A part of pathogenetic factors of hypertensionin twenty--seven patients with hypertensive NIDDM (group 1) were observed. The control groupsincluded non-hypertensive NIDDM (group 2, n=46 ), primary hypertension (group 3, n= 15) andhealthy persons (group 4, n= 15). The oral glu-cose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin releasing test(IRT ), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), an-giotensin I (ATI), aldosterone (ALD), wholeblood volume and urine protein were measured.The results showed that the plasma insulin andsodium levels and the whole blood volume weresignificantly higher in group 1 than those in con-trol group 2, the ANP level was rather lower than that in control group 4. Although the results werecorresponded with the theory that the circulatinghyperinsulinemia may lead to sodium retention andinhibited an adequate ANP stimulation by sodiumchallenge which turn to hypertension, nonhyper-tensive NIDDM patients (group 2) also have thesame findinge. So the retention of sodium and wa-ter can't be used to explain the mechanism of hy-pertension in NIDDM patients, the other patho-genetic factors especialy the factors related to thehyperinsulinemia such as PGE and PGI need to beinvestigated futher.

Objective To analyze the DCE-MRI features and ADC value in triple-negative breast cancer and HER-2 overexpres-sion breast cancer,and to improve the j udgment of both characteristic in MRI.Methods To analyse the DCE-MRI imaging of TNBC and HER-2 overexpression breast cancer,measured the ADC value and compared the statistics.Results Compared with the shape, margin,the way of enhancement and ADC value of the TNBC and HER-2 overexpression breast cancer,the distinction has statisti-cally significant(P<0.05);there were no statistically significant difference among age,mass or nomass,categories of lesions and TIC,(P>0.05).Conclusion DCE-MRI features of the shape,margin,the way of enhancement and ADC values were useful for the diagnosis of TNBC and HER-2 overexpression breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pyogenic encephalitis in our hospital,and to pro-vide reference for rational use of antibiotics. METHODS:The cerebrospinal fluid pathogen of 4 255 patients with pyogenic encepha-litis in our hospital during Jan. 1st,2011-Dec. 31st,2014 were cultured and identified,and drug sensitivity test was conducted. RE-SULTS:A total of 834 pathogens were isolated with positive detection rate of 19.6%,including 576 strains of gram-positive bacte-ria,accounting for 69.1%;255 strains of gram-negative bacteria,accounting for 30.6%;3 strains of fungi,accounting for 0.4%. Top 3 gram-positive bacteria were Coagulase-negative staphylococci(436 strains),Staphylococcus aureus(56 strains)and Entero-coccus (29 strains). Top 3 gram-negative bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae (46 strains),Acinetobacter baumannii (38 strains) and Escherichia coli(31 strains). Top 3 departments were neurosurgery department(506 strains),ICU(169 strains)and severe re-spiratory disease department (64 strains). Results of drug sensitivity test showed that no drug-resistant Staphylococcus and Entero-coccus strains to vancomycin,teicoplanin and miuocycline was found;nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli showed low resistant to minocycline. CONCLUSIONS:Gram-positive bacteria dominates the detection rate of cerebrospinal fluid of pyogenic encephalitis patients;drug resistance of various pathogens is serious and clinicians should choose antibiotics based on drug sensitivity.

Objective To study CT value in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of submandibular tumor.Methods The CT features of submandibular tumors proved by pathology in 20 cases were analyzed retrospectively and compared with pathologic findings. Double-blind was used to evaluate the value of CT in differentiating both malignant and benign submandibular tumors. Results Of 20 patients,8 were benign tumors, 6 appeared as homogeneous density and well-defined, 2 appeared as inhomogeneous density and partial ill-defined.12 case were malignant of them, 10 were irregular in shape, 8 were heterogeneous indensity, 7 were ill-defined, 5 were well-defined in shape, 4 were homogeneous indensity. Double-blind indicated that 75% submandibular tumors could be qualified by CT, but could not determine the histological type of tumors. Conclusion CT can differentiate most of malignant submandibular tumors from benign tumors, but can not be used to categorize the histological type of tumors.

