The education on vocational medical students career planning is an important part not only in the field of higher vocational education but also for the employment guidance of the higher vocational medical colleges. According to the reality of the vocational medical students career planning in our country I propose some points about how to strengthen the education on the vocational medical students about their career planning.

Objective To develop a flow cytometrie assay to for diagnosis of X-Linked Hyper.1gM Syndrome(XHIM).Methods Heparinized peripheral blood obtained from patient,mother and a healthy control was diluted with RPMI- 1640(unstimulated control)or with RPMI-1640 containing 15μl PMA(1 rig/μl)and 6 trl ionomycin(50 ng/μl)(stimulated cell).Using directly labeled antibodies,we have examined CD40 ligand levels on CD3+ CD8- lymphocyte surface,and CD69 levels on CD;lymphocyte Surface to determine whether the cells were activated.Results CD69 levels on CD3+ lymphocyte surface from stimulated group and from unstimulated group were above 96% and below 3%,respectively.CD40L levels Oil CD3 CDs-T lymphocyte surface from stimulated group were 0.8% (patient),60.04%(mother) and 62.87%(healthy contr01).CD40L levels on CD3+ CD8-T lymphocyte surface from unstimulated group were 0.88% (patient),4.15%(mother)and 5.51%(healthy contr01).Conclusion This flow cytometric assayis accurate and convenient,which Can be used in neonatal screening.

AIM: To explore the effects and mechanism of interleukin-2 (IL-2) on the positive effect of isoproterenol (ISO) in the isolated rat cardiomyocytes. METHODS: Enzymatically isolated cardiomyocytes were used. Peak twitch amplitude and maximal velocity of shortening/relaxation (?dL/dt_~max ) in the isolated cardiomyocytes were recorded with a microscope coupled to a charge-coupled device camera and [Ca~2+ ]i transients were determined with a fluorometric ratio method by using Fura-2/AM as Ca~2+ indicators. RESULTS: ① ISO increased the peak twitch amplitude and ?dL/dt_~max of the isolated cardiomyocytes. Perfusion for 15 min with IL-2 at 2?103 U/L, which had no effect at all, attenuated the enhancing effect of ISO on the peak twitch amplitude and ?dL/dt_~max . ② ISO increased the [Ca~2+ ]i transients of the single ventricular myocytes in a dose dependent manner and the corresponding EC_~50 values of ISO was (0.12?0.01) ?mol/L. Perfusion for 15 min with IL-2 at 2?103 U/L, which had no effect on the ~[Ca~2+ ]i transient at all, attenuated the enhancing effect of ISO and the corresponding EC_~50 was (0.44?0.06) ?mol/L. ③ The electrically induced [Ca~2+ ]i transient was significantly increased by pretreatment with 20 mg/L cholera toxin for ~12 h. The elevation of the [Ca~2+ ]i transient induced by cholera toxin was significantly attenuated by 2?103 U/L IL-2. ④ Forskolin (1 ?mol/L), the activator of adenyl cyclase, significantly increased the electrically induced [Ca~2+ ]i transient, which was attenuated by IL-2 at 2?103 U/L. CONCLUSION: IL-2 inhibits the positive effect of isoproterenol in the isolated single ventricular myocytes, in which Gs protein and adenyl cyclase are involved. [

AIM: To investigate the effect of interleukin-2 (IL-2) on the intracellular calcium in electrically stimulated adult rat ventricular myocytes during anoxia and reoxygenation. METHODS: The isolated cardiac ventricular myocytes were exposed to 5 min anoxia followed by 10 min reoxygenation. Chemical anoxia was introduced by Krebs-Henseleit (K-H) solution containing 10 -3 mol/L sodium dithionite. The spectrofluorometric method was used to verify intracellular calcium transient with fura-2/AM as calcium fluorescence probe. RESULTS: It was shown that during anoxia, the amplitude of Ca 2+ transient was decreased, diastolic [Ca 2+ ] i, time to peak and time to relaxation of Ca 2+ transient were increased. All the parameters were got back but did not returned to the pre-anoxia level during reoxygenation. IL-2 at 2?10 5 U/L administrated during anoxia aggravated the effect of rexoxygenation on [Ca 2+ ] i transient. Pretreatment with a specific ? opioid antagonist, nor-BNI (10 -8 mol/L), abolished the effect induced by IL-2 during anoxia on the [Ca 2+ ] i transients, whereas specific ? opioid antagonist, naltrindole (10 -6 mol/L), did not cancel the effect. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that administration of IL-2 during anoxia aggravated the effect of reoxygenation on the [Ca 2+ ] i transients of isolated ventricular myocytes, which was mediated by cardiac ? opioid receptor pathway.

