1.15). Rosiglitazone at the concentration of 1.25 ?mol?L -1 augme nted the induction apoptosis of A549 cells by treatment with Cisplatin at variou s concentrations of 1.98 mg?L -1, 2.8 mg?L -1 and 4.0 mg?L -1 . A549 cells treated with Rosiglitazone at concentration of 1.25 ?mol?L -1 domostrated nuclear traslocations of PPAR? protein and down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein. Conclusion The ligand of PPAR? Rosiglitazone enhanc ed the inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis by treatment with Cisplatin in A549 cells cultured in vitro. Activation of PPAR? protein and the down-regulation of Bcl-2 possiblely play an improtant role in chemosenstiz eic mechanism of Rosiglitazone in vitro.

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane required to inhibit the body movement during skin incision. Methods Forty-eight ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 40-60 yr with body mass index of 22-27 kg/m2 undergoing elective upper abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (group C, n = 15);low dose dexmedetomidine group (group D1, n = 17) and high dose dexmedetomidine group (group D2, n = 16). The patients were unpremedicated. Dexmedetomidine 0.4 and 0.8 μg/kg in normal saline (NS) 15 ml was infused over 15 min before induction of anesthesia in D1 and D2 groups respectively. Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl-propofol-succinylcholine. The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane. MAC of isoflurane was determined by up-and-down technique. The initial end-tidal isofiurane concentration was set at 1.0%, 0.8% and 0.6% in C, D1 and D2 groups respectively. Each time the end-tidal isoflurane concentration was increased/decreased by 0.2%. Skin incision was made after 15 min of equilibration, when the twitch height returned to more than 90% of its control value. Movement of body and limbs including swallowing and coughing were carefully looked for when skin incision was made. MAC of isoflurane was the mean of end-tidal concentration of isoflurane of each crossover pair, and 95 % CI was calculated. Results MAC of isoflurane was significantly decreased in D1 and D2 groups as compared with group C and in group D2 as compared with group D1( P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can significantly decrease MAC of isoflurane required to inhibit the body movement during skin incision in a dose-dependent manner.

AIM: To investigate the effect of neferine (Nef) on human gastric carcinoma cell line with multidrug resistance (MDR). METHODS: The cytotoxic effect of vincristine (VCR) was evaluated by MTT assay. The cell apoptosis induced by VCR was determined by flow cytometry, and the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug-resistance-associated protein (MRP) in cells was examined by immunofluorescence flow cytometry. RESULTS: MTT assay showed that Nef at the concentration of 5 ?mol?L~(-1) to 10 ?mol?L~(-1) have no cytotoxicity to parent human gastric carcinoma cell line (SGC7901) and its VCR-resistant variant cell line (SGC7901/VCR). The IC_(50) value of VCR to SGC7901 cell line was 0.06 mg?L~(-1)and that of to SGC7901/VCR cell line was 2.32 mg?L~(-1), which indicated SGC7901/VCR cell line were 39 times more resistant to VCR in comparison with the parent SGC7901 cell line. After treatment with Nef at the concentrations of 2.5, 5 and 10 ?mol?L~(-1), the IC_(50) value of VCR to SGC7901/VCR cell line decreased to 0.34, 0.12 and 0.05 mg?L~(-1), respectively and those increased by 6.8-, 18.1- and 43.8- fold in the chemosensitivity, respectively. Flow cytometry showed that SGC7901/VCR cells were resistant to apoptosis induced by VCR. After 24 h treatment with Nef (2.5, 5 and 10 ?mol?L~(-1)) and VCR, the apoptosis of SGC7901/VCR cells increased, which indicated Nef could abolish resistance of SGC7901/VCR cells to VCR-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, the action of Nef was more potent than verapamil. The expression of P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance associated protein was strongly positive in SGC7901/VCR cells, and the expression level of P-gp and MRP in SGC701/VCR cells was significantly down-regulated at 24 h after treatment with Nef (10 ?mol?L~(-1)). CONCLUSIONS: Nef can reverse MDR in multidrug-resistant human gastric carcinoma SGC7901/VCR cell line. Its mechanism might be associated with down-regulation of expression of P-gp and MRP in SGC7901/VCR cells.

