Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanisms of lateral ventricular injection of interferon-alpha (IFN-α) on electrophysiological activity in central nervous system.Methods:Twenty male Kunming mice were selected and subjected to auditory cortical electrode implantation and lateral ventricle intubation under general anesthesia. After one week of recovery, all mice were randomly divided into IFN-α group ( n=10) and normal saline group ( n=10). IFN-α and saline were administered by lateral ventricle injection for 7 consecutive days, and the auditory steady-state response(ASSR) in auditory cortex were recorded. Then the brain tissue was perfused, and the changes of microglia and astrocytes in the hippocampus were observed by immunohistochemical staining. Results:There was no significant difference in the average intensity of ASSR between the saline group and the IFN-α group((3.22±0.87)dB vs (3.49±0.56)dB; t=0.84, P=0.41) before administration.After administration, the average intensity of ASSR in IFN-α group was significantly lower than that before administration ((3.22±0.87)dB vs (1.59±0.44)dB, t=5.27, P<0.01), while the ASSR in saline group did not change before and after administration((3.49±0.56)dB, (3.46±0.61)dB; t=0.12, P=0.90). Immunohistochemistry revealed that the number of astrocytes and microglia in hippocampal CA1, CA3, and DG regions in the IFN-α group was higher than that of the saline group. Obvious morphological changes were also observed in the astrocytes and microglia. Conclusion:IFN-α can induce the activation of glial cells in the hippocampus and lead to the abnormal electrophysiological activity in the cortex. ASSR can reflect IFN-α induced brain dysfunction, which may be a potential indicator for early diagnosis.

Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Live Birth ; Calcium ; Oocytes ; Pregnancy, Multiple ; Pregnancy Rate ; Retrospective Studies ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Oocyte Retrieval

As a newly epidemic, 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) with a concentrated outbreak poses a great challenge to medical treatment. The severe and critical patients are complex complicatied with the psychological problems, and the medical staff are overworked and under tremendous psychological pressure. The surgeon participated in emergency medical rescue could provide professional treatment for the patients combined with surgical diseases, as well as specialized training for the non-surgeon crew, to reduce surgical-related mortality. With the advantages of good team consciousness, strong aseptic concept and good psychological quality, the surgeons can quickly adapt to and carry out rescue work under the premise of good self-protection. Surgeons need to develop critical care management concepts and focus on the critical care support equipment. Some suggestions are put forward for the standardized training of resident surgeons to cultivate compound talents. It is hoped that this article can lead to the thinking of how to participate in the emergency medical rescue of infectious diseases among surgeons and provide some enlightenment for future surgical education.

As a newly epidemic, 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) with a concentrated outbreak poses a great challenge to medical treatment. The severe and critical patients are complex complicatied with the psychological problems, and the medical staff are overworked and under tremendous psychological pressure. The surgeon participated in emergency medical rescue could provide professional treatment for the patients combined with surgical diseases, as well as specialized training for the non-surgeon crew, to reduce surgical-related mortality. With the advantages of good team consciousness, strong aseptic concept and good psychological quality, the surgeons can quickly adapt to and carry out rescue work under the premise of good self-protection. Surgeons need to develop critical care management concepts and focus on the critical care support equipment. Some suggestions are put forward for the standardized training of resident surgeons to cultivate compound talents. It is hoped that this article can lead to the thinking of how to participate in the emergency medical rescue of infectious diseases among surgeons and provide some enlightenment for future surgical education.

Humans ; Vitrification ; Consensus ; Oocytes ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Cryopreservation

OBJECTIVE To optimize the management model of drugs used in investigator-initiated trial （IIT）. METHODS With benchmarking analysis， based on the practical work experience of a tertiary specialized hospital in the field of IIT drug management in Shanghai， a thorough review was conducted， involving relevant laws， regulations， and academic literature to establish benchmark criteria and the evaluation standards. Starting from the initiation of IIT projects， a detailed comparative analysis of key processes was carried out， such as the receipt， storage， distribution， use and recycling of drugs for trial. The deficiencies in the current management of IIT drugs were reviewed in detail and a series of optimization suggestions were put forward. RESULTS It was found that the authorized records of drug management were missing， the training before project implementation was insufficient， and the records of receipt and acceptance of IIT drugs were incomplete. In light of these existing problems， improvement measures were put forward， including strengthening the training of drug administrators and stipulating that only drug administrators with pharmacist qualifications be eligible to inspect and accept drugs， etc. The related systems were improved， and 17 key points of quality control for the management of IIT drugs were developed. CONCLUSIONS A preliminary IIT drug management system for medical institutions has been established， which helps to improve the institutional X2023076） framework of medical institutions in this field.