A part of pathogenetic factors of hypertensionin twenty--seven patients with hypertensive NIDDM (group 1) were observed. The control groupsincluded non-hypertensive NIDDM (group 2, n=46 ), primary hypertension (group 3, n= 15) andhealthy persons (group 4, n= 15). The oral glu-cose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin releasing test(IRT ), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), an-giotensin I (ATI), aldosterone (ALD), wholeblood volume and urine protein were measured.The results showed that the plasma insulin andsodium levels and the whole blood volume weresignificantly higher in group 1 than those in con-trol group 2, the ANP level was rather lower than that in control group 4. Although the results werecorresponded with the theory that the circulatinghyperinsulinemia may lead to sodium retention andinhibited an adequate ANP stimulation by sodiumchallenge which turn to hypertension, nonhyper-tensive NIDDM patients (group 2) also have thesame findinge. So the retention of sodium and wa-ter can't be used to explain the mechanism of hy-pertension in NIDDM patients, the other patho-genetic factors especialy the factors related to thehyperinsulinemia such as PGE and PGI need to beinvestigated futher.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pyogenic encephalitis in our hospital,and to pro-vide reference for rational use of antibiotics. METHODS:The cerebrospinal fluid pathogen of 4 255 patients with pyogenic encepha-litis in our hospital during Jan. 1st,2011-Dec. 31st,2014 were cultured and identified,and drug sensitivity test was conducted. RE-SULTS:A total of 834 pathogens were isolated with positive detection rate of 19.6%,including 576 strains of gram-positive bacte-ria,accounting for 69.1%;255 strains of gram-negative bacteria,accounting for 30.6%;3 strains of fungi,accounting for 0.4%. Top 3 gram-positive bacteria were Coagulase-negative staphylococci(436 strains),Staphylococcus aureus(56 strains)and Entero-coccus (29 strains). Top 3 gram-negative bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae (46 strains),Acinetobacter baumannii (38 strains) and Escherichia coli(31 strains). Top 3 departments were neurosurgery department(506 strains),ICU(169 strains)and severe re-spiratory disease department (64 strains). Results of drug sensitivity test showed that no drug-resistant Staphylococcus and Entero-coccus strains to vancomycin,teicoplanin and miuocycline was found;nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli showed low resistant to minocycline. CONCLUSIONS:Gram-positive bacteria dominates the detection rate of cerebrospinal fluid of pyogenic encephalitis patients;drug resistance of various pathogens is serious and clinicians should choose antibiotics based on drug sensitivity.

Objective To analyze the DCE-MRI features and ADC value in triple-negative breast cancer and HER-2 overexpres-sion breast cancer,and to improve the j udgment of both characteristic in MRI.Methods To analyse the DCE-MRI imaging of TNBC and HER-2 overexpression breast cancer,measured the ADC value and compared the statistics.Results Compared with the shape, margin,the way of enhancement and ADC value of the TNBC and HER-2 overexpression breast cancer,the distinction has statisti-cally significant(P<0.05);there were no statistically significant difference among age,mass or nomass,categories of lesions and TIC,(P>0.05).Conclusion DCE-MRI features of the shape,margin,the way of enhancement and ADC values were useful for the diagnosis of TNBC and HER-2 overexpression breast cancer.

Objective To study CT value in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of submandibular tumor.Methods The CT features of submandibular tumors proved by pathology in 20 cases were analyzed retrospectively and compared with pathologic findings. Double-blind was used to evaluate the value of CT in differentiating both malignant and benign submandibular tumors. Results Of 20 patients,8 were benign tumors, 6 appeared as homogeneous density and well-defined, 2 appeared as inhomogeneous density and partial ill-defined.12 case were malignant of them, 10 were irregular in shape, 8 were heterogeneous indensity, 7 were ill-defined, 5 were well-defined in shape, 4 were homogeneous indensity. Double-blind indicated that 75% submandibular tumors could be qualified by CT, but could not determine the histological type of tumors. Conclusion CT can differentiate most of malignant submandibular tumors from benign tumors, but can not be used to categorize the histological type of tumors.

This study is aimed to make a comprehensive introduction to the anti-MRSA drugs,and also to compare the safety and efficacy among a variety of anti-MRSA drugs.Finally,it is pointed that we should select the anti-MRSA drugs precisely according to different situation of disease when treating the infection with MRSA.Then we can make the individualized treatment for patients and provide a basis for the disease when treatment of patients as well.

