Objective:To investigate the training effect of order-oriented medical students in Yunnan Province of China and related influencing factors and targeted suggestions, and to improve the training effect of order-oriented medical students in residency training bases in Yunnan Province.Methods:The stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 8 general residency training bases, and a questionnaire survey was performed among the 621 order-oriented students in these training bases. Finally, 616 valid questionnaires were collected. SPSS 26.0 was used to perform the two-sample rank sum test, the K-W test, and the ordered multinomial logistic regression analysis.Results:The training effect of the "5+3" order-oriented medical students in Yunnan Province was between generally good (48.29%) and good (45.37%). The effect of the provincial general training base is better than that of the municipal general training base, and most training students at the province level (167, 59.64%) thought that the training effect was good, while most of the training students at the prefecture or municipal level (194, 57.91%) thought that the training effect was generally good. When the teaching level of the teachers can meet the teaching work, the residential training effect of the order-oriented residential training students is well evaluated (197,68.17%). When skill training was carried out by the base at least once a month, most of the order-oriented trainees (96, 48.73%) thought that the training effect was good. The ordered multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that the nature of the base, sex, attitude towards policy, psychological state, teaching competency of teachers, perfection of the fund guarantee system, consistency of training plan with requirements, consistency of training process with requirements, and consistency of teaching activities with requirements were influencing factors for the training effect of "5+3" order-oriented medical students in residency training bases of Yunnan Province ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The training effect of "5+3" order-oriented medical students in residency training bases of Yunnan Province was between generally good and good. The training effect of bases can be improved by strengthening the construction of infrastructure, giving full play to the role of base linkage, perfecting the training plan, improving implementation and execution, building up a perfect fund guarantee system, enhancing the construction of general teaching team, emphasizing skill practice training, and implementing diversified training activities.