Objective To investigate the effects of intestinal microbiota of patients with chronic constipation on the expression of serotonin transporter (SERT) and the bowel movement in mice.Methods Fecal samples of patients with slow transit constipation met Rome Ⅲ criteria and healthy normal controls were collected and made into fecal microbiota solution.Twenty specfic pathogen free (SPF) mice were divided into experiment group and control group.The mice of two groups were both pre-treated with streptomycin to establish the germ-free mice model.The mice of control group were gavaged with mixed fecal microbiota solution of healthy normal controls and the mice of experiment group were gavaged with mixed fecal microbiota solution of patients with chronic constipation.Mice were sacrificed after fed for 15 days.Defecation parameters and ink discharge time of mice were detected.The expressions of SERT mRNA and SERT protein in mice intestinal tissues were detected with real time-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting.The 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels of mice intestinal tissues were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and double immunofluorescent staining.The methods of t test and Chi-square test were performed for statistical analysis.Results On the 15th day,the total number of the feces within 2 h of the experiment group and control group was 8.55±1.83 and 12.14±2.90,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t=3.33,P＜0.05).The weight of feces were (151.90 ± 32.42) mg and (246.72 ± 64.01) mg,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t=4.18,P＜0.01).The dry weight of feces were (65.52±11.76) mg and (92.93±23.07) mg,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t=3.37,P＜0.05).The water content of feces were (56.63 ± 3.01) ％ and (61.95 ± 3.70) ％,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t=3.57,P＜0.05).The defecating time of first black feces of the experiment group and control group were (83.24±11.31) min and (69.06±2.72) min,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t=-2.74,P＜0.05).The expressions of SERT mRNA and SERT protein levels in mice intestine tissues of the experiment group were significantly higher than those of the control group (t =2.61,-6.89;both P＜0.05).5-HT level of mice intestinal tissues of the experimental group and control group were (151.69± 10.18) ng/mL and (198.77 ± 25.99) ng/mL,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t=-4.13,P＜0.01).Conclusion Intestinal microbiota of patients with chronic constipation may influence the expression of SERT in the mice intestinal tissues,and then decrease the level of 5-HT,slowing the bowel movement in mice.

OBJECTIVEIn order to accurately reconstruct the acoustic source image, the application of transducer's receiving characteristics in magneto-acoustic tomography with magnetic induction (MAT-MI) is studied.

METHODSThe conductivity phantom model is built, and the magnetic acoustic signals are simulated and the acoustic sources are reconstructed according to the transducer's receiving characteristics.

RESULTSThe reconstructed image of acoustic source is consistent with the topographic shape and size of the phantom model.

CONCLUSIONMAT-MI based on the transducer's characteristics lays the foundation for further study.

Objective To express EV71 VP1 in prokaryotic expression system,initially evaluate the ability of blocking EV71 infection and the neutralizing activity of its polyclonal antibody.Methods Construct the prokaryotic expression plasmid pET30a (+)-VP1.Induced expression in Transetta (DE3) with IPTG and identified by Western blot.After purified with HisBind Protein Purification Kit,its ability of blocking EV71 infection and the neutralizing activity of its polyclonal antibody were analyzed.Results Plasmid PET-30a(+)-VPI was constructed successfully and the objective protein was expressed effectively.The ELISA titer of the polyclonal antibody was 1:3200 while neutralizing titer was 1:16 and the recombination protein lost the ability of blocking EV71 infection.Conclusion The recombination protein can stimulate mice to produce antibodies and the polyclonal antibody shew neutralizing activity but the recombination protein lost the binding activity to receptors probably due to the wrong advanced structure.