This study was aimed to determine effect of Bu-Shen Kang-Shuai (BSKS) Tablet on HO-1 mRNA and its associated oxidative stress levels among atherosclerotic rabbits. A total of 56 rabbits were randomly divided into the normal group (8 rabbits) and the experimental group (48 rabbits). Normal diet was given to the normal group. Atherosclerotic rabbits models were established in the experimental group. At the eighth week, rabblits in the experi-mental group were randomly divided into the model group, BSKS Tablet group and simvastatin group. Blood samples were collected before medication, 8-, 12-, 16-week after medication from rabbits of each group. Rabbits were sacri-ficed under aseptic conditions at the last blood collection. Expressions of aortic HO-1 mRNA and PPARα mRNA were measured by Q-PCR method. The level of MMP-9 was measured by immunohistochemical assay. Serum HbCO, COX-2 activity and cGMP level were measured by ELISA assay. The results showed that after the intervention of BSKS Tablet, serum HbCO level decreasd, cGMP was obviously increased. However, there was no obvious change on the COX-2 activity. The immunohistochemical assay showed that BSKS Tablet obviously reduced MMP-9 level of rabbits. There was only small amount of aortic HO-1 mRNA expression in the normal group. However, the expres-sion of aortic HO-1 mRNA in the atherosclerosis group was increased. After intervention of BSKS Tablet, the ex-pression of HO-1 mRNA was increased with statistical significance (P < 0.05). Simvastatin had similar antioxidant effect. It was concluded that the compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) BSKS Tablets had an important antioxidant effect in treatment of atherosclerosis. Its protective mechanism may be through the regulation of HO-1 mRNA gene expression and effects of HO-1/CO-cGMP pathway activities of related enzymes while peroxida-tion stability of atherosclerotic plaque.

Objective To observe the syndrome manifestations of rabbit atherosclerosis models and explore the syndrome attribution rules of the models.Methods The 24 male Japanese rabbits were randomized into a control group(n=8)and a experimental group(n=16).The control group was given normal feed,and the experimental group was treated with high-fat diet and immune injury and surgical injury through the femoral artery balloon.They were fed totally for 10 weeks.Vascular morphological changes and blood lipid determine were used to evaluate the models.The ear,tongue,eye,and the overall state of rabbits were regularly observed to see the changes of TCM syndromes.Results The rabbits of the experimental group gradually reduced the amount of activity in early stage.When the climate changed,their nasal secretion was increased,and they had wheezing breathing,fever and other common cold symptoms like red auricle.In the medium stage,the fatty plaque or belt around the eyes,cold auricle,and listlessness could be seen,and the blood fat was significantly higher than that of the control group.To the tenth week,the dark tongue with blood spots and purple cold auricle appeared in the rabbits of the experimental group.It was difficult to draw blood from the ear,and the emboli could be seen in the vessels of auricles.Compared with the control group,the oxidized low density lipoprotein and malondialdehyde of the experimental group were significantly increased,and the activity of superoxide dismutase decreased.Conclusion The syndromes of rabbit atherosclerosis models are in the changing state,in early stage they can be manifested as Qi deficiency,in middle stage the manifestation can be Qi deficiency with phlegm retention,and in late stage there will be Qi deficiency with blood stasis.The rule is similar to that of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in clinic.

