Objective To establish a method of GC for determination of Waishang Ruyi Ointments.Methods WAX PEG-20M capillary column was used.The column temperature was 140 ℃,the injection port temperature was 230 ℃,the detector temperature was 250 ℃,the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min.Results For Waishang Ruyi Ointments,the linear range was 0.513 8～5.138 mg,and the average recovery rate was 96.2% with RSD=1.0%.Conclusion The method is simple,easy-to-use,and can effectively control the quality of the ointments.

Objective To establish a method for the fake indentification of Fengliaoxing Fengshi Dieda medicinal wines by TLC and GC. Methods The column was Supelco SE-30 (30 m?0.25 mm?0.25 ?m). The flow rate was 1.4 mL/min, and gas was N2. The inlets temperature was 210 ℃;the detectors temperature was 300 ℃;the column temperature use program rising temperature. Results TLC can identify whether ephedra and erycibe were contained in the medicinal wines. GC can identify whether diclofenac sodium was contained in the medicinal wines. Conclusion The method is accurate and reproducible, and can be used for the identification of Fengliaoxing Fengshi Dieda medicinal wines.

Hepatocellular carcinoma has a low early diagnostic rate, and there is a lack of highly sensitive and specific tumor markers. In recent years, fluid biopsy technique, represented by circulating free DNA (cfDNA), has become an auxiliary method for the diagnosis of cancer and has attracted more and more attention due to its advantages of noninvasiveness, convenience, and repeatability. With reference to the recent studies in China and foreign countries, this article summarizes and analyzes the advances in cfDNA in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma from the aspects of biological characteristics, detection techniques, and clinical application, so as to provide a basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of endoscopy and surgery in chronic pancreatitis.Methods:CNKI, CBM, Wanfang, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science were searched to compared endoscopy and surgery for the clinical efficacy of chronic pancreatitis. Literatures were searched from the establishment of the database to August 14, 2022. Compared pain relief, clinical response to initial treatment, complications, endocrine/exocrine insufficiency, length of hospital stay and mean number of procedures between the two groups. Manager 5.4.1 software was used for data analysis. Odds ratio ( OR) or weighted mean difference ( WMD) was calculated with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results:A total of seven studies were included, including three randomized controlled trials and four retrospective studies with 708 patients. There were 513 males and 195 females. Endoscopic interventions were performed in 364 patients and 344 patients underwent surgery. The results of meta-analysis showed that the total pain relief rate ( OR=0.38, 95% CI: 0.24-0.59) and the complete pain relief rate ( OR=0.47, 95% CI: 0.29-0.77), short-term (1-1.5 years) pain relief rate ( OR=0.42, 95% CI: 0.24-0.74), clinical relief rate ( OR=0.23, 95% CI: 0.10-0.55) were better than the endoscopic group, and could significantly reduce the number of reoperation ( WMD=1.64, 95% CI: 0.89-2.40), and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in complications, new-onset endocrine insufficiency, new-onset exocrine insufficiency and length of hospital stay between the endoscopy group and the surgical group (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Surgical intervention is superior to endoscopic treatment in controlling pain associated with chronic pancreatitis and in clinical relief after the first treatment, and can effectively reduce the number of reoperations.