Purpose: Cancer has become a significant major public health concern, making the discovery of new cancer markers or therapeutic targets exceptionally important. Elevated expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 12A (TNFRSF12A) expression has been observed in certain types of cancer. This project aims to investigate the function of TNFRSF12A in tumors and the underlying mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Various websites were utilized for conducting the bioinformatics analysis. Tumor cell lines with stable knockdown or overexpression of TNFRSF12A were established for cell phenotyping experiments and subcutaneous tumorigenesis in BALB/c mice. RNA-seq was employed to investigate the mechanism of TNFRSF12A. Results: TNFRSF12A was upregulated in the majority of cancers and associated with a poor prognosis. Knockdown TNFRSF12A hindered the colorectal cancer progression, while overexpression facilitated malignancy both in vitro and in vivo. TNFRSF12A overexpression led to increased nuclear factor кB (NF-κB) signaling and significant upregulation of baculoviral IAP repeat containing 3 (BIRC3), a transcription target of the NF-κB member RELA, and it was experimentally confirmed to be a critical downstream factor of TNFRSF12A. Therefore, we speculated the existence of a TNFRSF12A/RELA/BIRC3 regulatory axis in colorectal cancer. Conclusion TNFRSF12A is upregulated in various cancer types and associated with a poor prognosis. In colorectal cancer, elevated TNFRSF12A expression promotes tumor growth, potentially through the TNFRSF12A/RELA/BIRC3 regulatory axis.

Purpose: Cancer has become a significant major public health concern, making the discovery of new cancer markers or therapeutic targets exceptionally important. Elevated expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 12A (TNFRSF12A) expression has been observed in certain types of cancer. This project aims to investigate the function of TNFRSF12A in tumors and the underlying mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Various websites were utilized for conducting the bioinformatics analysis. Tumor cell lines with stable knockdown or overexpression of TNFRSF12A were established for cell phenotyping experiments and subcutaneous tumorigenesis in BALB/c mice. RNA-seq was employed to investigate the mechanism of TNFRSF12A. Results: TNFRSF12A was upregulated in the majority of cancers and associated with a poor prognosis. Knockdown TNFRSF12A hindered the colorectal cancer progression, while overexpression facilitated malignancy both in vitro and in vivo. TNFRSF12A overexpression led to increased nuclear factor кB (NF-κB) signaling and significant upregulation of baculoviral IAP repeat containing 3 (BIRC3), a transcription target of the NF-κB member RELA, and it was experimentally confirmed to be a critical downstream factor of TNFRSF12A. Therefore, we speculated the existence of a TNFRSF12A/RELA/BIRC3 regulatory axis in colorectal cancer. Conclusion TNFRSF12A is upregulated in various cancer types and associated with a poor prognosis. In colorectal cancer, elevated TNFRSF12A expression promotes tumor growth, potentially through the TNFRSF12A/RELA/BIRC3 regulatory axis.

Purpose: Cancer has become a significant major public health concern, making the discovery of new cancer markers or therapeutic targets exceptionally important. Elevated expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 12A (TNFRSF12A) expression has been observed in certain types of cancer. This project aims to investigate the function of TNFRSF12A in tumors and the underlying mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Various websites were utilized for conducting the bioinformatics analysis. Tumor cell lines with stable knockdown or overexpression of TNFRSF12A were established for cell phenotyping experiments and subcutaneous tumorigenesis in BALB/c mice. RNA-seq was employed to investigate the mechanism of TNFRSF12A. Results: TNFRSF12A was upregulated in the majority of cancers and associated with a poor prognosis. Knockdown TNFRSF12A hindered the colorectal cancer progression, while overexpression facilitated malignancy both in vitro and in vivo. TNFRSF12A overexpression led to increased nuclear factor кB (NF-κB) signaling and significant upregulation of baculoviral IAP repeat containing 3 (BIRC3), a transcription target of the NF-κB member RELA, and it was experimentally confirmed to be a critical downstream factor of TNFRSF12A. Therefore, we speculated the existence of a TNFRSF12A/RELA/BIRC3 regulatory axis in colorectal cancer. Conclusion TNFRSF12A is upregulated in various cancer types and associated with a poor prognosis. In colorectal cancer, elevated TNFRSF12A expression promotes tumor growth, potentially through the TNFRSF12A/RELA/BIRC3 regulatory axis.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy that poses significant treatment challenges due to its heterogeneity and propensity for relapse and progression. In the last two decades, the therapeutic landscape of MM has changed dramatically, but the disease remains largely incurable, with many patients facing treatment resistance. This review evaluates the current status of MM treatments, emphasizing the limitations of traditional therapies and the emerging role of immunotherapy in improving patient outcomes. It highlights the importance of achieving and maintaining minimal residual disease negativity and a balanced immune response as key treatment goals. Furthermore, it discusses the advancements in immunotherapies that are improving the prospects for patients, particularly those with relapsed or refractory disease. Innovative strategies, such as chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, bispecific antibodies, and bispecific T cell engagers, have shown significant promise by targeting the malignant cells and the bone marrow microenvironment, which are essential for disease persistence and resistance to therapy. Future research should focus on refining MM treatment strategies, including the integration of immunotherapy into earlier treatment lines and the development of predictive biomarkers for personalized treatment approaches, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes.

