40 human fetuses were used in this study. The range of fetal age varied from 3 months to full terms. All fetuses used were normal and their parents were healthy. The CFU-C from bone marrow, liver, spleen and peripheral blood were studied in vitro with agar culture technique modified by Metcalf.Experiments proved that the CFU-C of bone marrow may be observed in the fetuses in 3rd month, however, it increased rapidly in 4th month and maintained higher level until the end of fetal life. The progenitor cell population was detected at very high level in liver from 4th month to 6th month fetuses. The number of CFU-C of fetal liver were low in 7—10th month. The circulating progenitor cells in peripheral blood of 4, 5 and 6-month fetuses Were on high level but it was lower than that of liver and bone marrow.

Objective: Retro-laparoscopic partial nephrectomy is a challenge for ventro-renal tumors, especially hilar tumors.The tumors are partial or entirely out of operative field and there is blind space for operation.To solve this problem, a set of techniques including renal pedicle rotation is developed.Methods: A set of techniques including renal pedicle rotation, double-layer suture, early artery unclamping for retro-laparoscopic nephrectomy for ventro-renal tumors, especially hilar tumors were developed.Hilar tumors were located anteriorly to the angle of the renal and renal arteries and in contact with the anterior surface of the renal artery.The evaluation of the outcomes included the operation time, warm ischemia time, estimated haemorrhage, surgical margin, renal function after operation, and complications.This study reviewed the data of 28 patients with ventro-renal tumor, including 15 patients with complex hilar tumors.Results: The average tumor size was (3.8±0.5) cm.The average R.E.N.A.L score was 8 (ranging from 7 to 9).The average warm ischemia time was (23.8±4.7) min, and suture time was (26.2±6.5) min, and operation time was (124.1±12.1) min.The median hospital stay was 4 days and the average estimated haemorrhage was (139.1±54.0) mL.All the surgeries were operated under laparoscope and no surgery switched to open surgery.Seven patients developed Clavien Dindo Ⅰ-Ⅱ complications after operation.Three patients (10.7%) developed collective system damage and received repair of collective system in time and three patients (10.7%) developed slightly gross hematuria (Clavien-DindoⅠ).Two patients developed wound infection (Clavien-DindⅡ).Three patients (10.7%) got renal vein clamped because of capillary hemorrhage from basilar part of tumors.There were 14 patients received early unclamping of renal artery, and no obvious renal vessel damage was found.There were statistically significant differences between the serum creatinine levels (P<0.05) and the estimated glomerular filtration rates (P=0.02) before and after surgery.All the patients'' serum creatinine levels were in normal range and no patient needed regular dialysis.There was no positive surgical margin and the median follow-up was 7 months without local recurrence or distant metastasis.Conclusion: It is safe and effective to apply renal pedicle rotation technique in retro-laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for ventro-renal tumors.The short-term follow-up results are optimistic, but long follow-up is required.

Objec ive: o inves iga e he effec s of differen dose of bisoprolol on neurohormonal ac ivi y,cy okines,cardiac func ion,cardiac dea h in chronic sys olic hear failure pa ien s Me hods: One hundred and wen y chronic hear failure pa ien s were randomly divided in o large dose group (average 8 5? 1 2 mg) and small dose group (average 3 5?1 2 mg) he changes of norepinephrine (NE) ,angio ensionⅡ (AngⅡ) ,aldos erone (Ald) ,endo helin (E ) ,in erleukin 6 BF (IL 6) , umour necrosis fac or ? ( NF ?) Q ,plasm rennin ac ivi y (PRA) ,cardiona rin (ANP) ,brain na riure ic pep ide (BNP) ,cardiac func ion,cardiac dea h were observed Resul s:Af er rea men , he hear ra e were decreased in wo groups, p

