47%; 5.4% vs 0.47%, P

Objective To investigate the relation between homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) and the results of coronary angiography in coronary artery disease(CAD) patients complicated with hypertension.Methods One hundred and two CAD patients complicated with hypertension were enrolled into the investigation group and another 80 CAD patients without hypertension were considered as the control group.The HOMA-IR and the results of coronary angiography were compared between the 2 groups and their correlation was further analyzed.Results The HOMA-IR of the investigation group was higher than that of the control group(8.10?1.25 vs 4.70?2.13,P

Objective:To observe the acute toxic side effects of liposome PP 1 topically applied in eyes .Methods:PP1 liposomes (10, 60, 400 μmol· L-1 ) were used in one eye of SD rats , 4 times daily.The changes of conjunctiva , cornea and iris were observed under the slit-lamp biomicroscope , for three consecutive days , and evaluated by the stimulus score sheet of anterior segment .One week after the treatment , the corneas , irises and lenses were isolated , and their changes were observed under the light microscope .The ul-trastructural changes of corneal epithelial cells and endothelial cells were observed under the electron microscope .Results:There was a little of conjunctival secretion in one rat in the first day after the treatment with 400 μmol· L-1 PP1 liposomes, and the other rats were not irritant reaction .The corneal fluorescein staining of all rats were negative .The structures of cornea , iris, lens tissue were normal after given different concentrations of PP1 liposomes.Conclusion:PP1 liposomes at Low, medium and high concentrations show no a-cute eye toxicity in SD rats .

Objective The aim of this study was to establish a reasonable protocol for a rat model of ferric chloride-induced carotid arterial thrombosis by ultrasonic continuous evaluation.Methods Twenty SD rats were randomly divided into four groups and then treated with 20％,30％,40％ or 50％ concentrations of FeCl3,respectively.The vascular conditions were evaluated by 14L ultrasonic probe,at 10 mins,15 mins,and 20 mins.We then selected the best group through the examination of the rate of spontaneous reperfusion of blood vessels and the rate of reperfusion after intravenous injection of urokinase.At the end of the experiment,vessels were fixed in 10％ formalin solution and stained with HE.Results After external application of FeCl3 on rat common carotid artery for 20 mins,the artery occlusion rate was 100％,20％,0％ and 0％ in animals receiving 50％,40％,30％ and 20％ FeCl3,respectively.After external application of FeCl3 on rat common carotid artery for 120 mins,the spontaneous revascularization rate was 0％ in 50％ concentration group whereas were 100％ in rest other groups (P＜ 0.001).In 50％ concentration group,the partial recanalization rate was 40％ after intravenous injection of urokinase.HE staining revealed that the thrombus was dense and the lumen was partially recanalized after the urokinase intervention in 50％ concentration group.Conclusion By use of uultrasonic continuous evaluation of ferric chloride-induced thrombosis of rat common carotid artery,we have demonstrated that external application of 50％ ferric chloride solution for 20 mins is effective for the formation of thrombus model,which may be suitable for the studv of thrombolysis.

BACKGROUND:Arterial stiffness is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease.Augmentation index(Alx)is an important marker which reflects the systemic arterial stiffness.OBJECTIVE:To investigate Alx and the affecting factors in Xinjiang Uygur health adults.METHODS:A total of 559 healthy adults(251 males and 308 females)with a mean age of(44.95±11.87)years were selected from Hetian,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.The following indexes of all subjects were measured,including questionnaire,physical examination,blood biochemistry and C-reactive protein(CRP).Central systolic blood pressure(cSBP)and central Alx were measured by Sphygmocor.Pearson correlation and partial correlation analysis were used for two-group analysis of correlation,and multiple regression analysis was used to analyze influential factors for Alx.RESULTS AND CONCULUSION:Alx was greater in female than in male and was positively related to age in both sexes(male:r=0.548,female:r =0.405,P < 0.05),as well as adjusted other influential factors(male:r=0.182,female:r =0.234,P < 0.05).Multiple regression analysis showed that cSBP,systolic blood pressure(SBP),sex,age and CRP were main factors which affected Alx in Uygur healthy adults,cSBP,SBP,age,body mass and CRP were main factors which affected Alx in the male,while cSBP,SBP,age,height and CRP were main factors which affected Alx in the female.Results revealed that Alx was greater in female than in male which was positively related to age in both sexes.Age,cSBP,SBP and CRP were main factors that affected Alx in Xinjiang Uygur healthy adults.

