Objective: To investigate the effect of mitoxantrone (MIT) on calreticulin (CRT) expression in B16 cells, and to observe the immune effect of B16-membrane antigen vaccine highly expressing CRT on B16 tumor-bearing mice. Methods: The expression of CRT on membrane of B16 cells was detected by immunofluorescence after treatment with different concentrations of MIT. B16-implanted mouse model was established, and the growth of B16-implanted tumors and CRT expression in B16-implanted tumor tissues were observed after treatment with different concentrations of MIT. Membrane antigen vaccines from both normal B16 cells and MIT-treated B16 cells were prepared, and mice were immunized before B16 cell implantation. The infiltration of immune cells into B16 tumor tissues and the ratios of CD4~+ and CD8~+ T cells in the spleen of B16 tumor-bearing mice were examined by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry, respectively. Results: Flow cytometry results showed that MIT dose-dependently increased CRT expression on B16 cell membrane, with CRT expression in control and high dosage MIT groups being (29.40±3.57)% and (72.20±2.94)% (P<0.05), respectively. MIT also increased CRT expression in B16 tumor tissues, with those in the control and high dosage MIT groups being 3.21±1.37 and 9.17±1.06 (P<0.05), respectively. MIT effectively inhibited the growth of B16 tumors (P<0.05). Compared with normal B16 cell membrane antigen vaccine, the vaccine highly expressing CRT increased the numbers of DCs and T cells in B16 tumors tissues and the ratios of CD4~+ and CD8(+) T cells in the spleen (P<0.05). Conclusion: MIT can increase CRT expression on membrane of B16 cells. B16-membrane antigen vaccine highly expressing CRT can enhance the infiltration of DCs and T cells in melanoma, thus improving the immune effect of B16-membrane antigen vaccine.

BACKGROUND: CD58 is a glycoprotein, belongs to immune protein superfamily members, widely expresses in various human immunocytes and erythrocytes, and is the key immune substance of regulating T cell immune function by erythrocytes.OBJECTIVE: To explore the influence of moxibustion on the acupoints of Shenque (CV8) and Guanyuan (CV4) on erythrocyte CD58 expression in healthy people.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized, controlled experiment was performed at the Central Laboratory, Shanxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March to December 2008.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 40 healthy undergraduates, 20 males and 20 females, aged mean 21.08 years, admitted in Shanxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected. Informed consents were obtained from each participant.METHODS: Putting the medicinal cakes on the acupoints, Shenque (CV8), Guanyuan (CV4), Zusanli (ST36), Pishu (BL20),Shenshu (BL21), and then lighted moxa every other day, totally for 10 times. Different quantities were compared before and after applying moxibustion.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hemocyte routine examination was performed before and after moxibustion. Positive percentage and mean fluorescent strength of CD58 molecule on erythrocyte surface were determined by flow cytometry.RESULTS: The quantities of erythrocytes and leukocytes were increased significantly following moxibustion (P < 0.01). Positive percentage and mean fluorescent strength of CD58 molecule on erythrocyte surface were significantly greater following moxibustion (P < 0.01), especially fluorescent strength of CD58 molecule on erythrocyte surface following moxibustion.CONCLUSION: There are close relationships between CD58 expression and moxibustion. Moxibustion with medicinal cake plays an important role in the immune function of a body.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of trichostatin A(TSA)on bladder cancer cell lines and its synergetic effect with anticancer drugs in treating bladder cancer in vitro and in vivo.Methods The inhibitory effects of TSA on human bladder cancer cell lines in vitro were detected by MTT assay.Hoechst staining was used to observe morphology for apoptotic cells after TSA treatment.Western blot was used to detect expression of acetyl-histone H3 and survivin.In vivo synergetic effects of TSA with anticancer drugs were detected in bladder cancer model rats.Results TSA significantly inhibited growth of bladder cancer cell lines in concentration and time dependent manner.Better results of tumor inhibition have been achieved when it was combined with DDP,MMC and ADM than used alone.After TSA treatment,the survivin expression in bladder cancer cells decreased and acetyl-histone H3 expression increased.Intravesical application of TSA combined with MMC can significantly inhibited tumor growth and progression.Conclusion TSA has direct anti-cancer effect and can enhance the action of several chemotherapy agents markedly.TSA may be an excellent candidate agent for intravesical application to treat bladder cancer.

Objective To observe the dynamic changes of ghrelin of spleen-qi-deficiency rats and the intervention effects ofSijunzi Decoction.Methods Experimental rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group andSijunzi Decoction group. Except for normal control group, spleen-qi-deficiency model was copied through the two-factor methods of breaking qi by bitter cold and swimming exhausted. Meanwhile,Sijunzi Decoction group was given 20 g/(kg?d)Sijunzi Decoction intervention. The activities of GAS, MTL, SS and VIP at different time points (14, 21, 28 d) in intestine and serum were detected by ELISA and RIA. At the same time the intervention effect of Sijunzi Decoction was studied.Results Compared with normal control group, GAS and MTL in intestine and serum of model rats decreased, while SS and VIP increased (P<0.05,P<0.01). Compared with model group, GAS and MTL in intestine and serum of rats in theSijunzi Decoction group increased, while SS and VIP decreased (P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Ghrelin in intestine and serum of spleen-qi-deficiency rats shows dynamic coincidental changes.Sijunzi Decoction can treat spleen qi deficiency by regulating the activities of rat ghrelin.

To analyze and evaluate the knowledge of Chinese Guidelines of Diabetes Prevention and Treatment in Shanghai medical staff. 175 medical staff working in endocrinology or community health were enrolled and evaluated by a questionnaire of guidelines about the state of professional, training, and related knowledge. Only 16. 6% medical staffwere trained about the guidelines( 46. 67% from the general hospitals, 14. 75% from secod-level hospital and 7. 14% persons from the community hospitals, P＜0. 01 ). The total correct answer rate of the guidelines was 37. 36%. The correct rate of community hospitals was lower than others( P＜0. 05 ). The rate of doctors' was higher than nurses'( P＜0. 05 ). There were difference between doctors and nurses with the key point of diabetes care knowledge in different level hospitals. The effective method of clinical training in diabetes care should be explored. We still have to work hard to promote the effect of diabetes control and prevention. Effective training about the guidelines should be enhanced. The cooperation between general hospitals and community health institutions in diabetes prevention and treatment should be enhanced.

Objective To understand patient pathway and clinical characteristics of chronic diseases in urban areas of Shanghai. Methods A total of 10 002 residents were enrolled and assigned to the chronic disease group (including hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke) and the non-chronic disease group. Body mass index,fasting blood glucose, triglyceride,total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were tested.Difference of patient pathway and clinical characteristics of those chronic diseases was compared. Results Above chronic diseases were observed in 37.7% participants. About 2/3 diseases were confirmed and 80% patients were followed up in healthcare units not far away from home. Patients with coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction showed more outpatient visit to tertiary hospitals (P＜0. 05 ). However, patients with ischemic stroke had health check, rehabilitation and pharmacy done mainly in local healthcare centers (P＜0. 05 ). Diastolic blood pressure of patients visiting local doctors was significantly decreased (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Some differences in patient pathway were found in this study. Communication and cooperation between medical institutions should be intensified for effective chronic disease control.