Objective:To investigate the effect of long-term alcohol intake on sensory information synaptic transmission of mossy fiber-granular cells in the cerebellar cortex of mice.Methods:Twenty healthy male ICR mice aged 6 to 8 weeks were divided into normal saline group(control group) and alcohol intake group(alcohol group) according to random number table, with 10 mice in each group. The mice in alcohol group were injected intraperitoneally with 20% alcohol and the mice in control group were injected with the same amount of saline for 28 days.After the injection, the scalp, muscle tissue and skull were removed in turn, and the dura mater was removed to fully expose the crus II area of cerebellum. The mice were stimulated by air blowing at 30 mm of the ipsilateral tentacle pad with a gas jet device.When the the maximal response site was determined, the NMDA receptor antagonist (D-APV), metabolic glutamate receptor 1 antagonist (JNJ16259685) and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) were perfused on the brain surface of mice. Each drug was perfused for 20 minutes and ACSF was used between the two drugs until the waveform was recovered. Patch clamp amplifier was used to record the changes of potential waveform in mouse cerebellar granule layer. The data were analyzed by the softwares of Clampfit 10.3 and SPSS 22.0.Results:After exposure to wind stimulation, the latency of field potential response in granular layer of mice in alcohol group (11.8±0.7)ms was significantly longer than that in the control group (10.1±0.2)ms ( t=-8.041, P<0.05), and the amplitude of N1 (1.2±0.1) MV was significantly lower than that in the control group (0.6±0.1) MV ( t=-12.728, P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the rise time of P1 waveform((4.4±0.2)ms, (3.2±0.2)ms), duration ((12.1±0.5)ms, (10.3±0.2)ms), extinction time((7.8±0.2)ms, (6.9± 0.2)ms), volume under waveform ((7.3±0.2)ms, (4.3±0.2)ms) were significantly increased in the alcohol group ( t=16.100, - 11.840, -11.673, -35.576, all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the amplitude, half width, rise time and decay time of Roff wave between the two groups ( t=-1.909, -0.910, -0.789, 1.462, all P>0.05). When JNJ16259685 was perfused on the brain surface of mice in alcohol group, the amplitude of field potential evoked by five blowing stimuli had no significant difference compared with that before administration (all P>0.05). When D-APV was perfused into the brain surface of mice in the alcohol group, the amplitude of P1 ((42.3±1.5) Mv)was significantly lower than that before administration ((101.1±0.9)mV) and after elution ((100.1±2.2) mV) ( t=106.762, - 69.605, both P<0.05), and the area under waveform of P1 ((42.6±1.3)%) was also significantly lower than that before administration ((100.6±1.6)%) and after elution ((97.6±2.2)%) ( t=88.862, -67.791, both P<0.05).The ratio of N2 / N1 (0.3±0.1) was significantly lower than that before administration (0.4±0.1) and after elution (0.3±0.1) ( t=2.242, 2.121, both P<0.05). When NMDA was perfused on the brain surface of mice in the control group, compared with before administration and after elution, the amplitude of P1 ((110.7±3.2) mV, (100.1±0.9) mV, (102.0±1.7) mV, t=-10.173, 7.669, both P<0.05), the area under the waveform of P1 ((127.9±3.5)%, (100.0±3.1)%, (115.0±5.3)%, t=-18.698, 6.447, both P<0.05), the ratio of N2 / N1 ((0.5±0.1), (0.3±0.1), (0.3±0.1), t=-5.669, 5.669, both P<0.05) were all significantly increased. When D-APV was perfused on the brain surface of mice in control group, the field potential evoked by blowing stimuli had no significant difference compared with that before administration and after elution (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Long-term alcohol intake significantly suppresses the synaptic transmission of excitatory glutamate in MF-GC, and enhances the inhibitory response mediated by GABAA receptor in cerebellar cortex. The inhibitory component is enhanced by NMDA receptor, but not by type 1 metabolic glutamate receptor.

Objective:To investigate the expression and clinical significance of 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) in glioma. Methods:12-LOX expression in 40 glioma cases and 10 normal human-brain tissues was assayed by immunohistochemistry. Clinicopathological data were analyzed to reveal the association between 12-LOX expression and prognosis of glioma patients. Results:12-LOX was weak-ly expressed in the normal human brain tissues, whereas 12-LOX was strongly expressed (72.5%) in glioma tissues (P<0.05). The strong 12-LOX expression was correlated with the histopathological grading of glioma (P=0.012), whereas 12-LOX expression was not correlated with factors such as patient gender and age, tumor size, and Karnofsky Performance Score. Median survival time was longer in the group with low 12-LOX expression (25.6 months) than in the group with high 12-LOX expression (13.2 months) (P<0.05). Con-clusion:Abnormal 12-LOX expression is implicated in glioma. 12-LOX expression was correlated with the histopathological grading of glioma and was closely associated with patient prognosis.