Objective To assess the reproducibility of long-term blood pressure variability in ischemic stroke and the association between the variability and cerebral microbleeds.Methods Patients with ischemic stroke at the previous 1-6 months were consecutively recruited and followed up 12-18 months.Blood pressure measurements were taken at every interview.Blood pressure variability indicated visit-to visit variability and was quantified by calculating the maximum ( Max),standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV).For these variability might positively correlated with mean of blood pressure,the additional variability measure,SD independent of mean (SDIM),was also calculated.To determine the reproducibility of mean and variability measurements,the intraclass correlation (ICC) was also calculated.MRI was performed at baseline and the end of the study.Cerebral microbleeds were rated using Microbleed Anatomical Rating Scale (MARS).Multiple Logistic regression was used to assess the association between the visit-to-visit blood pressure variability and cerebral microbleeds.Results A total of 720 patients were recruited,of whom 595 (82.6％) subjects were present for 14 blood pressure readings during follow-up.The visit-to-visit blood variability measurements were moderately reproducible according to the ICC:0.46-0.72 for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 0.42-0.69 for diastolic blood pressure ( DBP),respectively,P ＜0.01 for all measures.Patients with cerebral microbleeds were more likely to have higher mean blood pressure and variability for both SBP and DBP regardless the distribution of cerebral microbleeds.Being SBP Max,SBP SD,SBP CV,SBP SDIM(OR=1.036,95％ CI l.021-1.052,P=0.000; OR=1.060,95％CI 1.001-1.122,P =0.046; OR =1.084,95％ CI 1.000-1.175,P =0.049; OR =1.065,95％ CI 1.002-1.132,P =0.044) and DBP SD,DBP CV ( OR =1.111,95％ CI 1.000-1.233,P =0.049;OR =1.091,95％ CI 1.001-1.190,P =0.047) were the independently risk factors of cercbral microbleeds at deep region; SBP Max( OR =1.049,95％ CI 1.029-1.068,P =0.000) and DBP SD、DBP CV(OR =1.236,95％ CI 1.107-1.379,P=0.000;OR =1.188,95％ CI 1.087-1.298,P=0.000)independently associated with cerebral microbleeds at infratentorial location.There was no significant relation between the long-term variability of blood pressure and cerebral microbleeds at lobar region. Conclusions This study indicates that long-term blood pressure variability is substantial and independently associated with cerebral microbleeds in deep or infratentorial but not with that in lobar region.The different relations between the variability and cerebral microbleeds might indicate the heterogenic mechanisms of cerebral microbleeds.

Objective To study the association between body mass index (BMI) and outcome in lacunar infarction (LA) patients.Methods A total of 3410 LA patients were divided into BMI＜18.5 kg/m2 group(n=182),BMI=18.5-23.9 kg/m2 group (n=1639),BMI=24.0-27.9 kg/m2 group (n=1212) and BMI≥28.0 kg/m2 group (n=377) according to the TOAST typing in China Quality Evaluation of Stroke Care and Treatment Database.The end events included allcause mortality,death or severe disability,infection complications,and recurrent ischemic stroke at 12 months after onset of LA.Results The total all-cause mortality was significantly higher in BMI＜18.5 kg/m2 group than in BMI=18.5-23.9 kg/m2 group (19.1％ vs 6.7％,P＜0.01).No significant difference was found in total all-cause mortality between BMI =24.0-27.9 kg/m2 group and BMI≥28.0 kg/m2 group (6.0％ and 3.8％ vs 6.7％,P＞0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of all-cause mortality,death or severe disability,infection complications,and recurrent ischemic stroke was higher in BMI＜18.5 kg/m2 group than in BMI=18.5 -23.9 kg/m2 group (HR=1.91,95％CI:1.22-2.98,OR=1.50,95％CI:1.05-2.14,OR=1.92,95 ％ CI:1.21-3.06,P＜0.05,P＜0.01).No significant difference was found in risk of recurrent ischemic stroke and end events between BMI＜18.5 kg/m2 group and BMI=18.5-23.9kg/m2 group.Conclusion The risk of poor outcome is higher while that of recurrent ischemic stroke remains unchanged in LA patients with their BMI＜18.5 kg/m2.