Objective:To observe whether the Simiao Yongan Decoction regulate the nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B) expression and related factors in atherosclerosis(AS)rabbit model,thus restrain the occurrence of atherosclerosis and plaque formation.Methods:56 male Japanese rabbits were randomly divided into normal group,model group,Simvastatin group and Simiao Yongan Decoction group,in addition to the normal group,other groups were established aortic atherosclerotic plaque model.From the1st day of experiment,the corresponding drug intervention began,10 weeks later,the rabbits were killed over the weekend after the anesthesia line access aortic NF-?B immunohistochemical staining,and the experimental dynamic 0,3,6,10 weeks in serum TNF-?,IL-1 and MCP-1 content.Results:The expression of NF-?B p65 subunit in model group was rich,and compared with it,the expression of NF-?B p65 subunit in treatment groups decreased,and the Simiao Yongan Decoction can obviously inhibit the expression of NF-?B p65 subunit.In model group,the expressions of IL-1,TNF-?and MCP-1 in serum increased significantly at different time points(P

Objective To explore the functional improvement of dancers' sensorimotor system after years of dance training.Methods Twenty-three dancers(the dance group) of more than 6 years of dancing experience and twenty-one college students (the control group) without any dance experience were recruited in this study.Then the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging(RS-fMRI) was conducted for both groups and the data were collected.Regional homogeneity (ReHo),fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and functional connectivity (FC) were compared between the two groups.Results Compared to the control group,significant increase was observed in the ReHo of the bilateral postcentral gyruses,the left superior temporal gyrus,the right precentral gyrus and the middle occipital gyrus and fALFF in the bilateral precentral gyruses of the dance group.Moreover,the connection between the right precentral gyrus and left precentral gyrus and the FC between the right precentral gyrus and bilateral postcentral gyrus enhanced significantly in the dance group compared to the control group.Conclusions The functional modulation of dancers' sensorimotor system may be associated with the long-term dancing experience,which may lead to the changes in action perception,memory processing,motor learning and movement control to enhance the formation of the mode to observe,implement and adjust complex actions.Our study has provided a supporting evidence for dancing-induced brain plasticity.

OBJECTIVETo assess the effect of platelet rich plasma (PRP) on proliferation and differentiation of human MG63 osteoblast-like cells and the biological function of PRP in vitro.

METHODSPRP was obtained from venous blood of a health volunteer by two step centrifugation. CaCl2 and thrombin were used to activate PRP. The differentiation of MG63 cells, which were exposed to various concentrations of PRP (0, 1%, 2%, 3%) was detected by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Propidium iodide (PI) fluorescent coloration staining was used to observe the morphology of cells. Immunocytochemistry was used to evaluate the expression level of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in MG63 cells in different concentration of PRP. The cells adhered to calcium phosphate material was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The proliferation was evaluated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) proliferation assay. The cell cycle assay was performed by low cytometry (FCM) to detect the effect of PRP on MG63 cells in different time points. The mRNA level of Col-I in MG63 cells cultured under different concentration PRP was checked by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSALP activity experiment demonstrated that the maximum effect was got in 3% PRP group. PRP had a positive effect on the proliferation of MG63 cells but cells also presented disengage phenomena from the glass slides. The PI staining showed that PRP improved fluorescent intensity of cell nucleus. Immunocytochemistry showed that TGF-beta expression level was significantly enhanced on 3% PRP group (P<0.05). SEM showed that cells grew well on material in PRP group. The results of CCK-8 showed that the mean absorbency number A(450 nm) of 4.8% PRP was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05). FCM showed that S period cells percentage of PRP group was higher than that of control group in the 2nd day (P<0.05); G0/G1 period cells percentage of PRP group was significant increased than that of control group in the 10th day (P<0.05); G2/M period cells percentage of PRP group was higher than that of control group except the 6th day. PRP promoted the expression of Col- I in MG63 cells by RT-PCR.

CONCLUSIONThese data suggest that PRP has a positive influence on MG63 proliferation, transference and the expression of relative protein and gene in an appropriated concentration. The findings of this study also demonstrated that PRP may play a beneficial role of unifying and modulating the biological behavior of MG63 cells.

