ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of foliar fertilizer of nano-calcium carbonate and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate on the agronomic traits， carbohydrate and endogenous hormone contents of Dendrobium officinale planted for 1 year under greenhouse cultivation， in order to provide scientific basis for fertilization to improve the yield and quality of D. officinale. MethodsSingle-factor experimental design was adopted. Starting from early spring， D. officinale was treated with foliar spraying according to corresponding fertilizers. Three treatment groups were established based on different fertilizers， namely， a blank group（clear water）， a nano-calcium carbonate group（0.727 g·L^-1 nano-calcium carbonate water-soluble fertilizer）， and a calcium nitrate tetrahydrate group（1.091 g·L^-1 calcium nitrate tetrahydrate water-soluble fertilizer）. The frequency of spraying was three times per month， and the entire treatment process lasted for nine months. The effects of various treatments on the traits and relative chlorophyll content of D. officinale were dynamically monitored. Sampling was conducted at three specific time points：August 2， 2023， September 8， 2023， and November 1， 2023， respectively. The contents of glucose and mannose in D. officinale stems were determined by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）， the content of soluble sugars in D. officinale stems and leaves was determined by phenol method， and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to detect the concentrations of cytokinin and auxin. ResultsCompared with the blank group， the treatments with nano-calcium carbonate and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate could significantly increase stem length， stem node number， leaf number， and tiller number. Among them， during the harvesting period in November， the stem length and tiller number， which are indicators related to the yield of D. officinale， increased by 60.85% and 19.23% after treatment with calcium nitrate tetrahydrate， and by 32.54% and 28.85% after treatment with nano-calcium carbonate， respectively. Compared with the blank group， treatments with nano-calcium carbonate and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate could promote the accumulation of sucrose in the stems and leaves of D. officinale to varying degrees， as well as the accumulation of polysaccharides， mannose， and glucose in the stems. In addition， nano-calcium carbonate treatment also facilitated the accumulation of fructose in the stems and leaves of D. officinale. Specifically， during the harvesting period in November， polysaccharides and mannose， which were the main active ingredients in D. officinale stems， increased by 28.48% and 29.36% after treatment with calcium nitrate tetrahydrate， and by 39.91% and 82.62% after treatment with nano-calcium carbonate， respectively. In addition， compared with the blank group， the concentrations of auxin in the stems and leaves of D. officinale were significantly increased after treatment with calcium nitrate tetrahydrate（P<0.05）. Similarly， the concentrations of cytokinin and auxin in the stems of D. officinale were also elevated after treatment with nano-calcium carbonate. Correlation analysis further indicated that elongation growth and tillering of D. officinale stems after foliar spraying of nano-calcium carbonate and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate might be related to the accumulation of carbohydrates in the stems and leaves and the synergistic effect of auxin and cytokinin. ConclusionIn production practice， spraying nano-calcium carbonate and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate can promote the accumulation of cytokinin， auxin， and carbohydrate contents in the stems and leaves of D. officinale， and promote tillering and elongation growth of the stems.

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the potential pharmacological mechanism of the seed of Draba nemorosa， and to provide reference for further development， utilization and clinical application. METHODS： Effective components and related target proteins of D. nemorosa were screened and identified by using TCMSP and STRING database. Cytoscape 3.7.0 software was used to construct a visual network of effective components and target proteins for the seed of D. nemorosa， and the network topology analysis was performed. The targeting protein-protein interaction （PPI） network was constructed and analyzed by STRING database and Cytoscape 3.7.0 software. KEGG pathway enrichment of target proteins was analyzed by DAVID bioinformatics resource database. RESULTS： A total of 9 effective components were screened from the seed of D. nemorosa， including quercetin， kaempferol， β-sitosterol， etc. Totally 174 target proteins were obtained， mainly including PTGS2， NCOA2， PGR， etc. Among them， JUN and MAPK1 were core proteins in PPI network. KEGG enrichment pathway included PI3K/Akt signaling pathway， TNF-α signaling pathway， HIF-1 signaling pathway， Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and thyroid hormone signal pathway， etc. CONCLUSIONS： Effective components from the seed of D. nemorosa such as quercetin， kaempferol and β-sitosterol may act on PTGS2， JUN and MAPK1 target proteins through PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and TNF-α signaling pathway， thus exert the effects of purging lung， relieving asthma， promoting edema and reducing edema.