Objective To determine the level of awareness about thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke among community residents in Yuzhong district,Chongqing,China.Methods We used multi-stage sampling to select 1500 households distributed in 3 Street of Yuzhong district,and then one member of each household answered the survey.A trained interviewer conducted a face to face survey about the questions regarding stroke warning signs and thrombolytic therapy in acute stroke.Results A total of 1101 participants completed the survey.Only 257 (23.3％,95％ CI 20.8-25.8) participants were aware of thrombolytic therapy for acute stroke and 59.9％ of them (154/257,95％ CI53.9-65.9) knew the time window of thrombolytic therapy.The rate of thrombolytic therapy awareness was higher among people with young age,well-educated,with higher household income with health insurance,and those who knew all 5 stroke warning signs.People aged ≥75 years had higher rate of awareness of the time window.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,education level,health insurance and knowledge of stroke warning signs were independently associated with the rate of thrombolytic therapy awareness.Conclusions In this population-based survey the community residents had poor awareness of thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke.It is necessary to improve the level of public knowledge about thrombolytic therapy for acute stroke by health education.

Objective To explore the necessity of colonoscopy in young patients with chronic constipation.Methods Data of patients aged 18-50 underwent colonoscopy at Tianjin Medical University General Hospital with chronic constipation as the sole indication between April 2003 and May 2014 were analyzed.Endoscopic and pathologic reports were analyzed.Results During the study period,a total of 563 patients were included,who were aged 18-50 with chronic constipation as the sole indication,of which 260 patients were aged 18-35,and 303 patients were aged 36-50.No lesion was found during colonoscopy in 167 (29.7％) patients,whereas in other 396 (70.3 ％) patients positive findings were reported,including polyps in 45 patients (of which 13 were with multiple polyps),adenomas in 20(17 in distal colon,3 in proximal colon).In patients aged 18-35,3 cases of adenomas(3/260,1.2％) were found,of which 1 patient (1/260,0.4％)had advanced adenoma.In patients aged 36-50,17 cases of adenomas(17/303,5.6％) were found,of which 4 (4/303,1.3％) were advanced ones.Colorectal cancers were found in 2 patients (0.7％,2/303),both in patients aged 36-50.The detection rate for colorectal neoplasms (including adenoma and cancer) in patients with chronic constipation aged 18-35 was significantly lower than that in patients aged 36-50[1.2％(3/260) VS 6.3％(19/303),P=0.002,95％CI:0.05-0.60].Conclusion The detection rate for colorectal neoplasms in patients aged 18-35 years with chronic constipation is relatively low,and colonoscopy is not recommended for them.

Objective To evaluate the immediate impact of radiofrequencycatheter ablation on left atrial (LA)volumes and function by velocity vector imaging(ⅤⅥ)and compare the LA function with and without atrial fibrillation after the operation.Methods Ten consecutive patients with paroxysmal AF were studied at baseline and within 3 days after ablation.Ten consecutive patients with persistent AF were studied within 3 days after ablation,in sinus rhythm.Ten patients with normal ventricular function were included in the study.ⅤⅥ was performed to assess LA sizes and strain,strain rate,velocity of the septum,lateral wall and the atrial roof from the apical four-chamber view.Results In patients with paroxysmal AF,global and regioal LA function was not significantly impaired after the ablation procedure.Subgroup analysis demonstrated that there were no significant difference in LA function betwwen patients with paroxysmal AF and control subjects,but the indexed LAVmax was significantly larger in all AF patients compared with control subjects.The global function of LA,including LAEF,LAaEF and LA expansion index significantly decreased in persistent AF patients.By contrast,the LA septal strain,velocity and lateral strain were lower than controls.Conclusions Radiofrequency catheter ablation has no influence on LA function assessed by ⅤⅥ within three days after the operation for patients with paroxysmaI AF.The function of persistent AF patients is absolutely lower than control subjects.