Objective:To compare the baseline difference in the quantitative hepatitis B core antibody levels (qAnti-HBc) between non-response and response group in children with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who received antiviral therapy, and further explore the proportion and functional activity of CD8 + memory T lymphocyte subsets with different qAnti-HBC levels in peripheral blood of children.Methods:The baseline anti-HBc quantification (qAnti-HBc) levels of 85 children with HBeAg-positive CHB who visited the Department of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 2018 to December 2020 were detected retrospectively. The relationship between the baseline qAnti-HBc level and HBeAg serological response in 37 children who received antiviral therapy was analyzed. The proportion of CD8 + memory T lymphocyte subsets and the secretion levels of interferon (IFN) γ, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α in peripheral blood of 59 children at baseline were detected by flow cytometry. The relationship between qAnti-HBc level and the proportion and functional activity of CD8 + memory T lymphocyte subsets was analyzed. Pearson’s Chi-square test was used to compare the count data. Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare measurement data between two or more groups, and Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was used for the correlation between continuous variables. Results:Among 37 children who received entecavir (ETV, 21/37 cases) or pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN, 16/37 cases), 18 cases had developed HBeAg seroconversion (10/ 21 cases in the ETV group, 8/16 cases in the Peg-IFN group). The baseline qAnti-HBc level was significantly higher in the response group [4.71 (4.64~4.81) log 10IU/ml] than the non-response group children [4.54 (4.45~4.64) log 10IU/ml, Z = -3.316, P = 0.001]. The proportion of CD8 + Tem, CD38 +CD8 + Tem, CD38 +CD8 + Temra cells and the levels of IFNγ and TNFα secreted by CD8 + T lymphocytes were significantly higher in the high-qAnti-HBc group than the low-qAnti-HBc group ( P < 0.05). The proportion of CD8 + Tem, CD38 +CD8 + Tem and CD38 +CD8 + Temra cells was significantly higher in ALT > 1× upper limit of normal value (ULN) group than ALT≤1×ULN group ( P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the levels of IFNγ and TNFα secreted by CD8 + T lymphocytes between the two groups ( P > 0.05). Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that qAnti-HBc was positively correlated with the proportion of CD8 + Tem, CD38 +CD8 + Tem, CD38 +CD8 + Temra cells and the level of IFNγ secreted by CD8 +T lymphocytes ( P < 0.05). Additionally, ALT was only positively correlated with the proportion of CD38 +CD8 + TEM and CD38 + CD8 + Temra cells ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:Raised baseline qAnti-HBc level is related to the HBeAg serological response to antiviral therapy in children with CHB. Peripheral blood effector CD8+ T lymphocytes of CHB children with higher qAnti-HBc show stronger phenotype and functional activation characteristics, which may shed some light on the underlying immune mechanism related to antiviral therapy efficacy in children with CHB.

Objective:To compare the efficacy, safety, and influencing factors among children with hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who received short-term therapy with pegylated interferon alfa-2a (Peg-IFNα-2a) or continuous therapy with entecavir (ETV).Methods:Quantitative data were compared using analysis of variance to compare the differences between groups. Enumeration data were compared by χ2 test (or Fisher's exact test). Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze the influencing factors. Results:Peg-IFNα-2a, ETV, and untreated group had HBsAg clearance rates of 46.2%, 5.3%, and 0 after 52 weeks of therapy, respectively. HBsAg clearance in the patients' group with Peg-IFNα-2a and ETV was all accompanied by anti-HBS positive conversion, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=13.616, P=0.001). Peg-IFNα-2a group was followed-up for 104 weeks. Peg-IFNα-2a, ETV, and the untreated group had HBsAg clearance rates of 46.2%, 10.5%, and 0%, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=11.056, P=0.004). Only one of the two children with HBsAg clearance in the ETV group had achieved anti-HBs antibodies, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=13.616, P=0.001). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that HBsAg clearance was associated with age and antiviral therapy. During treatment, adverse events such as fever ( n=4, 30.8%), rash ( n=4, 30.8%), fatigue ( n=1, 7.7%), leukopenia ( n=7, 53.8%), arthritis ( n=1, 7.7%), and alopecia ( n=3, 23.1%) were observed in the Peg-IFNα-2a group, while none were observed in the ETV group. Conclusion:Peg-IFNα-2a antiviral therapy produced higher HBsAg clearance than ETV in five-year-old and younger children with HBeAg-positive CHB, while ETV had fewer adverse events and was safer than Peg-IFNα-2a.