Purpose To discuss the clinical pathological features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of pri-mary breast diffuse large B-cell lymphoma ( DLBCL) . Methods 7 cases of primary breast DLBCL were collected, their clinical path-ological characteristics and immunophenotypes were also observed, and the treatment and prognostic factors were discussed. Results All of the 7 patients were women, aged 28~75 years, with the median 51 years. 5 cases involved left breast, 2 cases were located in the right breast. Painless mammary mass and ipsilateral axillary lymphadenopathy were the commonest clinical manifestations. On mi-croscopic observation, tumor cells were large to medium-sized which characterized as diffuse infiltration between the lobules of mamma-ry gland, around the duct, interstitial and fat tissue, some were single file cord pattern. 1 case was ALK-1 positive DLBCL, 6 cases were DLBCL of the non special type. The immunophenotype showed 5 cases were of non-GCB, 2 cases were of GCB type. Ki-67 index were from 60% to 95%. According to Ann Arbor staging, 2 cases were stage I EA, 5 cases were stage II EA. IPI score:4 cases with 0 score, 3 cases with 1 score. Of 7 patients, one case was modified radical mastectomy, 4 cases were lumpectomy, 2 cases were diag-nosed by core needle biopsy. 2 patients died without chemotherapy, 5 patients were chemotherapy or radiotherapy for 4 to 6 cycles ( CHOP/R-CHOP) , 4 patients received complete response, one died. Patients were followed up from 1 to 114 months, the median fol-low-up time was 18 months. The 1 year OS rate was 57. 1%, 5 years OS rate was 14. 3%. Conclusion The diagnosis of primary breast DLBCL is confirmed by pathological biopsy and immunohistochemical markers. The immunophenotype was mainly non-GCB type. Comprehensive treatment including chemotherapy and radiotherapy is appropriate. The prognosis should be comprehensively eval-uated by multiple factors.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of simple peritoneal lavage combined with venous-venous hemofiltration therapy for severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods Needles were inserted into abdominal cavity and tee was connected, then normal saline was administrated and discharged, followed by lidocaine, dexamethasone and antibiotics once daily until bloody peritoneal drainage became clear. At the same time venous-venous hemofiltration was used. Results 61 SAP patients were randomly divided into peritoneal lavage + hemofiltration group (treatment group, n =31) and control group (n = 31). The time to abdominal pain relief, abdominal distention relief, nausea and vomiting disappearance, peritoneal irritation disappearance was (1.5 ±0.3)d,(2.7 ±0.3)d, (1.9 ±0.3)d, (1.5 ±0.2)d, and the time to cure was (11.0 ±2.0)d in the treatment group, which was significantly shorter than that in the control group [(3.9 ± 0. 3) d, (4.5 ±0.6)d, (3.7 ±0.2)d, (5.3 ±0.4)d, (18.0 ±2.5)d, P＜0.05]. At the 1st day of treatment, serum ALT,AST was significantly lower than that in the control group; at the 3rd day of treatment, the serum and urine amylase and serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 level were significantly lower, but the serum level of IL-10,HCO3-was significantly higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0. 01); at the 5th day of treatment, the serum Bun and Cr level were significantly lower than those in the control group (P ＜ 0. 05).Conclusions Simple peritoneal lavage combined with venous-venous hemofiltration therapy can effectively eliminate the inflammatory factors, which is more rational and effective for the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis.

Objective To evaluate the left ventricular(LV)global and segmental myocardial systolic function in patients with permanent DDD pacemaker implantation by speckle tracking imaging.Methods Myocardial imaging of LV apical long views and parasternal LV short axis views were performed in 9 patients with right ventricular(RV)septum pacing(RV septum group),15 patients with RV apex pacing(RV apex group)and 13 healthy subjects(control group).Peak systolic longitudinal strain(S_L),peak systolic radial strain(S_R)were measured,and the average of S_L and S_R among LV 18 segments were calculated respectively as corresponding GS_L and GS_R.Results The GS_L[-(18.29±2.67)%]of RV apex group showed significant decrease compared with RV septum group[-(20.54±2.29)%]and control group[-(21.07±2.08)%](P＜0.05),while no significant difference was found between RV septum and control group.The GS_R of the pacing groups were both lower than control group[(36.26±9.37)%in control group,(28.59±6.06)%in RV septum group,(26.85±7.73)%in RV apex group,P＜0.05],but RV apex group showed more decrease trend.The S_L and S_R of the LV myocardial segments close to the pacing sites in both pacing groups showed significant decrease compared with control group,but RV septum group preserved similar LV strain distribution with control group while RV apex group showed abnormal LV strain pattern.Conclusions Speckle tracking imaging is a useful modality to evaluate global and segmental myocardial systolic function of LV with pacing at different right ventricular sites.

Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision

Liquid biopsy is a diagnostic approach by analyzing body fluid samples. Peripheral blood is the most common sample. Urine, saliva, pleural effusion and ascites are also used. Now liquid biopsy is mainly used in the area of neoplasm diagnosis and treatment. Compared with traditional tissue biopsy, liquid biopsy is minimally invasive, convenient to sample and easy to repeat. Liquid biopsy mainly includes circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection. Detection of ctDNA requires sensitive and accurate methods. The progression of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and digital PCR promote the process of studies in ctDNA. In 2016, Nature published the result of whole-genome sequencing study of breast cancer. The study found 1 628 mutations of 93 protein-coding genes which may be driver mutations of breast cancer. The result of this study provided a new platform for breast cancer ctDNA studies. In recent years, there were many studies using ctDNA detection to monitor therapeutic effect and guide treatment. NGS is a promising technique in accessing genetic information and guiding targeted therapy. It must be emphasized that ctDNA detection using NGS is still at research stage. It is important to standardize ctDNA detection technique and perform prospective clinical researches. The time is not ripe for using ctDNA detection to guide large-scale breast cancer clinical practice at present.