Medical morality,especially dental ethical account is usually demonstrated by ethical theories,including theory of utilitarianism,deontology,and virtue ethics.In fact,the true purpose of medical education is to produce erudite and humane practitioners and medical researchers.The present study discussed the efficacy of dental ethical educations through clinical practical issues.

Objective: To determine the impurities in pharmaceutical adjuvant sodium bisulfite. Methods: An IC method was used with a Dionex IonPac AS17-C RFIC analytical column. ECD was used as the detector by gradient elution and the temperature of column was 30℃. Results:Sulfate radical was detected out in all samples. Conclusion:The method is simple and fast with high sensi-tivity, which is suitable for the determination of related substances in sodium bisulfite.

Sixty patients with early diabetic nephropathy (DN) and normal blood pressure were randomly divided into telmisartan treatment and control groups.And the blood biochemical parameters,urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER),the serum levels of homocysteine (HCY) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were measured at both pre- and post-treatment of 24 weeks.After treatment,the levels ofUAER,HCY [(61 ±26) vs.(98±38) mg/L,(11.70 ±2.86) vs.(14.4±2.8) μmol/L (P＜ 0.01 ) ]and homeostasis model of insulin resistance index,TGF-β1 [ ( 3.17 ± 0.66) vs.( 3.60 ± 0.87 ),(66 ± 14) vs.(77 ± 17 )U/L respectively (P ＜ 0.05 )]in the telmisartan group were significantly lower than those in the control group.It indicated that telmisartan could improve the insulin sensitivity,significantly decrease the serum levels of HCY and TGF-β1,reduce UAER and exert kidney protection effects in the patients with early DN.

Objective: To analyze the compatibility rationality between the raw material and auxiliary material sodium bisulfite in Zhengqin Fengtongning injection.Methods: HPLC was applied to detect the contents of the impurity and the main component in Zhengqing Fengtongning injection, and ion chromatography was applied to determine the content of sodium bisulfite in Zhengqing Fengtongning injection.The changes of impurity, main component and sodium bisulfite among the samples were compared before and after the stress testing (high temperature at 40℃, 60℃ and illumination at 4 500 lx).LC-MS-MS was used to identify the structures of the impurities.Results: The impurity in Zhengqing Fengtongning injection was the combination of the raw material and sodium bisulfite.Conclusion: It is irrational for Zhengqing Fengtongning injection to use sodium bisulfite as the antioxidant.

Objective To investigate the relationship between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA and EBV serology markers and evaluate the clinical application values in different diseases.Methods Plasma samples from 397 diagnosed EBV infection-associated patients and 120 health donors from May 2014 to November 2015 in Wuhan Tongji Hospital were collected.Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was performed to detect the levels of EBV-DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cell and plasma.ELISA was used to detect VCA IgA,VCA IgM,VCA IgG,EA(D) IgG and EBNA IgG antibodies in plasma.The positive rate of EBV-DNA and EBV antibodies were counted in each group according to the detection threshold.Kappa statistic and Spearman sank correlation test were used to analysis the correlation and uniformity between EBV-DNA and EBV serology indicators.Results The positive rate of VCA IgG in patient and health control was 94.2% (374/397) and 93.3% (112/120) respectively (χ2=0.125,P=0.67);The positive rate of EBNA IgG in patient and health control was 95.4% (379/397) and 95.0% (114/120) respectively (χ2=0.045,P=0.807);but the positive rate of VCA IgM was 5.5% (22/397) and 0% (0/120) respectively (χ2=6.9,P<0.01);The positive rate of VCA IgA was 43.3% (172/397) and 9.2% (10/120) respectively (χ2=49.5,P<0.01);The positive rate of EA(D) IgG was 42.0% (167/397) and 7.5% (9/120) respectively (χ2=49,P<0.01).The positive rate of EBV-DNA was 65.5% (260/397) and 16.7% (20/120) respectively (χ2=88.5,P<0.01);The positive rate of EBV-DNA in plasma was 45.8% (182/397) and 5.0% (6/120) respectively (χ2=66.4,P<0.01).Furthermore,the uniformity and Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between EBV-DNA and EBV serology indicators.The correlation analysis between PBMC EBV-DNA and VCA IgM,VCA IgA,EA(D) IgG showed the Kappa was 0.073,0.147,0.073,respectively;the correlation analysis between plasma EBV-DNA and VCA IgM,VCA IgA,EA(D) IgG showed the Kappa was 0.144,0.369,0.288,respectively.Thus,the patients were divided into different groups according to the discharge diagnosis,it was observed that the positive rates of EBV-DNA is more than 90% in extra-nodal NK/T cells lymphoma,EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphoid tissue hyperplasia,chronic active EBV infection and infectious mononucleosis.In nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients,the positive rate of EBV antibodies (VCA IgA and EA(D) IgG) were higher than the detection of EBV-DNA.Conclusions There was no significant correlation between EBV-DNA and EBV serology markers for the same sample.The clinical application values of EBV DNA and EBV serology markers were not identical in nasopharyngeal carcinoma,extra-nodal NK/T cells lymphoma,infectious mononucleosis and EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphoid tissue hyperplasia.