Stem-leaf saponins from Panax notoginseng (SLSP) comprise numerous PPD-type saponins with diverse pharmacological properties; however, their role in Parkinson's disease (PD), characterized by microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, remains unclear. This study evaluated the effects of SLSP on suppressing microglia-driven neuroinflammation in experimental PD models, including the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPTP)-induced mouse model and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglia. Our findings revealed that SLSP mitigated behavioral impairments and excessive microglial activation in models of PD, including MPTP-treated mice. Additionally, SLSP inhibited the upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and attenuated the phosphorylation of PI3K, protein kinase B (AKT), nuclear factor-κB (NFκB), and inhibitor of NFκB protein α (IκBα) both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, SLSP suppressed the production of inflammatory markers such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells. Notably, the P2Y2R agonist partially reversed the inhibitory effects of SLSP in LPS-treated BV-2 cells. These results suggest that SLSP inhibit microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in experimental PD models, likely through the P2Y2R/PI3K/AKT/NFκB signaling pathway. These novel findings indicate that SLSP may offer therapeutic potential for PD by attenuating microglia-mediated neuroinflammation.
Animals ; Panax notoginseng/chemistry* ; Saponins/pharmacology* ; Microglia/immunology* ; Mice ; NF-kappa B/immunology* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/immunology* ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics* ; Male ; Parkinson Disease/immunology* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Disease Models, Animal ; Plant Leaves/chemistry* ; Neuroinflammatory Diseases/drug therapy* ; Humans

Cirrhotic portal hypertension (CPH) is a manifestation of decompensated liver cirrhosis, with ascites, portal collateral circulation formation, hypersplenism and splenomegaly as the typical clinical symptoms. In recent years, the incidence of CPH has been increasing year by year, and the treatment of CPH has gradually become a hot issue in medical research. In order to further explore the diagnosis and treatment scheme of CPH. We briefly describe the pathophysiological mechanism and diagnosis of CPH, and the current situation of CPH treatment and the new progress of internal and external treatment were reviewed.

Objective To systematically search,evaluate and summarize the best evidence for prevention and management of extravasation in peripheral intravenous infusion in NICU neonates,and provide a reference for clinical practice and standard formulation.Methods A comprehensive systematic search of websites and databases was conducted to explore literature on prevention and management of extravasation in NICU neonates,including clinical decisions,guidelines,expert consensuses,evidence summaries and systematic reviews.The search encompassed the entire period from database inception to July 2023.2 researchers independently evaluated the quality of the literature,extracted and integrated the evidence.Results The study included a total of 9 articles,comprising 1 clinical decision,3 guidelines,3 expert consensus documents,and 2 evidence summaries.Ultimately,25 pieces of evidence were synthesized,covering risk factors,catheter indwelling and maintenance,extravasation assessment and treatment,and team building,education and training.Conclusion The evidence provided practical and specific recommendations that can guide healthcare institutions in formulating strategies to prevent and treat extravasation during peripheral intravenous infusion in NICU neonates,while also offering evidence-based guidance for applying the evidence in clinical practice.