This study is aimed to make a comprehensive introduction to the anti-MRSA drugs,and also to compare the safety and efficacy among a variety of anti-MRSA drugs.Finally,it is pointed that we should select the anti-MRSA drugs precisely according to different situation of disease when treating the infection with MRSA.Then we can make the individualized treatment for patients and provide a basis for the disease when treatment of patients as well.

Objective Spastic pelvic floor syndrome (SPFS) is a common chronic functional constipation characterized by irregular defecation,low defecation frequency,difficult defecation,and discomfort and pain in the anus and perineum.The pathophysiologic mechanism of the disease has not yet been clearly understood,so there is no targeted treatment.At present,biofeedback therapy is an effective,safe and non-invasive method for the treatment of spastic pelvic floor syndrome,which is often combined with Chinese medicine and psychological intervention in clinical treatment.

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical characteristics of nosocomial infection of lower respiratory tract by coagulase negative staphtylococci(CNS) and their drug resistance to common antibiotics.METHODS The clinical data and drug resistance of CNS of 37 nosocomial infection cases and 68 cases with colonization of lower respiratory tract by CNS were analyzed retrospectively,and the study mainly was focused on the risk factors and basic clinical features of nosocomial infection of lower respiratory tract by CNS.The resistance to common antibiotics of CNS was also summarized.RESULTS The risk factors were determined,which included long duration,age more than 65 years old,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,the use of antibiotic suchs as carbapenems,the third generation cephalosporin,fluoroquinolones and concurrent infection of fungus.The mortality rate of infection was higher than after colonization.The clinical characteristics of nosocomial infection of lower respiratory tract by CNS included that the temperature of patients was focus on 37.5-38.5 ℃,peripheral blood routine of patients appearsed normal mostly and the lung imaging displayed the bilateral exudation changing near 50% the total.The 105 isolates of CNS were resistant to multi-antibiotics,the drug resistance rate to rifampicin and sodium fusidate was relatively low and resistant strains to vancomycin and teicoplanin were not detected.CONCLUSIONS The toxemia symptoms of nosocomial infection of lower respiratory tract by CNS are mild and the clinical manifestation is atypical.It is more likely to catch nosocomial infection of lower respiratory tract by CNS for the patients who are with low immunity and applied with broad spectrum antibiotic for long-term.

Objective To extract and purify a polysaccharide SEP from eggs of sea urchin Strongylocentrotus nudus. and to determine its purity, molecular weight and immunological activity in vitro. Methods The orthogonal design was employed to obtain the best possible combination of the critical parameters for polysaccharide extraction. By ultrafiltration, DE-AE Sepharose Fast Flow anion-exchange chromatography and Sephacryl S-400 gel filtration chromatography, the deproteinated crude polysaccharide was purified. The homogeneity of SEP was proved by HPLC, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and paper chromatography. Its molecular weight was determined by HPGPC in reference to standVd T-series Dextran. Lymphocyte proliferation assay was made to investigate the immuno-modulating activity of SEP. Results and Conclusion The results indicated SEP was a homogeneous polysaccharide. Its molecular weight was about 1950KD. SEP increased remarkably spleen lymphocyte proliferation. The homogeneous polysaccharide SEP showed significantly immunological activity in vitro.

Objective To investigate hand hygiene status of health care workers (HCWs)in a hospital,and pro-vide guides for improving hand hygiene compliance.Methods Hand hygiene intervention was adopted in a hospital between 2012 and 2014,hand hygiene compliance among HCWs and healthcare-associated infection in patients be-tween August 1 and August 31 of each year were investigated and analyzed statistically.Results In 2102 -2014, hand hygiene compliance rate of HCWs was 59.55%,62.13%,and 65.16% respectively,which showed a increased trend (χ2 =10.018,P =0.002),HAI rate was 2.13%,1 .48% and 1 .06% respectively,which showed a decreased trend (χ2 =82.377,P <0.001 );hand hygiene compliance rate of doctors was lower than nurses (57.97% vs 65.97%);Of different hand hygiene moments,hand hygiene compliance rate was the lowest before touching a pa-tient(41 .32%),and highest after body fluid exposure (76.47%).Conclusion Comprehensive hand hygiene inter-vention in this hospital has achieved preliminary results,improvement of HCWs’hand compliance is helpful for pre-venting HAI.