A sensitive colorimetric method for the detection of copper ions (Cu2+) was developed based on the surface modification of silver/platinum nanoclusters (Ag/Pt NCs) and regulation of peroxidase-like activity. It was found that 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) could inhibit the catalytic ability of Ag/Pt NCs; however, it lost the inhibition toward catalytic ability of Ag/Pt NCs after oxidized by oxygen through the catalysis of Cu2+. On the basis of this, a colorimetric method was developed for the detection of Cu2+ through measuring the colorimetric signal variation of the TMB-H2O2 reaction. This method exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity toward Cu2+ over a panel of other metal ions. The linear range was 10-100 nmol/L and the detection limit was 5.0 nmol/L (3σ). The above method was also applied to detect real water samples and spiked samples, and the results demonstrated that this method was simple with low cost.

Objective To investigate the effects of pravastatin on the blood biochemical index,the levels of serum resistin,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and metabolic syndrome (MS).Methods 60 patients with IGT and MS were random treated with pravastatin or remedial life-style intervention,and the levels of lipids profiles,insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR),serum resistin,TNF-α and IL-6 were measured before and after treatment.Results The levels of total cholesterol [ (4.45 ±0.60)mmol/L vs (5.58 ±0.96) mmol/L,t =-5.42,P ＜0.01],HOMA-IR [3.22 ±0.64 vs 3.58 ±0.71,t =-2.05,P ＜0.05) ],resistin[ (1.97 ±0.72) μg/L vs (2.76 ±0.73) μg/L,t=-4.26,P ＜0.01 ],TNF-α[ (9.36 ±2.03) μg/L vs (13.87 ±2.30)μg/L,t =-8.06,P ＜0.01] and IL-6[ (3.50 ±0.99) μg/L vs (6.32 ±1.17) μg/L,t =-10.06,P ＜0.01 ] in pravastatin group were significantly lower than those in life-style intervention group.Conclusion Pravastatin could improve insulin sensitivity of the patients with IGT and MS,significantly decreased the serum levels of resistin,TNF-α,IL-6,and it had anti-inflammatory effect.

Splenic arteriovenous fistula is a rare disease and is also easy to be misdiagnosed.Clinical manifestations of the splenic arteriovenous fistula include portal hypertension,esophageal gastric varices,gastro-intestinal bleeding,diarrhea,abdominal pain,ascites,dyspnoea and heart failure.One patient with splenic arteriovenous fistula after splenectomy was treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from April to May in 2014.The patient was cured successfully by percutaneous transarterial embolization and celiac arteriography with the aid of interventional radiology.Hepatic and renal functions of the patient got a normal condition combined with a missing of the ascites and portal hypertension by abdominal enhanced computed tomography at postoperative month 2.

Objective To investigate the Effects of thyroxine on the level of serum homocysteine and urinary albumin excretion rate in elderly patients with early diabetic nephropathy and subclinical hypothyroidism.Methods Seventy-five patients with early diabetic nephropathy and subclinical hypothyroidism were randomly divided into levothyroxine treatment group and conventional treatment group.Urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER),serum levels of homocysteine,creatinine,and lipids were measured at both pre-and post-treatment of 48 weeks.Results After treatment,serum total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein-cholesterol,triglyceride,thyrotropin,homocysteine,UAER,and serum creatinine in the levothyroxine treatment group were significantly lower than those in the conventional treatment group [(-0.52 ± 0.12 vs 0.31 ± 0.40) mmol/L,(-0.33 ± 0.22 vs 0.24 ± 0.36) mmol/L,(-0.16±0.18 vs0.19±0.29)mmol/L,(-4.4 ± 1.2 vs 1.2 ±0.8)mIU/L,(-1.4 ±2.0 vs0.9± 1.0)mmol/L,(-13 ± 13 vs 10 ± 7) pg/ml,(-2 ± 2 vs 3 ± 2) μmoL/L,respectively,all P＜0.01].Conclusions Treatment with levothyroxine could significantly improve serum lipid profiles and reduce homocysteine,UAER,and creatinine,and exert a protective effect on the kidney in the elderly patients with early diabetic nephropathy and subclinical hypothyroidism.

Objective: To study the effects of total flavonoids of Astragalus on apoptosis of bovine retinal capillary pericytes(BRPs) under high glucose.Methods: The third generation of nearly symphysic bovine retinal vessel pericytes cultivated in vitro were divided into normal control group,high glucose group,and Astragalus total flavonoids groups(0.25,0.5,1.0,2.0 mg/ml) at random.After being incubated for 6 days,apoptosis of BRPs were detected by TUNEL method.TBA method was used to detect the contents of MDA.Xanthine oxidase method was used to detect the SOD activities.Results: Compared with high glucose group,the apoptosis,MDA contents,SOD activity,MDA content/SOD activity of BRPs reduced markedly in total flavonoids of Astragalus groups(0.5,1.0,2.0mg/ml)(P