BACKGROUND:Abnormal activation of lymphocytes and nuclear factorκB-dependent non-specific inflammation are two major manifestations of joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis. Co-stimulatory signal CD40/CD40L is the dominant co-stimulatory factor in the recognition and activation of T cel s. IκBαeffectively inhibits nuclear factorκB pathway, prevent the inflammation in the central link, and suppress the damage caused by inflammatory factor in the synovial tissue.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the therapeutic effect of double gene co-expressing adenovirus vector on arthritis based on an arthritis model rat transfected by CD40LIg-IRES2-IκBαco-expressing adenovirus vector.
METHODS:The pAdCD40LIg-IRES2-IκBαco-expressing adenovirus vector was established. Arthritic model was established through multi-subcutaneous injections of complete Freund's adjuvant of type col agen II (1 g/L) into Wistar rats. Then 20 arthritic rats were divided into two groups:untreated group and transfection group, receiving an injection of saline and pAdCD40LIg-IRES2-IκBαadenovirus vector to distal joint cavity of limbs, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 14 days post-transfection, compared with the untreated group, the mean arthritis index score, the CD40L expression of lymphocytes in synovial fluid, the nuclear factor-κB p65 expression in synovial tissue, and levels of interleukin-2, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, matrix metal oproteinase-3 and matrix metal oproteinase-9 in synovial fluid of rats in transfection group were significantly lower than those in untreated group. Focal transfection of the CD40LIg-IκBαco-expression adenovirus vector can effectively inhibit arthritic symptoms, and reduce the expressions of inflammatory cytokine in synovial fluid and inflammatory molecule in synovial tissue of arthritic rats, which shows good therapeutic effect.

Objective To study the correlation between renal function and arterial stiffness of Uighur population over 35 years old in Xinjiang area. Methods From October 2007 to March 2010, four-stage stratified random sampling method was applied to collect a total of 4312 Uighur people over 35 years old in Urumqi, Karamay, Fukang, Turpan area, Hotan prefecture, Yili Kazak autonomous prefecture and Altai prefecture. The data of these 4312 general urban and rural Uygur residents were complete. Simplified MDRD formula was used to calculate the estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Arm-ankle pulse wave velocity (b-aPWV) of both sides was measured and the average value was used in correlation analysis with eCFR, and then the associated risk factors were adjusted. Results The eGFR was negatively correlated with b-aPWV (r=-0.174, P<0.01). Multiple linear regression showed that after adjusting some risk factors such as age, sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, hip circumference, uric acid, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, eGFR was still negatively correlated with b-aPWV (P=0.012). Conclusions In Uygur population over 35 years old in Xinjiang, the glomerular filtration rate is negatively correlated with arterial stiffness.

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is an emerging technology applied in the field of cardiovascular medicine, which can obtain hemodynamic data by simulating the blood flow in the patient′s heart for cardiac function assessment and disease diagnosis. Left ventricular function plays a key role in the occurrence and development of cardiomyopathies and coronary disease. CFD can reconstruct the left ventricular anatomic structures of patients to clarify pathophysiologic mechanisms and analyze hemodynamic parameters to evaluate left ventricular function, verify surgical efficacy, and guide surgical strategy, which has a positive effect on achieving early diagnosis and reducing mortality from cardiomyopathies and coronary disease. At present, there are still technical limitations in the large-scale clinical application of CFD, and various solutions are being developed and tested, and further improvement and refinement are needed.