Objective Spastic pelvic floor syndrome (SPFS) is a common chronic functional constipation characterized by irregular defecation,low defecation frequency,difficult defecation,and discomfort and pain in the anus and perineum.The pathophysiologic mechanism of the disease has not yet been clearly understood,so there is no targeted treatment.At present,biofeedback therapy is an effective,safe and non-invasive method for the treatment of spastic pelvic floor syndrome,which is often combined with Chinese medicine and psychological intervention in clinical treatment.

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to improve students' ability in practical and theoretical courses of oral health education and to promote students' learning interest and initiative.

METHODSFourth-year students of the oral medical profession from 2006 to 2008 at Weifang Medical University were chosen as research objects for oral health education to explore the experimental teaching reform. The students were divided into test and control groups, with the test group using the "speak out" way of teaching and the control group using the traditional teaching method. Results of after-class evaluation of the test group, as well as final examination and practice examination of the two groups, were analyzed and compared.

RESULTSAfter-class evaluation results of the test group showed that the "speak out" teaching method was recognized by the students and improved students' ability to understand oral health education. The final examination and practice examination results showed that the score of the test group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION"Speak out" teaching methods can improve students' ability for oral health education, in accordance with the trend of teaching reform.

Aim To investigate the roles of p53-dependent signaling pathways in the process of ginsenoside Rg1 protection against 8-methoxypsoralen(8-MOP) and subsequent ultraviolet A(UVA) irradiation induced photoaging model in human dermal fibroblasts(HDFs).Methods Photoaging model was established by 8-MOP/UVA in skin HDFs.Flow cytometry, enzyme cytochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blot were employed.Results Pretreatment with ginsenoside Rg1 could significantly reduce the amount of UVA-generated 8-oxo-dG and relieve the photoaging representation.Compared with 8-MOP/UVA treatment group, pretreatment with Ginsenoside Rg1 could decrease the expression of SA β-galatosides(SA-β-Gal), and down-regulate the level of senescence associated proteins(p16 and p21).Conclusions Ginsenoside Rg1 has prominent dose-dependent antagonism on senescence of skin HDFs induced by 8-MOP/UVA, and its mechanism may be due to its antioxidation which reduces the production of photoproducts to protect telomere against abnormal shortening.

Objective To evaluate systematically the clinical efficacy of surgery combined with anti-TNFalpha in treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) with perianal fistula.Method Database including China Biology Medicine disc,Wan Fang Database,PubMed,Cochrane Library and EMBASE were searched withCrohn's disease,anal fistula,fistula,perianal fistula,surgical procedure,surgery,surgical,anti-tumor necrosis factoralpha,anti-TNF-alpha,TNF-alpha,克罗恩病,Crohn's病,肛瘘,手术治疗,外科手术,抗肿瘤坏死因子α制剂,肿瘤坏死因子,肿瘤坏死因子配体超家族员2”between the database establishment and June 2016.Literatures of retrospective case-control studies about surgery combined with anti-TNF-alpha therapy and single surgery in treatment of CD with perianal fistula were retrieved.Data were extracted and evaluated by 2 independent researchers.Patients who underwent surgery combined with anti-TNF-alpha therapy were allocated into the combined therapy group and patients who underwent single surgical treatment were allocated into the surgery group.The complete healing rate,partial healing rate and recurrence rate after therapy were compared between the 2 groups.Count data were represented as the odds ratio (OR) and 95％ confidence interval (CI).The heterogeneity was analyzed by theI2 test.Result Six retrospective case-control studies were retrieved and total sample size was 598 patients,including 256 in the combined therapy group and 342 in the surgery group.The result of Meta analysis showed that there was no significant difference in postoperative complete healing rate and partial healing rate between the 2 groups (OR =1.36,1.47,95 ％ CI:0.94-1.97,0.56-3.88,P ＞ 0.05),and recurrence rate after therapy in the combined therapy group was significantly lower than that in the surgery group (OR =0.26,95％ CI:0.16-0.44,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The complete healing rate and partial healing rate of patients with CD with perianal fistula undergoing surgery combined with anti-TNF-alpha therapy are not superior to that undergoing single surgical treatment,however,recurrence rate after therapy is lower for patients undergoing surgery combined with anti-TNF-alpha therapy.