Objective To retrieve and integrate relevant evidence on the prevention and nursing of neonatal intraoperative acquired pressure and provide a reference basis for nursing practice.Methods According to the"6S"model retrieval strategy,we searched for published articles including the following topic words,such as prevention,assessment,management,and nursing care of neonatal intra-operative pressure injury from establishment of databases until August 2,2023.We got the related references from clinical decision-making websites,guidelines network,professional association websites,domestic and foreign databases.Results Totally 14 articles were included,including 1 clinical decision support,4 clinical guidelines,3 evidence summaries,2 systematic reviews and 4 expert consensuses.Finally,31 pieces of best evidence were summarized from 5 aspects of risk factors,risk assessment,observation and preventive measures,nursing measures after the occurrence of pressure injury,education and training.Conclusion Multidisciplinary collaborative participation based on the obtained evidence is an effective strategy,which can be applied to the prevention and nursing care of neonatal intraoperative acquired pressure injury.Appropriate preventive and nursing programs should be made according to the actual situation and clinical environment,so as to reduce the incidence of neonatal intraoperative acquired pressure injury and to ensure the safety of neonatal perioperative nursing care.

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum polyadenyldiphosphate ribose polymer-ase(PARP)1,soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1(sTNFR1),and ventricular arrhythmias(VA)in pa-tients with chronic heart failure(CHF).Methods A total of 117 CHF patients who visited the hospital from August 2021 to February 2023 were selected as the research objects,and were regarded as the CHF group.Ac-cording to whether VA occurred during hospitalization,they were separated into a VA group of 25 cases and a non VA group of 92 cases.A total of 120 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations were re-garded as the healthy group.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was applied to determine the expression levels of serum PARP1 and sTNFR1 in the research objects.Spearman method was applied for correlation a-nalysis.Logistic regression was applied to analyze the factors affecting the occurrence of VA in CHF patients.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was applied to analyze the predictive value of serum PARP1 and sTNFR1 levels in evaluating the occurrence of VA in CHF patients.Results The serum PARP1 and sT-NFR1 levels in the CHF group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The serum PARP1 and sTNFR1 levels in the VA group were obviously higher than those in the non VA group(P＜0.05).The cardiac troponin 1(cTnⅠ)in the VA group was higher than that in the non VA group,and the proportion of heart function grade Ⅰ,left ventricular ejection fraction,and hemoglobin(Hb)were lower than those in the non VA group(P＜0.05).The levels of serum PARP1 and sTNFR1 were positively correlated with cTnⅠ and cardiac function grading,but negatively correlated with Hb and left ventricular ejection fraction(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that PARP1 and sTNFR1 were risk factors for VA in CHF patients(P＜0.05).ROC curve shows that the area under the curve(AUC)of the combined prediction of serum PARP1 and sTNFR1 for the occurrence of VA in CHF patients was 0.909,which was higher than those of single pre-dictions(ZPARP1-combination=2.023,P=0.043,ZsTNFR1-combination=2.077,P=0.038),and the sensitivity and the spe-cificity were 92.00％and 72.83％,respectively.Conclusion Serum PARP1 and sTNFR1 expression is up-reg-ulated in CHF patients,and their high expression is closely related to the occurrence of VA in CHF patients.The combination of the two has high predictive value for VA.

Objective:To understand the real experience of caregivers of children with craniopharyngioma-associated hypothalamic obesity (CP-HO) based on the chronic disease trajectory model, so as to provide a reference for formulating corresponding disease management plans.Methods:From May 2023 to July 2023, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 caregivers of children with CP-HO who were admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University through purposive sampling. The interview data were analyzed by Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.Results:The 17 caregivers of children with CP-HO were 24 to 46 years old, including 3 males and 14 females. A total of 3 themes were extracted. Prodromal phase of weight: lack of disease cognition and weakening of self-concept; during the period of weight increase, the demand burden became prominent and the life pattern changed; weight stability: pressure, hope, and insight into the value of life.Conclusions:For promoting a good disease response of caregivers and improving the weight management effect of children and the quality of family life, medical staff should pay attention to and understand the disease care experience of children with CP-HO, and provide comprehensive and systematic solution strategies.